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1998 Basque regional election

Election in the Spanish region of the Basque Country

Field	Value
election_name	1998 Basque regional election
country	Basque Country
type	parliamentary
ongoing	no
previous_election	1994 Basque regional election
previous_year	1994
next_election	2001 Basque regional election
next_year	2001
seats_for_election	All 75 seats in the Basque Parliament
majority_seats	38
opinion_polls	#Opinion polls
registered	1,821,608 4.1%
turnout	1,275,008 (70.0%)
10.3 pp
election_date	25 October 1998
image1	[[File:Juan José Ibarretxe 2007 (cropped).jpg	170x170px]]
leader1	Juan José Ibarretxe
party1	Basque Nationalist Party
leader_since1	31 January 1998
leaders_seat1	Álava
last_election1	22 seats, 29.3%
seats1	21
seat_change1	1
popular_vote1	350,322
percentage1	27.6%
swing1	1.7 pp
image2	[[File:Carlos Iturgaiz en un mitin del PP en Las Arenas (cropped - b).jpg	170x170px]]
leader2	Carlos Iturgaiz
party2	People's Party of the Basque Country
leader_since2	5 October 1996
leaders_seat2	Biscay
last_election2	11 seats, 14.2%
seats2	16
seat_change2	5
popular_vote2	251,743
percentage2	19.9%
swing2	5.7 pp
image3	[[File:Arnaldo Otegi 2006 (cropped).jpg	170x170px]]
leader3	Arnaldo Otegi
party3	Euskal Herritarrok
leader_since3	14 February 1998
leaders_seat3	Guipúzcoa
last_election3	11 seats, 16.0%
seats3	14
seat_change3	3
popular_vote3	224,001
percentage3	17.7%
swing3	1.7 pp
image4	[[File:Nicolás Redondo Terreros 2016 (cropped).jpg	170x170px]]
leader4	Nicolás Redondo
party4	PSE–EE (PSOE)
leader_since4	20 October 1997
leaders_seat4	Biscay
last_election4	12 seats, 16.8%
seats4	14
seat_change4	2
popular_vote4	220,052
percentage4	17.4%
swing4	0.6 pp
image5	[[File:Carlos Garaikoetxea 1979 (cropped).jpg	170x170px]]
leader5	Carlos Garaikoetxea
party5	Eusko Alkartasuna
leader_since5	4 September 1986
leaders_seat5	Guipúzcoa
last_election5	8 seats, 10.1%
seats5	6
seat_change5	2
popular_vote5	108,635
percentage5	8.6%
swing5	1.5 pp
image6	[[File:Javier Madrazo 2007 (cropped).jpg	170x170px]]
leader6	Javier Madrazo
party6	IU/EB
leader_since6	14 May 1994
leaders_seat6	Biscay
last_election6	6 seats, 9.0%
seats6	2
seat_change6	4
popular_vote6	71,064
percentage6	5.6%
swing6	3.4 pp
map	{{Switcher
title	Lehendakari
before_election	José Antonio Ardanza
before_party	Basque Nationalist Party
after_election	Juan José Ibarretxe
after_party	Basque Nationalist Party

10.3 pp

A regional election was held in the Basque Country on Sunday, 25 October 1998, to elect the 6th Parliament of the autonomous community. All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election.

The Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) won 21 seats, the People's Party (PP) came second for the first time with 16 seats, the Basque Citizens (EH) coalition and the Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE) won 14 seats each.

Overview

Electoral system

The Basque Parliament was the devolved, unicameral legislature of the autonomous community of the Basque Country, having legislative power in regional matters as defined by the Spanish Constitution and the Basque Statute of Autonomy, as well as the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a lehendakari. Voting for the Parliament was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over 18 years of age, registered in the Basque Country and in full enjoyment of their political rights.

The 75 members of the Basque Parliament were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of five percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Seats were allocated to constituencies, corresponding to the provinces of Álava, Biscay and Guipúzcoa, with each being allocated a fixed number of 25 seats in order to provide for an equal parliamentary representation of the three provinces, as required under the regional statute of autonomy.

Election date

The term of the Basque Parliament expired four years after the date of its previous election, unless it was dissolved earlier. The election decree was required to be issued no later than the twenty-fifth day prior to the date of expiry of parliament and published on the following day in the Official Gazette of the Basque Country (BOPV), with election day taking place on the fifty-fourth day from publication. The previous election was held on 23 October 1994, which meant that the legislature's term would have expired on 23 October 1998. The election decree was required to be published in the BOPV no later than 29 September 1998, with the election taking place on the fifty-fourth day from publication, setting the latest possible election date for the Parliament on Sunday, 22 November 1998.

The lehendakari had the prerogative to dissolve the Basque Parliament at any given time and call a snap election, provided that no motion of no confidence was in process. In the event of an investiture process failing to elect a lehendakari within a sixty-day period from the Parliament re-assembly, the Parliament was to be dissolved and a fresh election called.

Parties and candidates

The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.

Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election:

Candidacy	Parties and
alliances	Leading candidate	Ideology	Previous result	Gov.	Ref.	Vote %	Seats
Basque Nationalist Party}}"		EAJ/PNV	{{Collapsible list	title = List	bullets = on	Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)	[[File:Juan José Ibarretxe 2007 (cropped).jpg	50px]]	Juan José Ibarretxe	Basque nationalism
Christian democracy
Conservative liberalism
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left}}"		**PSE–EE
(PSOE)**	{{Collapsible list	title = List	bullets = on	Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))	[[File:Nicolás Redondo Terreros 2016 (cropped).jpg	50px]]	Nicolás Redondo	Social democracy
Euskal Herritarrok}}"		EH	{{Collapsible list	title = List	bullets = on	Popular Unity (HB)
– Basque Nationalist Action (EAE/ANV)	Stand Up (Zutik)	[[File:Arnaldo Otegi 2006 (cropped).jpg	50px]]	Arnaldo Otegi
People's Party of the Basque Country}}"		PP	{{Collapsible list	title = List	bullets = on	People's Party (PP)	[[File:Carlos Iturgaiz en un mitin del PP en Las Arenas (cropped - b).jpg	50px]]	Carlos Iturgaiz	Conservatism
Christian democracy
Eusko Alkartasuna}}"		EA	{{Collapsible list	title = List	bullets = on	Eusko Alkartasuna (EA)	[[File:Carlos Garaikoetxea 1979 (cropped).jpg	50px]]	Carlos Garaikoetxea	Basque nationalism
Social democracy
Ezker Batua}}"		IU/EB	{{Collapsible list	title = List	bullets = on	United Left (IU/EB)	[[File:Javier Madrazo 2007 (cropped).jpg	50px]]	Javier Madrazo	Socialism
Communism
Alavese Unity}}"		UA	{{Collapsible list	title = List	bullets = on	Alavese Unity (UA)	[[File:Portrait placeholder.svg	50px]]	Pablo Mosquera	Alavese regionalism
Christian democracy

Opinion polls

The table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font; 38 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Basque Parliament.

;Color key:

Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size	Turnout	[[File:Isotipo EAJ-PNV (1992).svg	28px	link=Basque Nationalist Party	PNV]]	[[File:Logo PSOE, 1976-2001.svg	17px	link=Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left	PSE–EE (PSOE)]]	[[File:Batasuna.svg	23px	link=Herri Batasuna	HB]]
[[File:Logotipo de Euskal Herritarrok.svg	23px	link=Euskal Herritarrok	EH]]	[[File:People's Party (Spain) Logo (1993-2000).svg	27px	link=People's Party of the Basque Country	PP]]	[[File:EA logo (1986–2008).svg	21px	link=Eusko Alkartasuna	EA]]	[[File:Logo-izquierda-unida2.png	25px	link=Ezker Batua	IU/EB]]	[[File:Unidad Alavesa.svg	35px	link=Alavese Unity	UA]]	Lead	Basque Nationalist Party}};"	Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left}};"	Euskal Herritarrok}};"	People's Party of the Basque Country}};"	Eusko Alkartasuna}};"	Ezker Batua}};"	Alavese Unity}};"
1998 regional election	25 Oct 1998		70.0		27.6
17.4
17.7
19.9
8.6
5.6
1.2
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	7.7
title=Primeros sondeos tras el cierre de los colegios electorales	url=https://www.elmundo.es/nacional/elecciones/paisvasco/sondeos.html	language=es	work=El Mundo	date=25 October 1998}}	25 Oct 1998	21,000	?		28.9
16.0
20.9
14.7
8.6
6.2
1.0
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	8.0
Sondaxe/Tele 5	25 Oct 1998	2,250	?		?
?
?
?
?
?
?
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	?
Sigma Dos/Antena 3	25 Oct 1998	?	?		?
?
?
?
?
?
?
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	?
title=El 44% de los vascos oculta su voto	url=https://elpais.com/diario/1998/10/18/espana/908661601_850215.html	language=es	work=El País	date=18 October 1998}}	18 Oct 1998	?	65–67		30.4
17.4
15.8
16.8
9.7
8.7
1.2
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	13.0
title=PP y EH se disputan el segundo puesto en las elecciones vascas	url=https://www.elmundo.es/1998/10/18/espana/18N0042.html	archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010113104100/https://www.elmundo.es/1998/10/18/espana/18N0042.html	url-status=dead	archive-date=13 January 2001	language=es	work=El Mundo	date=18 October 1998}}	14–16 Oct 1998	1,000	?		30.2
14.7
16.6
17.8
9.9
7.8
1.5
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	12.4
title=Estancamiento de los nacionalistas de PNV, EH y EA, que obtendrían los mismos escaños que en 1994	url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1998/10/18/029.html	language=es	work=ABC	date=18 October 1998}}	9–14 Oct 1998	1,506	76.0		30.8
18.6
15.3
15.4
9.5
8.3
0.9
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	12.2
Ábaco/Tele 5	13 Oct 1998	?	?		?
?
?
?
?
?
?
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	?
title=Los no nacionalistas ganan posiciones	url=http://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com/preview/1998/10/17/pagina-11/33875839/pdf.html	language=es	work=La Vanguardia	date=17 October 1998}}	12–13 Oct 1998	1,500	70		29.0
19.0
15.0
18.0
9.0
7.0
1.0
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	10.0
title=PSE y PP aumentan su expectativa de voto y bajan PNV, EA y UA	url=https://w390w.gipuzkoa.net/WAS/CORP/DKPAtzokoPrentsaWEB/verPDF.do?identificador=555715;1998;10;18;1	language=es	work=El Correo	date=18 October 1998}}	8–12 Oct 1998	4,650	?		27.2
19.5
14.9
17.1
8.4
8.4
1.3
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	7.7
title=Duelo nacionalistas-no nacionalistas	url=http://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com/preview/1998/10/09/pagina-11/34600802/pdf.html	language=es	work=La Vanguardia	date=9 October 1998}}	9 Oct 1998	?	?		?
?
?
?
?
?
?
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	?
title=Últimas previsiones de voto para Elecciones Autonómicas-98 (Octubre 1998)	url=http://www.euskadi.eus/contenidos/documentacion/o_a987prev/es_a987prev/adjuntos/a987prev.pdf	language=es	work=Basque Government	date=16 October 1998}}	2–9 Oct 1998	2,000	66.0		29.0
16.1
18.4
15.3
9.7
8.5
1.4
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	10.6
title=Preelectoral del País Vasco. Elecciones Autonómicas 1998 (Estudio nº 2304. Septiembre-Octubre 1998)	url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/2300_2319/2304/e230400.html	language=es	work=CIS	date=16 October 1998}}	25 Sep–8 Oct 1998	2,097	64.7		29.3
18.4
16.1
16.7
8.7
7.7
1.4
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	10.9
title=Un debate electoral sobre política social y empleo reúne por primera vez a PP y EH	url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1998/10/10/024.html	language=es	work=ABC	date=10 October 1998}}	6–7 Oct 1998	1,354	?		?
?
?
?
?
?
?
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	?
title=Previsiones de voto para Elecciones Autonómicas-98 (Octubre 1998)	url=http://www.euskadi.eus/contenidos/documentacion/o_a986prev/es_a986prev/adjuntos/a986prev.pdf	language=es	work=Basque Government	date=8 October 1998}}	21–26 Sep 1998	2,000	67.0		29.4
15.9
17.7
15.3
9.9
8.7
1.5
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	11.7
title=Previsiones de voto para Elecciones Autonómicas-98 (Septiembre 1998)	url=http://www.euskadi.eus/contenidos/documentacion/o_a985prev/es_a985prev/adjuntos/a985prev.pdf	language=es	work=Basque Government	date=25 September 1998}}	7–15 Sep 1998	2,000	65.0		29.6
16.5
15.8
15.5
10.0
9.3
1.5
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	13.1
title=El PP se perfila por escaso margen como segunda fuerza del País Vasco	url=https://www.elmundo.es/1998/09/09/	language=es	work=El Mundo	date=9 September 1998}}	28 Aug–3 Sep 1998	900	?		30.0
16.2
15.2
16.5
9.2
9.1
2.0
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	13.5
title=El incremento del voto beneficia a los partidos no nacionalistas, pero se mantiene el empate técnico	url=https://elpais.com/diario/1998/09/12/paisvasco/905629201_850215.html	language=es	work=El País	date=12 September 1998}}	1–15 Jun 1998	1,400	64		29.0
21.0
13.0
17.0
9.0
7.0
1.0
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	8.0
title=PSE y PP consolidan su avance	url=https://w390w.gipuzkoa.net/WAS/CORP/DKPAtzokoPrentsaWEB/verPDF.do?identificador=555715;1998;6;21;1	language=es	work=El Correo	date=21 June 1998}}	4–9 Jun 1998	2,625	?		28.3
20.1
12.6
17.4
7.7
8.8
1.1
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	8.2
title=Previsiones de voto para Elecciones Autonómicas (Junio 1998)	url=http://www.euskadi.eus/contenidos/documentacion/o_sv7prev/es_sv7prev/adjuntos/sv7prev.pdf	language=es	work=Basque Government	date=23 June 1998}}	11–20 May 1998	2,846	62.5		29.5
17.0
14.9
16.0
10.0
9.1
1.4
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	12.5
title=El PNV mantiene la primacía pese al alza de PP y PSOE en el País Vasco	url=http://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com/preview/1998/05/20/pagina-11/33806327/pdf.html	language=es	work=La Vanguardia	date=20 May 1998}}	6–31 Mar 1998	2,099	61.4		29.2
18.4
15.3
16.5
9.7
7.6
1.5
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	10.8
title=PP y PSE refuerzan su apoyo electoral	url=https://w390w.gipuzkoa.net/WAS/CORP/DKPAtzokoPrentsaWEB/verPDF.do?identificador=555715;1998;3;29;1	language=es	work=El Correo	date=29 March 1998}}	6–13 Mar 1998	2,636	?		26.6
20.0
12.2
18.6
7.4
9.0
1.4
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	6.6
title=Previsiones de voto para Elecciones Autonómicas-98 (Marzo 1998)	url=http://www.euskadi.eus/contenidos/documentacion/o_a983prev/es_a983prev/adjuntos/a983prev.pdf	language=es	work=Basque Government	date=3 March 1998}}	30 Jan–7 Feb 1998	1,500	65.0		29.6
16.6
14.4
16.4
10.2
9.1
1.3
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	13.0
title=Virtual empate entre partidos estatales y nacionalistas ante las elecciones vascas	url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1997/11/09/031.html	language=es	work=ABC	date=10 November 1997}}	9 Nov 1997	2,682	?		29.6
19.2
12.0
16.7
8.1
7.5
1.3
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	10.4
title=Un sondeo coloca al PP vasco como segunda fuerza	url=http://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com/preview/1997/10/15/pagina-16/34620433/pdf.html	language=es	work=La Vanguardia	date=15 October 1997}}	16–24 Sep 1997	?	66.0		29.9
16.6
14.0
16.2
10.2
9.0
1.4
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	13.3
title=El PP pasaría a ser el segundo partido más votado de Euskadi	url=https://www.elmundo.es/1997/07/20/espana/20N0019.html	archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20011122211306/https://www.elmundo.es/1997/07/20/espana/20N0019.html	url-status=dead	archive-date=22 November 2001	language=es	work=El Mundo	date=20 July 1997}}	16–17 Jul 1997	800	?		32.5	15.6	12.9	17.9	9.7	8.8	2.2	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	14.6
CPS/EHU	8 Jun 1997	1,400	?		29.1
18.5
12.5
14.0
9.2
9.4
2.0
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	10.6
title=Un sondeo electoral del Gobierno vasco sitúa al PP como la segunda fuerza en la Comunidad	url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/sevilla/abc.sevilla/1997/03/26/024.html	language=es	work=ABC Sevilla	date=26 March 1997}}	25 Mar 1997	?	64.0		29.6
16.8
13.7
15.6
10.1
9.8
1.5
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	12.8
1996 general election	3 Mar 1996		71.5		25.0
23.7
12.3
18.3
8.2
9.2
–	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	1.3
[1995 foral elections](1995-basque-foral-elections)	28 May 1995		63.9		28.4
16.7
14.4
15.5
10.9
8.1
2.1
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	11.7
1995 local elections	28 May 1995		64.0		27.9	16.9	14.4	14.4	10.6	7.2	1.9	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	11.0
[1994 regional election](1994-basque-regional-election)	23 Oct 1994		59.7		29.3
16.8
16.0
14.2
10.1
9.0
2.7
Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	12.5

Results

Overall

Parties and alliances	Popular vote	Seats	Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
Basque Nationalist Party}}"		Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)	350,322	27.62	−1.70	21	−1
People's Party of the Basque Country}}"		People's Party (PP)	251,743	19.85	+5.69	16	+5
Euskal Herritarrok}}"		Basque Citizens (EH)1	224,001	17.66	+1.65	14	+3
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left}}"		Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))	220,052	17.35	+0.52	14	+2
Eusko Alkartasuna}}"		Basque Solidarity (EA)	108,635	8.57	−1.56	6	−2
Ezker Batua}}"		United Left (IU/EB)	71,064	5.60	−3.39	2	−4
Alavese Unity}}"		Alavese Unity (UA)	15,738	1.24	−1.44	2	−3
Natural Law Party (Spain)}}"		Natural Law Party (PLN/LNA)	4,858	0.38	New	0	±0
Humanist Party (Spain)}}"		Humanist Party (PH)	3,288	0.26	New	0	±0
Confederation of the Greens}}"		Basque Country Greens (EHB)	864	0.07	New	0	±0
Blank ballots	17,641	1.39	−0.35
Total	1,268,206		75	±0
Valid votes	1,268,206	99.47	+0.06
Invalid votes	6,802	0.53	−0.06
Votes cast / turnout	1,275,008	69.99	+10.30
Abstentions	546,600	30.01	−10.30
Registered voters	1,821,608
Sources
{{hidden	ta1=left	title=Footnotes:	content={{ubl	1 Basque Citizens results are compared to Popular Unity totals in the 1994 election.}}}}

Distribution by constituency

Constituency	PNV	PP	EH	PSE–EE	EA	IU/EB	UA	Basque Nationalist Party}}"		People's Party of the Basque Country}}"		Euskal Herritarrok}}"		Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left}}"
Álava	21.6	6	People's Party of the Basque Country}}; color:white;"	26.7	7	12.1	3	16.8	5	6.3	1	5.6	1	8.4	2
Biscay	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	32.6	9	20.2	5	14.6	4	18.3	5	6.0	1	6.2	1	0.1	–
Guipúzcoa	21.7	6	16.4	4	Euskal Herritarrok}}; color:white;"	25.2	7	16.0	4	13.9	4	4.6	–	0.1	–
Total	Basque Nationalist Party}}; color:white;"	27.6	21	19.9	16	17.7	14	17.4	14	8.6	6	5.6	2	1.2	2

Aftermath

Ballot →	29 December 1998	Required majority →	Basque Nationalist Party}};"
38 out of 75
{{Collapsible list	title = Juan José Ibarretxe (PNV)	• PNV (21)	• EH (13)	• EA (6)
{{Collapsible list	title = Carlos Iturgaiz (PP)	• PP (16)	• UA (2)
{{Collapsible list	title = Abstentions/Blank ballots	• PSE–EE (13)	• IU/EB (2)
{{Collapsible list	title = Absentees	• EH (1)	• PSE–EE (1)
Sources

Notes

References

;Opinion poll sources

;Other

References

(18 December 1979). ["[Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country".
(15 June 1990). "Ley 5/1990, de 15 de junio, de Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco".
(30 June 1981). "Ley 7/1981, de 30 de junio, sobre Ley de Gobierno".
(19 June 1985). "Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General".
"Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco / Eusko Legebilitzarra (1980 - 2020)".
"Election Results Archive". Basque Government.

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1998-in-the-basque-country-(autonomous-community) 1998-regional-elections-in-spain regional-elections-in-the-basque-country-(autonomous-community) october-1998-in-spain

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