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1st Cavalry Brigade (United Kingdom)

1st Cavalry Brigade (United Kingdom)
FieldValue
unit_name1st Cavalry Brigade
dates1815
1899–1902
1914–1919
countryUKGBI
branch
typeCavalry
sizeBrigade
command_structure[1st Cavalry Division](1st-cavalry-division-united-kingdom) (World War I)
battlesNapoleonic Wars
notable_commandersLord Edward Somerset
Baker Russell
John French, 1st Earl of Ypres
Julian Byng, 1st Viscount Byng of Vimy
Hew Dalrymple Fanshawe
Charles James Briggs
Horace Sewell

1899–1902 1914–1919 :Battle of Waterloo Anglo-Egyptian War (1882)

Second Boer War :Battle of Paardeberg World War I :Western Front Baker Russell John French, 1st Earl of Ypres Julian Byng, 1st Viscount Byng of Vimy Hew Dalrymple Fanshawe Charles James Briggs Horace Sewell The 1st Cavalry Brigade was a brigade of the British Army. It served in the Napoleonic Wars (1st Household Cavalry Brigade), the Anglo-Egyptian War (1st (Heavy) Cavalry Brigade), the Boer War and in the First World War when it was assigned to the 1st Cavalry Division.

Prior to World War I the brigade was based at Aldershot in England and originally consisted of three cavalry regiments, and a Royal Engineers signal troop. After the declaration of war in August 1914, the brigade was deployed to the Western Front in France, where an artillery battery joined the brigade the following September and a Machine Gun Squadron in February 1916.

One of the brigade's early battles was the action at Néry on 1 September 1914 when, acting alone, the brigade defeated the German 4th Cavalry Division. As a result of this action three men from the artillery battery – Captain Edward Bradbury, Sergeant-Major George Dorrell and Sergeant David Nelson – were awarded the Victoria Cross.

History

Napoleonic Wars

Life Guards (left) and Horse Guards (right) charging.

From June 1809, Wellington organized his cavalry into one, later two, cavalry divisions (1st and 2nd) for the Peninsular War. These performed a purely administrative, rather than tactical, role; the normal tactical headquarters were provided by brigades commanding two, later usually three, regiments. The cavalry brigades were named for the commanding officer, rather than numbered. For the Hundred Days Campaign, he numbered his British cavalry brigades in a single sequence, 1st to 7th. The 1st Cavalry Brigade consisted of:

Anglo-Egyptian War

Second Boer War

The brigade was reformed for the Second Boer War. During the Battle of Paardeberg, the brigade commanded:

Following the end of the Second Boer War in 1902 the army was restructured, and the 1st Cavalry Brigade was established at Aldershot (South Cavalry Barracks) attached to the 1st Army Corps. Brigadier-General Henry Scobell was appointed in command from 1 April 1903.

First World War

Men of the machine gun section of the 11th Hussars in the trenches at Zillebeke during the winter of 1914–1915.

Commanders

The commanders of the 1st Cavalry Brigade during the First World War were:

  • Brigadier-General C. J. Briggs (At mobilization)
  • Lieutenant-Colonel T. T. Pitman (7 May 1915 - acting)
  • Brigadier-General E. Makins (15 May 1915)
  • Brigadier-General H. S. Sewell (16 April 1918)

Notes

References

Bibliography

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References

  1. "World War One — Part 1". 1st Queens Dragoon Guards.
  2. "1st Cavalry Division". The Long Long Trail.
  3. {{harvnb. Reid. 2004
  4. {{harvnb. Haythornthwaite. 1990
  5. {{harvnb. Reid. 2004
  6. {{harvnb. Reid. 2004
  7. {{harvnb. Reid. 2004
  8. {{harvnb. Reid. 2004
  9. {{harvnb. Reid. 2004
  10. "The Anglo-Allied Army at napoleonic-literature.com".
  11. "Wellington's Army in 1815".
  12. "Wellington's Army in 1815". napolun.com.
  13. "Battle of Paardenburg". British Battles.com.
  14. {{harvnb. Clarke. 1993
  15. (7 October 1902). "Naval & Military intelligence - The 1st Army Corps".
  16. (17 January 1903). "Important Military Appointments".
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cavalry-brigades-of-the-british-army military-units-and-formations-established-in-1815 military-units-and-formations-disestablished-in-1815 military-units-and-formations-established-in-1899 military-units-and-formations-disestablished-in-1902 military-units-and-formations-established-in-1914 military-units-and-formations-disestablished-in-1919
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