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1994 European Parliament election

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Field	Value
election_name	1994 European Parliament election
country	European Union
type	legislative
ongoing	no
previous_election	1989 European Parliament election
previous_year	1989
next_election	1999 European Parliament election
next_year	1999
seats_for_election	All 567 seats to the European Parliament
majority_seats	285
turnout	56.8% 1.7 pp
election_date	9–12 June 1994
party1	Party of European Socialists
leader1	Pauline Green
image1	[[File:Pauline Green 1994.jpg	120x120px]]
leaders_seat1	London North
last_election1	180
seats1	198
seat_change1	18
party2	European People's Party
leader2	Wilfried Martens
leaders_seat2	Belgium (Dutch)
image2	[[File:Wilfried Martens.jpg	120x120px]]
last_election2	121
seats2	157
seat_change2	36
map_image	1994 European Parliament election, political grouping breakdown by countries.svg
map_size	400px
map_caption	Post-election composition of each member state's delegation
posttitle	President of the European Parliament after election
before_election	Egon Klepsch
before_party	EPP
after_election	Klaus Hänsch
after_party	PES

The 1994 European Parliamentary election was a European election held across the 12 European Union member states in June 1994.

This election saw the merge of the European People's Party and European Democrats, an increase in the overall number of seats (567 members were elected to the European Parliament) and a fall in overall turnout to 57%.

The five years which had passed since the previous election had seen enormous political upheavals across the continent. These changes included the end of communism in Europe, German reunification, the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the Velvet Divorce in Czechoslovakia and the breakup of Yugoslavia. The integration of five former East German states and Berlin into the Federal Republic of Germany had constituted the first physical expansion of the EC since 1986. The end of the Cold War meant three politically neutral states in Europe had begun a process of acceding to the EU that would culminate in the 1995 enlargement of the European Union. The EU itself had assumed its current name through adoption of the Treaty of Maastricht in 1993.

Results

European Parliament election, 1994 - Final results at 18–21 July 1994	Group	Description	Chaired by	MEPs
Social democrats	Pauline Green	198	[[Image:European Parliament Composition 1994.svg	400px]]
Conservatives and Christian democrats	Wilfried Martens	157
Liberals and liberal democrats	Gijs De Vries	43
Communists and the far left	Alonso José Puerta	28
Conservatives and Christian democrats	Giancarlo Ligabue	27
National conservatives	Jean-Claude Pasty	26
Greens	Alexander Langer
Claudia Roth	23
Radicals, social liberals and regionalists	Catherine Lalumière	19
Eurosceptics	James Goldsmith	19
Independents	none	27

Forza Italia was elected for the first time in 1994; it formed its own shortlived group, Forza Europa, before this merged with the European Democratic Alliance a year after the election to become the Group Union for Europe. In addition to Forza Europa, another new group was founded following the fall of the European Right group: the Europe of Nations Group (Coordination Group)—the first Eurosceptic group in the Parliament, which lasted until 1996.

Results by country

The national results as at 9–12 June 1994 are as follows:

GroupNation	PES	EPP	ELDR	EUL	FE	EDA	G	ERA	EN	NI	Total
[Belgium](1994-european-parliament-election-in-belgium)	3 PS
3 SP	4 CVP
2 PSC
1 CSP	3 VLD
3 PRL–FDF				1 ECOLO
1 AGALEV	1 VU		2 VB
1 FN	25
[Denmark](1994-european-parliament-election-in-denmark)	3 A	3 C	4 V
1 B				1 SF		2 J
2 N		16
[France](1994-european-parliament-election-in-france)	15 PS	13 UDF	1 UDF	7 PCF		14 RPR		13 MRG	13 UDF diss.	11 FN	87
[Germany](1994-european-parliament-election-in-germany)	40 SPD	39 CDU
8 CSU					12 GRÜNE				99
[Greece](1994-european-parliament-election-in-greece)	10 PASOK	9 ND		2 KKE
2 Synaspismos		2 PA					25
[Ireland](1994-european-parliament-election-in-ireland)	1 Lab	4 FG	1 Ind.			7 FF	2 GP				15
[Italy](1994-european-parliament-election-in-italy)	16 PDS
2 PSI	8 PPI
3 Patto
1 SVP	6 LN
1 PRI	5 PRC	27 FI		3 FdV
1 Rete	2 LP		11 AN
1 PSDI	87
[Luxembourg](1994-european-parliament-election-in-luxembourg)	2 LSAP	2 CSV	1 DP				1 Gréng				6
[Netherlands](1994-european-parliament-election-in-the-netherlands)	8 PvdA	10 CDA	6 VVD
4 D66				1 GL		1 SGP
1 GPV		31
[Portugal](1994-european-parliament-election-in-portugal)	10 PS	9 PSD		3 CDU		3 CDS–PP					25
[Spain](1994-european-parliament-election-in-spain)	22 PSOE	28 PP
2 CiU (UDC)
2 CN (EAJ)	2 CiU (CDC)	9 IU				1 CN (CC)			64
[United Kingdom](1994-european-parliament-election-in-the-united-kingdom)	62 LAB
1 SDLP	18 CON
1 UUP	2 LD					2 SNP		1 DUP	87
198	165	35	28	27	26	23	19	19	27	567

Statistics

European Parliament election, 1994 - Statistics	Area	Dates	Seats	Electorate	Turnout	Previous
European Union
(EU-12)	9, 12 June
1994	567	269,261,000	56.8%	[1989](1989-european-parliament-election)	1995	All PR, except UK (not NI)
which used FPTP	[http://aei.pitt.edu/5176/01/000470_1.pdf](http://aei.pitt.edu/5176/01/000470_1.pdf) [http://www.europarl.europa.eu/elections2004/ep-election/sites/en/results1306/turnout_ep/turnout_table.html](http://www.europarl.europa.eu/elections2004/ep-election/sites/en/results1306/turnout_ep/turnout_table.html)

European Parliament election, 1994 - Timeline	Third Parliament	1994 Election	Regrouping	Fourth Parliament	Groups	Pre-elections
May 30	Change	Results
June 13	Change	Results
July 19	New
Groups	First session
July 19		PES		PES		EPP	EPP	LDR	ELDR	LU	EUL	DR	NI	NI	Others	EN	FE	EDA	EDA	G	G	RBW	ERA	Total	518	+49	567	+0	567	Total	567	Sources: [http://aei.pitt.edu/5887/01/000461_1.pdf](http://aei.pitt.edu/5887/01/000461_1.pdf) [http://www.europarl.europa.eu/press/sdp/backg/en/1996/b961115.htm](http://www.europarl.europa.eu/press/sdp/backg/en/1996/b961115.htm) [http://eiop.or.at/eiop/texte/1997-021t.htm#(II)](http://eiop.or.at/eiop/texte/1997-021t.htm#(II))[http://eiop.or.at/eiop/texte/1997-021.htm](http://eiop.or.at/eiop/texte/1997-021.htm)[http://www.europarl.europa.eu/calendar/calendar?APP=PDF&TYPE=PV1&FILE=19940719EN.pdf&LANGUE=EN](http://www.europarl.europa.eu/calendar/calendar?APP=PDF&TYPE=PV1&FILE=19940719EN.pdf&LANGUE=EN)
198	+1	199	-1	198	198
162	-14	148	+9	157	157
45	-2	43	+0	43	43
13	+0	13	+15	28	28
12	+2	14	-14	27	27
27	+10	37	-10
0	+59	59	-13	19	19
27	27
20	+4	24	+2	26	26
27	-5	22	+1	23	23
14	-6	8	+11	19	19

European Parliament election, 1994 - Delegation at 19 July 1994	Group	Description	Details
Social democrats	Germany 40, Belgium 6, Denmark 3, France 15, Ireland 1, Italy 18, Luxembourg 2, Netherlands 8, UK 63, Greece 10, Spain 22, Portugal 10	35%	198
Conservatives and Christian democrats	Germany 47, Belgium 7, Denmark 3, France 13, Ireland 4, Italy 12, Luxembourg 2, Netherlands 10, UK 19, Greece 9, Spain 30, Portugal 1	28%	157
Liberals and liberal democrats	Belgium 6, Denmark 5, France 1, Ireland 1, Italy 7, Luxembourg 1, Netherlands 10, UK 2, Spain 2, Portugal 8	8%	43
Socialists and communists	France 7, Italy 5, Greece 4, Spain 9, Portugal 3	5%	28
Independents	Belgium 3, France 11, Italy 12, UK 1	5%	27
Conservatives and Christian democrats	Italy 27	5%	27
National conservatives	France 14, Ireland 7, Greece 2, Portugal 3	5%	26
Greens	Germany 12, Belgium 2, Denmark 1, Ireland 2, Italy 4, Luxembourg 1, Netherlands 1	4%	23
Liberals and liberal democrats	Belgium 1, France 13, Italy 2, UK 2, Spain 1	3%	19
Eurosceptics	Denmark 4, France 13, Netherlands 2	3%	19

Seat distribution

The number of seats in Parliament was increased from 518 to 567. The reason for this was the accession of the German Democratic Republic to the Federal Republic of Germany. The number of seats for the other larger states was also increased because the smaller states are entitled to a disproportionate number of seats compared to their population.

State	1989	State	1989
81	99	24	25
81	87	24	25
81	87	24	25
81	87	16	16
60	64	15	15
25	31	6	6

Until 1996 the number of seats was further increased to 626 to accommodate Austria, Finland and Sweden who were joining, holding elections in 1995 and 1996. They were granted 21,16 and 22 seats respectively.

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GroupNation	PES	EPP	ELDR	EUL	FE	EDA	G	ERA	EN	NI	Total
[Belgium](1994-european-parliament-election-in-belgium)	3 PS
3 SP	4 CVP
2 PSC
1 CSP	3 VLD
3 PRL–FDF				1 ECOLO
1 AGALEV	1 VU		2 VB
1 FN	25
[Denmark](1994-european-parliament-election-in-denmark)	3 A	3 C	4 V
1 B				1 SF		2 J
2 N		16
[France](1994-european-parliament-election-in-france)	15 PS	13 UDF	1 UDF	7 PCF		14 RPR		13 MRG	13 UDF diss.	11 FN	87
[Germany](1994-european-parliament-election-in-germany)	40 SPD	39 CDU
8 CSU					12 GRÜNE				99
[Greece](1994-european-parliament-election-in-greece)	10 PASOK	9 ND		2 KKE
2 Synaspismos		2 PA					25
[Ireland](1994-european-parliament-election-in-ireland)	1 Lab	4 FG	1 Ind.			7 FF	2 GP				15
[Italy](1994-european-parliament-election-in-italy)	16 PDS
2 PSI	8 PPI
3 Patto
1 SVP	6 LN
1 PRI	5 PRC	27 FI		3 FdV
1 Rete	2 LP		11 AN
1 PSDI	87
[Luxembourg](1994-european-parliament-election-in-luxembourg)	2 LSAP	2 CSV	1 DP				1 Gréng				6
[Netherlands](1994-european-parliament-election-in-the-netherlands)	8 PvdA	10 CDA	6 VVD
4 D66				1 GL		1 SGP
1 GPV		31
[Portugal](1994-european-parliament-election-in-portugal)	10 PS	9 PSD		3 CDU		3 CDS–PP					25
[Spain](1994-european-parliament-election-in-spain)	22 PSOE	28 PP
2 CiU (UDC)
2 CN (EAJ)	2 CiU (CDC)	9 IU				1 CN (CC)			64
[United Kingdom](1994-european-parliament-election-in-the-united-kingdom)	62 LAB
1 SDLP	18 CON
1 UUP	2 LD					2 SNP		1 DUP	87
198	165	35	28	27	26	23	19	19	27	567