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1994 European Parliament election in Portugal
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| Field | Value | |
|---|---|---|
| election_name | 1994 European Parliament election in Portugal | |
| country | Portugal | |
| type | Parliamentary | |
| previous_election | 1989 European Parliament election in Portugal | |
| previous_year | 1989 | |
| next_election | 1999 European Parliament election in Portugal | |
| next_year | 1999 | |
| seats_for_election | 25 seats to the European Parliament | |
| election_date | 12 June 1994 | |
| turnout | 35.5% 15.6 pp | |
| image1 | ||
| leader1 | António Vitorino | |
| party1 | Socialist Party (Portugal) | |
| alliance1 | Party of European Socialists | |
| last_election1 | 7 seats, 28.5% | |
| seats1 | **10** | |
| seat_change1 | 3 | |
| popular_vote1 | **1,061,560** | |
| percentage1 | **34.9%** | |
| swing1 | 6.3 pp | |
| image2 | ||
| leader2 | Eurico de Melo | |
| party2 | Social Democratic Party (Portugal) | |
| alliance2 | European People's Party | |
| last_election2 | 9 seats, 32.8% | |
| seats2 | 9 | |
| seat_change2 | 0 | |
| popular_vote2 | 1,046,918 | |
| percentage2 | 34.4% | |
| swing2 | 1.6 pp | |
| image4 | ||
| leader4 | Manuel Monteiro | |
| party4 | CDS – People's Party | |
| alliance4 | European Democratic Alliance | |
| last_election4 | 3 seats, 14.2% | |
| seats4 | 3 | |
| seat_change4 | 0 | |
| popular_vote4 | 379,044 | |
| percentage4 | 12.5% | |
| swing4 | 1.7 pp | |
| image5 | [[File:PCP-PEV.svg | 90px]] |
| leader5 | Luis Manuel de Sá | |
| party5 | CDU | |
| color5 | DA251E | |
| alliance5 | European United Left–Nordic Green Left | |
| last_election5 | 4 seats, 14.4% | |
| seats5 | 3 | |
| seat_change5 | 1 | |
| popular_vote5 | 340,725 | |
| percentage5 | 11.2% | |
| swing5 | 3.2 pp | |
| map_size | 200px |
An election of MEP representing Portugal constituency for the 1994-1999 term of the European Parliament was held on 12 June 1994. It was part of the wider 1994 European election.
In the closest nationwide election in Portuguese history, the Socialist Party (PS) polled just less than 0.5 percent ahead of the Social Democrats (PSD). Nonetheless, it was a very strong performance from the Socialists, as they gained 6 percent more than in 1989, and also won three more MEP. It was also the first nationwide election victory for the PS since the 1983 general elections. At that time, the PSD was in government for nearly 9 years, under Prime Minister Cavaco Silva, but the party suffered little wear. The Social Democrats won 34.4 percent of the votes, a gain of more than 1.5 compared with 1989, and were able to hold on to the 9 seats they won in 1989.
The People's Party (CDS–PP), although losing some ground, was able to win back 3rd place with a very nationalist and anti-Europe speech. The CDS–PP won 12.5 percent of the votes, a drop of almost 2 percent, but maintained their 3 seats. The Democratic Unity Coalition (CDU) had a very poor performance, falling to 4th place, and losing both share of vote and seats. The Communist/Green alliance won just 11 percent of the votes, a drop of 3 percent, and lost one seat from the Ecologist Party "The Greens".
Turnout fell to all-time low levels, with just 35.5 percent of voters casting a ballot.
Electoral system
The voting method used, for the election of European members of parliament, is by proportional representation using the d'Hondt method, which is known to benefit leading parties. In the 1994 EU elections, Portugal had 25 seats to be filled. Deputies are elected in a single constituency, corresponding to the entire national territory.
Parties and candidates
The major parties that partook in the election, and their EP list leaders, were:
- Democratic Unity Coalition (CDU), Luís Manuel de Sá
- Socialist Party (PS), António Vitorino
- Social Democratic Party (PSD), Eurico de Melo
- People's Party (CDS–PP), Manuel Monteiro
Campaign period
Party slogans
| Party or alliance | Original slogan | English translation | Refs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}}" | PSD | « Europa Sim, Portugal Sempre » | "Europe Yes, Portugal Always" | |
| Socialist Party (Portugal)}}" | PS | « Connosco na Europa, os Portugueses têm voz » | "With us in Europe, the Portuguese have a voice" | |
| Unitary Democratic Coalition}}" | CDU | « Vota CDU: é melhor para Portugal » | "Vote CDU: it's better for Portugal" | |
| CDS – People's Party}}" | CDS–PP | « Viva Portugal » | "Long live Portugal" |
Candidates' debates
| 1994 European Parliament election in Portugal debates | Date | Organisers | Moderator(s) | Present Absent invitee Non-invitee | PSD | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Melo | PS | ||||||||||||
| Vitorino | CDU | ||||||||||||
| Sá | CDS–PP | ||||||||||||
| Monteiro | Refs | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Socialist Party (Portugal)}};" | Unitary Democratic Coalition}};" | CDS – People's Party}};" | ||||||||
| 5 May | TSF | Maria Flor Pedroso | **P** | **P** | **P** | **P** |
Opinion polling
The following table shows the opinion polls of voting intention of the Portuguese voters before the election. Those parties that are listed were represented in the EU parliament (1989-1994). Included is also the result of the Portuguese EP elections in 1989 and 1994 for reference.
Note, until 2000, the publication of opinion polls in the last week of the campaign was forbidden.
| Polling firm/Link | Date Released | [[File:PSD (1987-1996).png | 35px | link=Social Democratic Party (Portugal) | PSD]] | PS | [[File:Logo of the Unitary Democratic Coalition.svg | 31px | link=Unitary Democratic Coalition | CDU]] | [[File:CDS-PP (1991-2009).png | 25px | link=CDS – People's Party | CDS–PP]] | O | Lead | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Socialist Party (Portugal)}};" | Democratic Unity Coalition}};" | CDS – People's Party}};" | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| **1994 EP election** | 12 Jun 1994 | 34.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| **34.9** | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 11.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 12.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 7.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| **0.5** | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| [Compta RH](https://arquivos.rtp.pt/conteudos/eleicoes-para-o-parlamento-europeu-parte-i/) | 12 Jun 1994 | 28.1–33.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| **35.3–40.3** | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 10.0–13.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 8.9–11.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Socialist Party (Portugal)}}; color:white;" | 7.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| [Euroteste](https://arquivos.rtp.pt/conteudos/sondagens-para-o-parlamento-europeu/) | 6 Jun 1994 | 31.0 | **32.4** | 11.2 | 10.3 | 15.1 | 1.4 | |||||||||||||||||
| [Norma](https://arquivos.rtp.pt/conteudos/sondagens-para-o-parlamento-europeu/) | 6 Jun 1994 | 28.6 | **33.0** | 10.1 | 10.6 | 17.7 | 4.4 | |||||||||||||||||
| [Euroexpansão](https://arquivos.rtp.pt/conteudos/sondagens-para-o-parlamento-europeu/) | 6 Jun 1994 | 28.2 | **39.5** | 7.2 | 7.8 | 17.3 | 11.3 | |||||||||||||||||
| [Euroexpansão](http://catalogolx.cm-lisboa.pt/ipac20/ipac.jsp?session=16U90Y92Q1707.93957&profile=rbml&source=~!rbml&view=subscriptionsummary&uri=full=3100024~!196878~!18&ri=1&aspect=subtab11&menu=search&ipp=20&spp=20&staffonly=&term=sondagem&index=.GW&uindex=&aspect=subtab11&menu=search&ri=1) | 21 May 1994 | 26.2 | **39.4** | 9.0 | 7.4 | 18.0 | 13.2 | |||||||||||||||||
| [Visão](https://repositorio.ipl.pt/bitstream/10400.21/2932/1/tese_doutoramento.pdf) | 12 May 1994 | 28.1 | **47.1** | 5.2 | 10.6 | 9.0 | 19.0 | |||||||||||||||||
| [**1989 EP election**](1989-european-parliament-election-in-portugal) | 18 Jun 1989 | **32.8** | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 28.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 14.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 14.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 10.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| **4.3** |
National summary of votes and seats
| - |
|---|
| ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:left;" colspan=2 |
| ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:left;" |
| party |
| ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:left;" |
| ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |
| ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |
| ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |
| ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |
| ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |
| - style="text-align:right;" |
| 1,061,560 |
| 34.87 |
| 6.33 |
| ! 10 |
| 3 |
| - style="text-align:right;" |
| 1,046,918 |
| 34.39 |
| 1.64 |
| ! 9 |
| 0 |
| - style="text-align:right;" |
| 379,044 |
| 12.45 |
| 1.71 |
| ! 3 |
| 0 |
| - style="text-align:right;" |
| • Communist Party (PCP) |
| • Ecologist Party (PEV) |
| ! 3 |
| 3 |
| 0 |
| 0 1 |- align="right" | 24,022 | 0.79 | 0.15 ! 0 | 0 |- align="right" | 18,884 | 0.62 | 0.46 ! 0 | 0 |- align="right" | 17,780 | 0.59 | 0.19 ! 0 | 0 |- style="text-align:right;" | 12,955 | 0.43 | new ! 0 | new |- style="text-align:right;" | 12,402 | 0.41 | new ! 0 | new |- align="right" | 11,214 | 0.37 | new ! 0 | new |- align="right" | 8,300 | 0.27 | 1.79 ! 0 | 0 |- align="right" | 7,127 | 0.23 | new ! 0 | new |- style="text-align:right;" | 5,941 | 0.20 | ! 0 | 1 |- align="right" | 2,893 | 0.10 | 0.17 ! 0 | 0 |- align="right" |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" | 2,949,765 | 96.90 |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" | 94,236 | 3.10 |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" | 3,044,001 | 100.00 | — ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|25 | **1 ** |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" | 8,565,822 | 35.54
| 15.56 |
|---|
| } |
Distribution by European group
| Groups | Parties | Seats | Total | % | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party of European Socialists}}" | Party of European Socialists (PES) | {{smalldiv | 10 | **10** | ||
| European People's Party}}" | European People's Party (EPP) | {{smalldiv | 9 | **9** | ||
| European United Left}}" | European United Left (EUL) | {{smalldiv | 3 | **3** | ||
| European Democratic Alliance}}" | European Democratic Alliance (EDA) | {{smalldiv | 3 | **3** | ||
| Total | 25 | 25 | 100.00 |
Maps
File:Pt euelection 1994.PNG|Most voted political force by district. (Azores and Madeira not shown) File:Europeias 1994.png|Strongest party by municipality.
Notes
| The Democratic Renewal Party (PRD) elected one MEP within the PS lists in 1989. The party contested the 1994 election alone.
References
References
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20070610104839/http://www.cne.pt/dl/ce_pe1994.pdf Comissão Nacional de Eleições - Deputados]
- (31 May 1994). "Campanha eleitoral do PSD para as eleições europeias". RTP.
- (20 May 1994). "Pré-campanha dos partidos para as eleições europeias". RTP.
- (31 May 1994). "Campanha eleitoral da CDU para as eleições europeias". RTP.
- (3 March 1994). "Campanha do CDS para o Parlamento Europeu". RTP.
- (5 May 1989). "Debate com candidatos ao Parlamento Europeu". RTP.
- (17 September 2003). "Restrições à publicação de sondagens políticas em períodos eleitorais". Marktest.
- (20 July 1991). "Lei n.º 31/91, de 20 de julho". Diário da República.
- (21 June 2000). "REGIME JURÍDICO DA PUBLICAÇÃO OU DIFUSÃO DE SONDAGENS E INQUÉRITOS DE OPINIÃO". Comissão Nacional de Eleições.
- . (). ["Elecciones al Parlamento Europeo: Resultados por países 1979 - 2014"](http://www.historiaelectoral.com/europa3.html).
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