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1984 Basque regional election

Election in the Spanish region of the Basque Country

Election in the Spanish region of the Basque Country

FieldValue
election_name1984 Basque regional election
countryBasque Country
typeparliamentary
ongoingno
previous_election1980 Basque regional election
previous_year1980
next_election1986 Basque regional election
next_year1986
seats_for_electionAll 75 seats in the Basque Parliament
majority_seats38
opinion_polls#Opinion polls
registered1,584,540 1.9%
turnout1,085,304 (68.5%)
8.7 pp
election_date26 February 1984
image1[[File:Carlos Garaikoetxea 1979 (cropped).jpg170x170px]]
leader1Carlos Garaikoetxea
party1Basque Nationalist Party
leader_since1April 1977
leaders_seat1Guipúzcoa
last_election125 seats, 38.0%
seats132
seat_change17
popular_vote1451,178
percentage141.8%
swing13.8 pp
image2[[File:Txiki Benegas 1979 (cropped).jpg170x170px]]
leader2Txiki Benegas
party2PSE–PSOE
leader_since226 February 1978
leaders_seat2Biscay
last_election29 seats, 14.2%
seats219
seat_change210
popular_vote2247,786
percentage223.0%
swing28.8 pp
image3[[File:Portrait placeholder.svg170x170px]]
leader3—
party3Herri Batasuna
leader_since3—
leaders_seat3—
last_election311 seats, 16.5%
seats311
seat_change30
popular_vote3157,389
percentage314.6%
swing31.9 pp
image4[[File:Jaime Mayor Oreja 2009b (cropped).jpg170x170px]]
leader4Jaime Mayor Oreja
party4AP–PDP–UL
leader_since41984
leaders_seat4Guipúzcoa
last_election42 seats, 4.8%
seats47
seat_change45
popular_vote4100,581
percentage49.3%
swing44.5 pp
image5[[File:Portrait placeholder.svg170x170px]]
leader5Mario Onaindia
party5Euskadiko Ezkerra
leader_since51982
leaders_seat5Álava
last_election56 seats, 9.8%
seats56
seat_change50
popular_vote585,671
percentage57.9%
swing51.9 pp
map_imageBasqueCountryProvinceMapParliament1984.png
map_size325px
map_captionVote winner strength by constituency
titleLehendakari
before_electionCarlos Garaikoetxea
before_partyBasque Nationalist Party
after_electionCarlos Garaikoetxea
after_partyBasque Nationalist Party

8.7 pp

A regional election was held in the Basque Country on Sunday, 26 February 1984, to elect the 2nd Parliament of the autonomous community. All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election.

The Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) won 32 seats, the Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE) came second with 19 seats, People's Unity (HB) came third with 11 seats, the People's Coalition (AP–PDP–UL) won 7 seats, and Basque Country Left (EE) won 6 seats.

Overview

Electoral system

The Basque Parliament was the devolved, unicameral legislature of the autonomous community of the Basque Country, having legislative power in regional matters as defined by the Spanish Constitution and the Basque Statute of Autonomy, as well as the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a lehendakari. Voting for the Parliament was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over 18 years of age, registered in the Basque Country and in full enjoyment of their political rights.

The 75 members of the Basque Parliament were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of five percent of valid votes being applied in each constituency. Seats were allocated to constituencies, corresponding to the provinces of Álava, Biscay and Guipúzcoa, with each being allocated a fixed number of 25 seats in order to provide for an equal parliamentary representation of the three provinces, as required under the regional statute of autonomy.

The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least 500 electors in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.

Election date

The term of the Basque Parliament expired four years after the date of its previous election, unless it was dissolved earlier. An election was required to take place within from thirty-six and forty-five days from the date of expiry of parliament. The previous election was held on 9 March 1980, which meant that the legislature's term would have expired on 9 March 1984. The election was required to be held no later than the forty-fifth day from dissolution, setting the latest possible election date for the Parliament on Monday, 23 April 1984.

After legal amendments in 1981, the lehendakari was granted the prerogative to dissolve the Basque Parliament at any given time and call a snap election, provided that no motion of no confidence was in process. In the event of an investiture process failing to elect a lehendakari within a sixty-day period from the Parliament re-assembly, the Parliament was to be dissolved and a fresh election called.

Opinion polls

The tables below lists opinion polling results in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll.

Voting intention estimates

The table below lists weighted voting intention estimates. Refusals are generally excluded from the party vote percentages, while question wording and the treatment of "don't know" responses and those not intending to vote may vary between polling organisations. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font; 38 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Basque Parliament (31 until 11 December 1983).

Polling firm/CommissionerFieldwork dateSample sizeTurnoutPNV[[File:Batasuna.svg28pxlink=Herri BatasunaHB]][[File:Logo PSOE, 1976-2001.svg17pxlink=Socialist Party of the Basque CountryPSE–PSOE]][[File:Logo-EE.svg18pxlink=Euskadiko EzkerraEE]][[File:Logo UCD.svg27pxlink=Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)UCD]][[File:Coalicion Popular logo.png35pxlink=People's Coalition (Spain)AP–PDP–UL]][[File:Logotipopce.svg30pxlink=Communist Party of the Basque CountryPCE/EPK]][[File:Centro Democrático y Social (corto).png27pxlink=Democratic and Social Centre (Spain)CDS]]LeadBasque Nationalist Party}};"Herri Batasuna}};"Socialist Party of the Basque Country}};"Euskadiko Ezkerra}};"Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)}};"People's Coalition (Spain)}};"Communist Party of the Basque Country}};"Democratic and Social Centre (Spain)}};"
**1984 regional election**26 Feb 198468.5**41.8**
14.6
23.0
7.9
–9.3
1.4
–Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"18.8
ECO/CIS20 Feb 19841,506?**46.0**16.018.013.0–4.01.0–Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"28.0
Emopública/El País13–16 Feb 19841,200?**46.0**
13.6
16.6
10.3
–1.8
––Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"29.4
AP30 Jan 1984??**41.5**16.717.69.4–8.3––Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"23.9
title=Los partidos vascos ven muy difícil un pacto de Gobierno tras las eleccionesurl=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1984/01/22/020.htmllanguage=eswork=ABCdate=22 January 1984}}21 Jan 1984???
?
?
?
–?
––Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"?
Basque Government21 Jan 1984???
?
?
?
–?
––Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"?
title=PNV se mantiene y PSOE baja, según una encuesta relativa a las próximas elecciones autonómicasurl=http://diariodenavarra.mynewsonline.com/index.php?screen=preview&ref=NAV19840102G003language=eswork=Diario de Navarradate=2 January 1984}}3–10 Nov 198360065**35.0**
13.0
23.0
10.0
–12.0
––Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"12.0
**[1983 foral elections](1983-basque-foral-elections)**8 May 198364.6**39.6**
14.2
26.3
7.9
–8.8
2.0
0.3
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"13.3
**1983 local elections**8 May 198364.7**39.2**13.625.77.3–7.82.10.5Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"13.5
**1982 general election**28 Oct 198279.3**31.7**
14.7
29.2
7.7
11.6*
1.8
1.8
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"2.5
title=Socialistas y EE pueden desbancar a Herri Batasuna en unas próximas eleccionesurl=http://diariodenavarra.mynewsonline.com/index.php?screen=preview&ref=NAV19820825G003language=eswork=Diario de Navarradate=25 August 1982}}25 Aug 1982??**36.5**
13.3
20.3
13.7
5.2
2.4**
2.8
–Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"16.2
**[1980 regional election](1980-basque-regional-election-results)**9 Mar 198059.8**38.0**
16.5
14.2
9.8
8.5
4.8**
4.0
–Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"21.5
(*) Results for AP–PDP–PDL–UCD.
(**) Results for People's Alliance.

Voting preferences

The table below lists raw, unweighted voting preferences.

Polling firm/CommissionerFieldwork dateSample sizePNV[[File:Batasuna.svg28pxlink=Herri BatasunaHB]][[File:Logo PSOE, 1976-2001.svg17pxlink=Socialist Party of the Basque CountryPSE–PSOE]][[File:Logo-EE.svg18pxlink=Euskadiko EzkerraEE]][[File:Logo UCD.svg27pxlink=Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)UCD]][[File:Coalicion Popular logo.png35pxlink=People's Coalition (Spain)AP–PDP–UL]][[File:Logotipopce.svg30pxlink=Communist Party of the Basque CountryPCE/EPK]][[File:Centro Democrático y Social (corto).png27pxlink=Democratic and Social Centre (Spain)CDS]]LeadBasque Nationalist Party}};"Herri Batasuna}};"Socialist Party of the Basque Country}};"Euskadiko Ezkerra}};"Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)}};"People's Coalition (Spain)}};"Communist Party of the Basque Country}};"Democratic and Social Centre (Spain)}};"
**1984 regional election**26 Feb 1984**28.5**9.915.65.4–6.30.9–31.5Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"12.9
ECO/CIS20 Feb 19841,506**33.0**13.012.08.0–3.01.0–17.012.0Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"20.0
Emopública/El País13–16 Feb 19841,200**32.3**9.511.67.2–1.3––21.38.6Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"20.7
title=Preelectoral País Vasco 1984 (IV) (Estudio nº 1393. Febrero 1984)url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/1380_1399/1393/es1393mar.pdflanguage=eswork=CISdate=10 February 1984}}10 Feb 19842,900**24.4**9.313.56.2–3.11.4–31.510.1Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"10.9
title=Sondeo pre-electoral País Vasco (Febrero 1984. E. 1.388)url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/1380_1399/1388/Es1388mar_s.pdflanguage=eswork=CISdate=1 February 1984}}1 Feb 19841,999**37.0**8.011.08.0–1.01.0–26.09.0Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"26.0
AP30 Jan 1984?**32.4**13.013.77.3–6.5––22.0Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"18.7
title=Sondeo preelectoral País Vasco (Enero 1984. E. 1387)url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/1380_1399/1387/Es1387mar_s.pdflanguage=eswork=CISdate=27 January 1984}}25–27 Jan 19841,515**32.0**9.011.08.0–1.01.0–23.014.0Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"21.0
title=Estudio 1.378 ("País Vasco". Diciembre 1983)url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/1360_1379/1378/Es1378marPaisVasco_s.pdflanguage=eswork=CISdate=1 November 1983}}1 Nov 19831,500**28.0**9.013.06.0–4.01.0–26.013.0Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"15.0
title=Resultados sondeo País Vasco. Estudio nº 1367url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/1360_1379/1367/Es1367mar_s.pdflanguage=eswork=CISdate=1 September 1983}}1 Sep 19833,000**28.0**8.017.06.0–3.02.0–26.010.0Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"11.0
**[1983 foral elections](1983-basque-foral-elections)**8 May 1983**25.2**9.116.85.0–5.61.30.235.4Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"8.4
**1983 local elections**8 May 1983**25.0**8.716.44.7–5.01.30.335.3Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"8.6
**1982 general election**28 Oct 1982**24.7**11.422.76.09.0*1.41.420.7Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"2.0
**[1980 regional election](1980-basque-regional-election-results)**9 Mar 1980**22.5**9.88.45.85.02.82.4–40.2Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"12.7
(*) Results for AP–PDP–PDL–UCD.
(**) Results for People's Alliance.

Victory likelihood

The table below lists opinion polling on the perceived likelihood of victory for each party in the event of a regional election taking place.

Polling firm/CommissionerFieldwork dateSample sizePNV[[File:Batasuna.svg28pxlink=Herri BatasunaHB]][[File:Logo PSOE, 1976-2001.svg17pxlink=Socialist Party of the Basque CountryPSE–PSOE]][[File:Logo-EE.svg18pxlink=Euskadiko EzkerraEE]][[File:Coalicion Popular logo.png35pxlink=People's Coalition (Spain)AP–PDP–UL]][[File:Logotipopce.svg30pxlink=Communist Party of the Basque CountryPCE/EPK]]Other/
NoneLeadBasque Nationalist Party}};"Herri Batasuna}};"Socialist Party of the Basque Country}};"Euskadiko Ezkerra}};"People's Coalition (Spain)}};"Communist Party of the Basque Country}};"
CIS10 Feb 19842,900**56.8**2.512.10.91.20.30.026.2Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"44.7
Alef/CIS1 Feb 19841,999**82.0**–6.0–––1.010.0Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"76.0
ECO/CIS1 Nov 19831,500**60.0**–14.0–––5.021.0Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"46.0
Aryo/CIS1 Sep 19833,000**74.0**–13.0–––2.012.0Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"61.0

Preferred Lehendakari

The table below lists opinion polling on leader preferences to become Lehendakari.

Polling firm/CommissionerFieldwork dateSample size[[File:Carlos Garaikoetxea 1979 (cropped).jpg50px]][[File:Portrait placeholder.svg50px]][[File:Txiki Benegas 1979 (cropped).jpg50px]][[File:Portrait placeholder.svg50px]][[File:Jaime Mayor Oreja 2015b (cropped).jpg50px]]Other/
None/
Not
careLeadBasque Nationalist Party}};"Herri Batasuna}};"Socialist Party of the Basque Country}};"Euskadiko Ezkerra}};"People's Coalition (Spain)}};"Garaiko.
EAJ/PNVBrouard
HBBenegas
PSE–PSOEOnaindia
EEM. Oreja
CP
ECO/CIS20 Feb 19841,506**41.0**9.013.09.02.017.09.0Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"28.0
CIS10 Feb 19842,900**39.5**–20.7–––39.9Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"18.8
Alef/CIS1 Feb 19841,999**65.0**–16.0–––18.0Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"49.0
ECO/CIS25–27 Jan 19841,515**55.0**–14.0––18.013.0Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"41.0
CIS1 Nov 19831,500**41.0**–19.0–––40.0Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"22.0
Aryo/CIS1 Sep 19833,000**48.0**–19.0–––35.0Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"29.0

Results

Overall

Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeatsVotes%±ppTotal+/−
Basque Nationalist Party}}"Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)451,17841.81+3.86**32**+7
Socialist Party of the Basque Country}}"Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE)247,78622.96+8.80**19**+10
Herri Batasuna}}"Popular Unity (HB)157,38914.59−1.89**11**±0
People's Coalition (Spain)}}"People's Coalition (AP–PDP–UL)1100,5819.32+4.56**7**+5
Euskadiko Ezkerra}}"Basque Country Left (EE)85,6717.94−1.84**6**±0
Communist Party of the Basque Country}}"Communist Party of the Basque Country (PCE/EPK)14,9851.39−2.620−1
Auzolan}}"Neighborhood Labor (Auzolan)210,7140.99−0.760±0
Left Socialist Candidacy (CSI)2,5070.23*New*0±0
Workers' Socialist Party (Spain)}}"Workers' Socialist Party (PST)2,1730.20−0.030±0
Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) (historical)}}"Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) (PCE (m–l))1,0440.10*New*0±0
Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)}}"Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD)*n/a**n/a*−8.490−6
Blank ballots5,0290.47+0.08
Total1,079,05775+15
Valid votes1,079,05799.42+0.41
Invalid votes6,2470.58−0.41
Votes cast / turnout1,085,30468.49+8.73
Abstentions499,23631.51−8.73
Registered voters1,584,540
Sources
{{hiddenta1=lefttitle=Footnotes:content={{ubl1 People's Coalition results are compared to People's Alliance totals in the 1980 election.2 Auzolan results are compared to the combined totals of Communist Movement of the Basque Country and Revolutionary Communist League in the 1980 election.}}}}

Distribution by constituency

ConstituencyPNVPSEHBCPEEBasque Nationalist Party}}"Socialist Party of the Basque Country}}"Herri Batasuna}}"People's Coalition (Spain)}}"Euskadiko Ezkerra}}"%S%S%S%S%SSources
ÁlavaBasque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"35.5**9**25.1**7**10.8**3**16.2**4**7.7**2**
BiscayBasque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"43.8**12**23.1**6**12.9**3**9.4**2**7.4**2**
GuipúzcoaBasque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"40.8**11**22.1**6**18.7**5**6.8**1**8.9**2**
**Total**Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"41.8**32**23.0**19**14.6**11**9.3**7**7.9**6**

Aftermath

Ballot →11 April 198412 April 1984Required majority →Basque Nationalist Party}};"
38 out of 75Simple
{{Collapsible listtitle = Carlos Garaikoetxea (PNV)• PNV (32)
{{Collapsible listtitle = Abstentions/Blank ballots• PSE (19)• AP–PDP–UL (7)• EE (6)
{{Collapsible listtitle = Absentees• HB (11)
Sources

Notes

References

;Opinion poll sources

;Other

References

  1. (18 December 1979). ["[Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country".
  2. (25 November 1983). "Ley 28/1983, de 25 de noviembre, de Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco".
  3. (18 March 1977). "Real Decreto-ley 20/1977, de 18 de marzo, sobre Normas Electorales".
  4. (30 June 1981). "Government Law of 1981".
  5. "Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco / Eusko Legebilitzarra (1980 - 2020)".
  6. "Election Results Archive". Basque Government.
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