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2001 Basque regional election

Election in the Spanish region of the Basque Country

Field	Value
election_name	2001 Basque regional election
country	Basque Country
type	parliamentary
ongoing	no
previous_election	1998 Basque regional election
previous_year	1998
next_election	2005 Basque regional election
next_year	2005
seats_for_election	All 75 seats in the Basque Parliament
majority_seats	38
opinion_polls	#Opinion polls
registered	1,813,356 0.5%
turnout	1,431,996 (79.0%)
9.0 pp
election_date	13 May 2001
image1	[[File:Juan José Ibarretxe 2007 (cropped).jpg	170x170px]]
leader1	Juan José Ibarretxe
party1	PNV–EA
leader_since1	31 January 1998
leaders_seat1	Álava
last_election1	27 seats, 36.2%
seats1	33
seat_change1	6
popular_vote1	604,222
percentage1	42.4%
swing1	6.2 pp
image2	[[File:Jaime Mayor Oreja 2009b (cropped).jpg	170x170px]]
leader2	Jaime Mayor Oreja
party2	People's Party of the Basque Country
leader_since2	26 February 2001
leaders_seat2	Biscay
last_election2	18 seats, 21.1%
seats2	19
seat_change2	1
popular_vote2	326,933
percentage2	22.9%
swing2	1.8 pp
image3	[[File:Nicolás Redondo Terreros 2016 (cropped).jpg	170x170px]]
leader3	Nicolás Redondo
party3	PSE–EE (PSOE)
leader_since3	20 October 1997
leaders_seat3	Biscay
last_election3	14 seats, 17.4%
seats3	13
seat_change3	1
popular_vote3	253,195
percentage3	17.8%
swing3	0.4 pp
image4	[[File:Arnaldo Otegi 2006 (cropped).jpg	170x170px]]
leader4	Arnaldo Otegi
party4	Euskal Herritarrok
leader_since4	14 February 1998
leaders_seat4	Guipúzcoa
last_election4	14 seats, 17.7%
seats4	7
seat_change4	7
popular_vote4	143,139
percentage4	10.0%
swing4	7.7 pp
image5	[[File:Javier Madrazo 2007 (cropped).jpg	170x170px]]
leader5	Javier Madrazo
party5	IU/EB
leader_since5	14 May 1994
leaders_seat5	Biscay
last_election5	2 seats, 5.6%
seats5	3
seat_change5	1
popular_vote5	78,862
percentage5	5.5%
swing5	0.1 pp
map	{{Switcher
title	Lehendakari
before_election	Juan José Ibarretxe
before_party	Basque Nationalist Party
after_election	Juan José Ibarretxe
after_party	Basque Nationalist Party

9.0 pp

A regional election was held in the Basque Country on Sunday, 13 May 2001, to elect the 7th Parliament of the autonomous community. All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election.

The PNV–EA alliance, established by the Basque Nationalist Party (PNV) and Basque Solidarity (EA) parties which had formed the Basque government since 1998, won a landslide victory with 33 seats and 42.4% of the share, which represented their best combined result in history as well as the best performance for the top voted list in a Basque regional election, outperforming the PNV's own record in 1984. The People's Party (PP), which for this election ran in coalition with Alavese Unity (UA), came second with 22.9% of the share and 19 seats, whereas the Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE) came in third with 13 seats and 17.8% of the vote. Together, they fell well short of their intended aim of commanding an overall majority in parliament that was able to oust the ruling PNV from power, but also one seat behind the PNV–EA result. The abertzale left Basque Citizens (EH) coalition obtained 7 seats and 10.0% of the vote, in what was seen as a mix of both tactical voting in favour of the PNV–EA list as well as a punishment to the political force because of its leadership's alleged collaboration with the banned separatist group ETA.

Overview

Electoral system

The Basque Parliament was the devolved, unicameral legislature of the autonomous community of the Basque Country, having legislative power in regional matters as defined by the Spanish Constitution and the Basque Statute of Autonomy, as well as the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a lehendakari. Voting for the Parliament was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over 18 years of age, registered in the Basque Country and in full enjoyment of their political rights.

The 75 members of the Basque Parliament were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of three percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Seats were allocated to constituencies, corresponding to the provinces of Álava, Biscay and Guipúzcoa, with each being allocated a fixed number of 25 seats in order to provide for an equal parliamentary representation of the three provinces, as required under the regional statute of autonomy.

Election date

The term of the Basque Parliament expired four years after the date of its previous election, unless it was dissolved earlier. The election Decree was required to be issued no later than the twenty-fifth day prior to the date of expiry of parliament and published on the following day in the Official Gazette of the Basque Country, with election day taking place on the fifty-fourth day from publication. The previous election was held on 25 October 1998, which meant that the legislature's term would have expired on 25 October 2002. The election decree was required to be published in the BOPV no later than 1 October 2002, with the election taking place on the fifty-fourth day from publication, setting the latest possible election date for the Parliament on Sunday, 24 November 2002.

The lehendakari had the prerogative to dissolve the Basque Parliament at any given time and call a snap election, provided that no motion of no confidence was in process. In the event of an investiture process failing to elect a lehendakari within a sixty-day period from the Parliament re-assembly, the Parliament was to be dissolved and a fresh election called.

Parties and candidates

The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.

Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election:

Candidacy	Parties and
alliances	Leading candidate	Ideology	Previous result	Gov.	Ref.	Vote %	Seats
PNV–EA}}"		PNV–EA	{{Collapsible list	title = List	bullets = on	Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)	Basque Solidarity (EA)	[[File:Juan José Ibarretxe 2007 (cropped).jpg	50px]]	Juan José Ibarretxe
People's Party of the Basque Country}}"		PP	{{Collapsible list	title = List	bullets = on	People's Party (PP)	Alavese Unity (UA)	[[File:Jaime Mayor Oreja 2009b (cropped).jpg	50px]]	Jaime Mayor Oreja
Euskal Herritarrok}}"		EH	{{Collapsible list	title = List	bullets = on	Popular Unity (HB)
– Basque Nationalist Action (EAE/ANV)	[[File:Arnaldo Otegi 2006 (cropped).jpg	50px]]	Arnaldo Otegi	Basque independence
Abertzale left
Revolutionary socialism
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left}}"		**PSE–EE
(PSOE)**	{{Collapsible list	title = List	bullets = on	Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))	[[File:Nicolás Redondo Terreros 2016 (cropped).jpg	50px]]	Nicolás Redondo	Social democracy
Ezker Batua}}"		IU/EB	{{Collapsible list	title = List	bullets = on	United Left (IU/EB)	[[File:Javier Madrazo 2007 (cropped).jpg	50px]]	Javier Madrazo	Socialism
Communism

Opinion polls

The table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font; 38 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Basque Parliament.

;Color key:

Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size	Turnout	[[File:Isotipo EAJ-PNV (1992).svg	28px	link=Basque Nationalist Party	PNV]]	[[File:People's Party (Spain) Logo (2000-2007).svg	33px	link=People's Party of the Basque Country	PP]]	[[File:Logotipo de Euskal Herritarrok.svg	27px
2001 regional election	13 May 2001		79.0		42.4
22.9
10.0
17.8
	5.5
	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	19.5
title=Los sondeos dan más crecimiento a PNV-EA que a PP-UA y PSE	url=https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2001/05/13/portada/989776619.html	language=es	work=El Mundo	date=13 May 2001}}	13 May 2001	?	?		?
?
?
?
	?
	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	?
Opitel/Tele 5	13 May 2001	?	?		?
?
?
?
	?
	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	?
COPE	13 May 2001	?	?		?
?
?
?
	?
	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	?
Sigma Dos/Antena 3	13 May 2001	?	?		?
?
?
?
	?
	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	?
Gallup/RTVE	13 May 2001	?	?		?
?
?
?
	?
	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	?
title=Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco de 13 de mayo de 2001: ¿Unas elecciones sorprendentes?	url=http://revistas.uned.es/index.php/derechopolitico/article/viewFile/8821/8414	language=es	work=Revista de Derecho Político	date=2001}}	6 May 2001	?	?		?
?
?
?
	?
	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	?
title=PP y PSE podrían quedarse a un solo escaño de la mayoría absoluta en el País Vasco	url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/2001/05/06/022.html	language=es	work=ABC	date=6 May 2001}}	2–3 May 2001	900	73–74		34.5
24.3
14.9
19.1
	4.9
	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	10.2
title=PP y PSOE se acercan a la mayoría absoluta pese al alza de PNV-EA	url=http://www.elmundo.es/2001/05/04/espana/990602.html	archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010630102808/http://www.elmundo.es/2001/05/04/espana/990602.html	url-status=dead	archive-date=30 June 2001	language=es	work=La Vanguardia	date=4 May 2001}}	27 Apr–3 May 2001	1,400	?		38.2
24.7
11.5
19.0
	4.4
	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	13.5
title=Portada: PP y PSE rozan la mayoría suficiente para gobernar	url=http://elpais.com/hemeroteca/elpais/portadas/2001/05/06/	language=es	work=El País	date=6 May 2001}}	25 Apr–3 May 2001	1,814	75		39.6
23.9
10.0
20.0
	4.2
	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	15.7
title=Un tercio de los votantes del PP apuesta por un diálogo con ETA para lograr la paz	url=https://www.lavozdegalicia.es/noticia/espana/2001/05/05/tercio-votantes-pp-apuesta-dialogo-eta-lograr-paz/0003_547565.htm	language=es	work=La Voz de Galicia	date=5 May 2001}}	25 Apr–3 May 2001	1,800	?		?
?
?
?
	?
	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	?
Bergareche/El Correo	26–29 Apr 2001	3,600	?		?
?
?
?
	?
	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	?
title=Los nacionalistas rozarían la mayoría mientras que PP-PSOE necesitarían a IU	url=https://www.lavozdegalicia.es/noticia/espana/2001/05/01/nacionalistas-rozarian-mayoria-pp-psoe-necesitarian-iu/0003_100000001797.htm	language=es	work=La Voz de Galicia	date=1 May 2001}}	25–28 Apr 2001	900	?		41.0
22.9
?
17.7
	4.4
	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	18.1
title=Preelectoral del País Vasco elecciones autonómicas, 2001 (Estudio nº 2414. Abril 2001)	url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/2400_2419/2414/e241400.html	language=es	work=CIS	date=9 May 2001}}	17–25 Apr 2001	2,487	73.5		38.7
24.7
11.6
18.6
	4.2
	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	14.0
title=PP y PSE se acercan a su objetivo	url=http://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com/preview/2001/04/29/pagina-15/34152199/pdf.html	language=es	work=La Vanguardia	date=29 April 2001}}	19–20 Apr 2001	1,500	?		37.0
22.5
15.5
18.5
	4.0
	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	14.5
title=Previsiones de voto para Elecciones Autonómicas (Abril 2001)	url=http://www.euskadi.eus/contenidos/documentacion/o_sv16prev/es_sv16prev/adjuntos/sv16prev.pdf	language=es	work=Basque Government	date=11 April 2001}}	14–28 Mar 2001	2,996	72.5		37.5
23.3
13.2
19.5
	4.4
	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	14.2
title=Elecciones en el País Vasco	url=http://www.cadenaser.com:80/PaginasASP/especiales_ser.asp?pagina=pulsometro/010322/index.htm	archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030106013411/http://www.cadenaser.com/PaginasASP/especiales_ser.asp?pagina=pulsometro%2F010322%2Findex.htm	url-status=dead	archive-date=6 January 2003	language=es	work=Cadena SER	date=22 March 2001	access-date=19 May 2020 }}	19–20 Mar 2001	1,500	?		38.6
23.4
13.5
18.0
	4.5
	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	15.2
title=IU, posible llave para un Gobierno no nacionalista, según un sondeo del PSOE	url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/2001/04/07/021.html	language=es	work=ABC	date=7 April 2001}}	9–12 Mar 2001	1,800	?		?
?
?
?
	?
	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	?
title=Aznar: 'Mayor ha renunciado a estar en el Gobierno para jugársela'	url=https://elpais.com/diario/2001/03/05/espana/983746802_850215.html	language=es	work=El País	date=5 March 2001	last1=Casqueiro	first1=Javier }}	4 Mar 2001	?	?		?
?
?
?
?
?
?
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	?
title=El frente nacionalista pierde entre tres y cinco diputados y PP-PSE ganan hasta seis	url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/2001/02/25/017.html	language=es	work=ABC	date=25 February 2001}}	21–22 Feb 2001	900	?		31.7
21.4
15.7
18.9
6.5
4.3
0.8
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	10.3
title=Situación social y política del País Vasco, XIII (Estudio nº 2407. Enero-Febrero 2001)	url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/2400_2419/2407/e240700.html	language=es	work=CIS	date=20 March 2001}}	31 Jan–18 Feb 2001	2,482	72.0		31.3
21.6
14.4
18.4
7.0
4.5
0.7
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	9.7
title=El PP se ve en condiciones de ganar las elecciones	url=http://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com/preview/2001/02/18/pagina-17/34189425/pdf.html	language=es	work=La Vanguardia	date=18 February 2001}}	17 Feb 2001	2,300	?	?
	?
?
?
?
?
–	People's Party of the Basque Country}}; color:white;"	?
title=Previsiones de voto para Elecciones Autonómicas (Diciembre 2000)	url=http://www.euskadi.eus/contenidos/documentacion/o_a002prev/es_a002prev/adjuntos/a002prev.pdf	language=es	work=Basque Government	date=28 December 2000}}	27 Nov–15 Dec 2000	2,016	70.0		29.4
21.7
14.6
19.2
7.6
4.9
0.3
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	7.7
CPS/EHU	2–17 Nov 2000	1,800	?		28.3
23.4
14.5
17.8
8.1
5.0
	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	4.9
?		28.3
22.8
14.5
17.8
8.1
5.0
0.6
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	5.5
Bergareche/El Correo	26–29 Oct 2000	750	75.2		32.4
20.8
14.8
16.4
7.1
5.1
1.0
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	11.6
title=Un sondeo pone al PP a un solo escaño del PNV y deja a los nacionalistas sin mayoría	url=http://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com/preview/2000/07/29/pagina-14/34100635/pdf.html	language=es	work=La Vanguardia	date=29 July 2000}}	5–16 Jun 2000	1,800	?		27.2
22.5
15.0
17.0
7.5
5.1
0.7
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	4.7
2000 general election	12 Mar 2000		63.8		30.4
28.3
–	23.3
7.6
5.4
–	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	2.1
1999 EP election	13 Jun 1999		64.5		33.9
19.8
19.5
19.5
	3.9
–	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	14.1
[1999 foral elections](1999-basque-foral-elections)	13 Jun 1999		64.8		34.7
19.1
19.7
18.3
	4.6
0.8
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	15.0
1999 local elections	13 Jun 1999		64.8		34.2	17.5	19.6	18.9		4.4	0.8	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	14.6
[1998 regional election](1998-basque-regional-election)	25 Oct 1998		70.0		27.6
19.9
17.7
17.4
8.6
5.6
1.2
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	7.7

Results

Overall

Parties and alliances	Popular vote	Seats	Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
PNV–EA}}"		Basque Nationalist Party–Basque Solidarity (PNV–EA)1	604,222	42.38	+6.19	33	+6
People's Party of the Basque Country}}"		People's Party (PP)2	326,933	22.93	+1.84	19	+1
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left}}"		Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))	253,195	17.76	+0.41	13	−1
Euskal Herritarrok}}"		Basque Citizens (EH)	143,139	10.04	−7.62	7	−7
Ezker Batua}}"		United Left (IU/EB)	78,862	5.53	−0.07	3	+1
Humanist Party (Spain)}}"		Humanist Party (PH)	3,708	0.26	±0.00	0	±0
Party of the Democratic Karma}}"		Party of the Democratic Karma (PKD)	2,000	0.14	New	0	±0
Workers for Democracy Coalition}}"		Workers for Democracy Coalition (TD)	1,017	0.07	New	0	±0
Askatasuna}}"		Freedom (Askatasuna)	663	0.05	New	0	±0
Carlist Party (1970)}}"		Carlist Party (EKA/PC)	530	0.04	New	0	±0
Blank ballots	11,508	0.81	−0.58
Total	1,425,777		75	±0
Valid votes	1,425,777	99.57	+0.10
Invalid votes	6,219	0.43	−0.10
Votes cast / turnout	1,431,996	78.97	+8.98
Abstentions	381,360	21.03	−8.98
Registered voters	1,813,356
Sources
{{hidden	ta1=left	title=Footnotes:	content={{ubl	1 Basque Nationalist Party–Basque Solidarity results are compared to the combined totals of Basque Nationalist Party and Basque Solidarity in the 1998 election.	2 People's Party results are compared to the combined totals of the People's Party and Alavese Unity in the 1998 election.}}}}

Distribution by constituency

Constituency	PNV–EA	PP	PSE–EE	EH	IU/EB	PNV–EA}}"		People's Party of the Basque Country}}"		Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left}}"
Álava	PNV–EA}}; color:white;"	33.6	9	32.5	9	20.4	5	6.1	1	5.9	1
Biscay	PNV–EA}}; color:white;"	43.4	12	23.4	6	18.1	4	8.0	2	5.6	1
Guipúzcoa	PNV–EA}}; color:white;"	44.3	12	18.0	4	16.1	4	15.1	4	5.2	1
Total	PNV–EA}}; color:white;"	42.4	33	22.9	19	17.8	13	10.0	7	5.5	3

Aftermath

Ballot →	11 July 2001	12 July 2001	Required majority →	Basque Nationalist Party}};"
38 out of 75	Simple
{{Collapsible list	title = Juan José Ibarretxe (PNV)	• PNV (26)	• EA (7) (6 on 12 Jul)	• IU/EB (3) (on 12 Jul)
{{Collapsible list	title = Abstentions/Blank ballots	• PP (19)	• PSE–EE (13)	• IU/EB (3) (on 11 Jul)
{{Collapsible list	title = Absentees	• EA (1) (on 12 Jul)
Sources

Notes

References

;Opinion poll sources

;Other

References

(18 December 1979). ["[Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country".
(15 June 1990). "Ley 5/1990, de 15 de junio, de Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco".
(30 June 1981). "Ley 7/1981, de 30 de junio, sobre Ley de Gobierno".
(19 June 1985). "Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General".
"Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco / Eusko Legebilitzarra (1980 - 2020)".
"Election Results Archive". Basque Government.

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