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1915 Manitoba general election

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Field	Value
election_name	1915 Manitoba general election
country	Manitoba
flag_year	1870
type	parliamentary
previous_election	1914 Manitoba general election
previous_year	1914
outgoing_members	[elected members](14th-manitoba-legislature)
next_election	1920 Manitoba general election
elected_members	15th Manitoba Legislature
next_year	1920
election_date	August 6, 1915
seats_for_election	47 seats of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba
majority_seats	24
image1	Tobias Crawford Norris.jpg
image1_size	x150px
colour1
leader1	Tobias Norris
leader_since1	1910
party1
leaders_seat1	Lansdowne
last_election1	20
seats1	40
seat_change1	20
percentage1	55.1%
swing1	12.5pp
image2	JamesAlbertManningAikins.png
colour2
leader2	James Albert Manning Aikins
leader_since2	1915
party2	Conservative
leaders_seat2	Brandon City (lost re-election)
last_election2	28
seats2	5
seat_change2	23
percentage2	33.0%
swing2	13.9pp
map_caption
title	Premier
posttitle	Premier after election
before_election	Rodmond Roblin
before_party
after_election	Tobias Norris
after_party

The 1915 Manitoba general election was held August 6, 1915 to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Manitoba, Canada. Liberals under Norris took a slight majority of votes and won a landslide majority in the Legislature. They replaced the Conservative government that had ruled the province since 1899 but had lost power after investigation for corruption.

This election was held only one year after the previous general election of 1914. In that election, the governing Conservatives of premier Rodmond Roblin were confirmed in office with 28 seats out of 49. In early 1915, a commission appointed by the Lieutenant Governor found the government guilty of corruption in the tending of contracts for new legislative buildings.

Roblin denied the charges, but resigned as premier on May 12. Three days later, the lieutenant-governor called upon Tobias Norris, leader of the official opposition Liberals, to form a new administration. The house was quickly adjourned, and new elections were scheduled for August.

The primary issue of the campaign was corruption of the Roblin government. The pro-Liberal Manitoba Free Press ran numerous articles criticizing the practices of the Roblin government, and alleging that the "Roblin machine" still controlled the Conservative Party.

Liberals claimed they would manage the province's affairs in a businesslike rather than a partisan manner, an approach typified by Provincial Treasurer Edward Brown call for the province to "forget party for five years and get down to business".

Female suffrage was an issue in the campaign. Norris's Liberals promised they would enact female adult suffrage if elected to office. Due to this, Nellie McClung, who had returned to Manitoba from her home in Alberta, campaigned on behalf of Liberal candidates. The government gave votes to women in 1916, becoming the first province in Canada where women could vote. (Treaty Indians were still barred from voting until 1952.) The Liberal party's platform also promised direct legislation and plebiscites on public issues.

The question of prohibition was an issue at the time. The Liberal Party promised to hold a provincial referendum on the question. A referendum was held on March 3, 1916, and a majority voted in favour.

Facing unpopularity due to the corruption scandal, the Manitoba Conservatives chose federal Member of Parliament (MP) James Albert Manning Aikins as their new leader on July 15. Aikins had never served in the Roblin government and was regarded by many as free from the controversy that had forced the Conservatives to resign. In a further effort to separate themselves from the Roblin government, the Conservative party tried to change its name, referring to itself as the "Independent-Liberal-Conservative" party for this election. Liberals ridiculed this name change and sarcastically described the "new" Conservatives as the "Purity Party". The "Independent-Liberal-Conservative" name seems to have been dropped shortly after the election.

The election results were a disaster for Conservatives. They won only five seats out of 47, and Aikins lost by a considerable margin in Brandon City. The Liberals under Norris won a landslide majority with 40 seats, the largest victory in Manitoba history, although with barely more than half the vote.

Labourites made advances in the legislature. In the Winnipeg Centre district, Fred Dixon was re-elected, this time as an independent candidate with support from both Liberals and the Labour Representation Committee. The Social Democratic Party also won its first seat in the province, electing Richard Rigg to one of the two seats in north-end Winnipeg. The other seat was taken by Solomon Hart Green, the first Jew to serve in the Manitoba Legislature.

For this election (like the previous one in 1914) Winnipeg was divided into three districts, each having used two members, with each seat being filled in separate contests.

The Manitoba francophone-dominated constituencies continued to support candidates of the Conservative party. Four of the five Conservative MLAs were from francophone areas. Many francophone voters opposed Norris's plans to end provincial funding for denominational Catholic schools. Many also opposed Norris's plans for Prohibition and equal suffrage.

This was the last election before Winnipeg was made into a single ten-seat district, and Single transferable voting was brought into use.

Electoral system

In this election Manitoba used a mixture of multi-member districts and single-member districts. In the multi-member districts - Winnipeg North, Winnipeg South and Winnipeg Centre - each member was elected in a separate contest through First past the post. There is little variance in the parties' vote tallies between the twin contests in each district.

In each single-member district the member was elected through First past the post.

Results

Party	Party leader	# of
candidates	Members elected	Popular vote	[1914](1914-manitoba-general-election)	1915	% Change	#	%	% Change
Liberal	Tobias Norris		20	40	+100%		55.1%		Conservative	James Albert Manning Aikins
Total		49	47	-4.1%		100%

Riding results

Arthur:

(incumbent)John Williams (L) 815
W.S. Kenner (C) 632

Assiniboia:

John Wilton (L) 828
William Bayley (Labour Representation Committee) 773
(incumbent)John Thomas Haig (C) 590

Beautiful Plains:

William Wood (L) 1115
J. Harry Irwin (C) 918

Birtle:

(incumbent)George Malcolm (L) 873
S. Arnold (C) 422

Brandon City:

Stephen Clement (L) 1914
James Albert Manning Aikins (C) 1213

Carillon:

Albert Prefontaine (C) 629
(incumbent)Thomas B. Molloy (L) 605

Cypress:

Andrew Myles (L) 851
(incumbent)George Steel (C) 789

Dauphin:

William Harrington (L) 739
(incumbent)William Buchanan (C) 637
J.M. McQuay (Ind) 233

Deloraine:

(incumbent)Robert Thornton (L) 1146
John C. Walker Reid (C) 851

Dufferin:

Edward August (L) 1134
Andrew S. Argue (C) 848

Elmwood:

Thomas Glendenning Hamilton (L) 2319
Donald Munro (C) 866

Emerson:

John David Baskerville (L) 1181
G. Coulter (C) 460

Gilbert Plains:

William Findlater (L) 1383
(incumbent)Sam Hughes (C) 792

Gimli:

Taras Ferley (L-Ind) 1172
(incumbent)Sveinn Thorvaldson (C) 562

(Einar Jonasson had been nominated as the official Liberal candidate, but withdrew.)

Gladstone:

(incumbent)James Armstrong (L) 1154
A. Singleton (C) 484

Glenwood:

(incumbent)James Breakey (L) 1091
John Perdue (C) 636

Hamiota:

(incumbent)John Henry McConnell (L) 1063
J. Moss Fraser (C) 596

Iberville:

(incumbent)Aime Benard (C) 527
James H. Black (L) 400

Kildonan and St. Andrews:

George Prout (L) 1295
R. Sanders (C) 754

Killarney:

Samuel Hayden (L) 779
(incumbent)George Lawrence (C) 656

Lakeside:

Charles Duncan McPherson (L) 863
(incumbent)John J. Garland (C) 700

Lansdowne:

(incumbent)Tobias Norris (L) 1334
W.J. Cundy (C) 592

La Verendrye:

Philippe Talbot (L) 713
(incumbent)Jean-Baptiste Lauzon (C) 558

Manitou:

George Thomas Armstrong (L) 1090
W.H. Sharpe (C) 1006

Minnedosa:

(incumbent)George Grierson (L) 1173
James Muir (C) 654

Morden and Rhineland:

(incumbent)Valentine Winkler (L) 1180
William Johnston Tupper (C) 712

Morris:

(incumbent)Jacques Parent (C) 740
William Molloy (L) 683

Mountain:

(incumbent)James Baird (L) 1331
John T. Dale (C) 419

Norfolk:

(incumbent)John Graham (L) 933
Robert F. Lyons (C) 770

Portage la Prairie:

(incumbent)Ewan McPherson (L) 1065
Fawcett Taylor (C) 807

Roblin:

(incumbent)Frederic Newton (C) 714
William Angus (L) 609

Rockwood:

Arthur Lobb (L) 1275
Thomas Scott (C) 639

Russell:

William Wilber Wilfred Wilson (L) 1033
J.P. Laycock (C) 614

St. Boniface:

Joseph Dumas (L) 921
J.A. Beaupre (C) 790
J.P. Howden (Ind L) 640

St. Clements:

(incumbent)Donald Ross (L/Ind) 1014
Thomas Hay (C) 489

St. George:

Skuli Sigfusson (L) 1291
Paul Reykdal (C) 831

Ste. Rose:

(incumbent)Joseph Hamelin (C) 443
Z.H. Rheaume (L) 414
A. McLeod (Ind) 266

Swan River:

(incumbent)William Sims (L) 626
Daniel D. McDonald (C) 414

Turtle Mountain:

George William McDonald (L) 687
(incumbent)James Johnson (C) 651

Virden:

(incumbent)George Clingan (L) 1181
R.A. Knight (C) 772

Winnipeg

Winnipeg North "A":

Robert Newton Lowery (L) 2443
Arthur Beech (SDP) 2248
(incumbent)Joseph P. Foley (C) 1490

Winnipeg North "B":

Richard Rigg (SDP) 2494
Solomon Hart Green (L) 2263
E.R. Levinson (C) 1248

Winnipeg Centre "A":

(incumbent)Thomas Herman Johnson (L) 6763
A.J. Norquay (C) 2346

Winnipeg Centre "B":

(incumbent) Fred Dixon (Ind, formerly Lib-Lab MLA) 6443
H.M. Hanneson (C) 2048
George Armstrong (SPC) 804

Winnipeg South "A":

(incumbent)Albert Hudson (L) 5986
W.J. Boyd (C) 2011

Winnipeg South "B":

(incumbent)William Parrish (L) 5635
Lendrum McMeans (C) 2303

Deferred elections

The Pas, August 25, 1915:

Edward Brown (L) accl.

Horace Halcrow had been nominated by the Conservatives to contest this riding, but withdrew before the election. Halcrow had been Manitoba's chief game warden under the Roblin government.

Post-election changes

Rupertsland (new constituency), September 16, 1916:

John Morrison (Ind-L) accl.

Iberville (res. Aime Benard, 1917), November 1, 1917:

Arthur Boivin (C) elected

Roblin (res. Frederic Newton, 1917), November 19, 1917:

William Westwood (Ind-L) elected
Irwin L. Mitchell (L)

(A Winnipeg Free Press report from November 20, 1917 shows Westwood winning by 186 votes, with one poll yet to declare. This was likely the first provincial election where Manitoba women cast votes.)

Morris (dep. Jacques Parent, 1917; no by-election)

Minnedosa (George Grierson to cabinet, November 10, 1917), November 30, 1917:

George Grierson (L) elected

Winnipeg North "B" (res. Richard Rigg, 1917), January 15, 1918:

Robert Jacob (Union-L) 2923
E.R. Levinson (Ind) 2251

(Numbers taken from the Winnipeg Free Press.)

Rhineland (dec. Valentine Winkler, June 7, 1920; no by-election)

References

"Legislature Scandal". Manitoba Historical Society.
"Voting Rights - Indigenous suffrage in Manitoba" https://canadianwomen.org/blog/indigenous-voting-rights/
"Manitoba Prohibition Referendum (1916)" http://www.mhs.mb.ca/docs/events/prohibition1916.shtml
Parliamentary Guide
(August 13, 1915). "Manitoba Historical Society". The Voice.
"Historical Summaries". Elections Manitoba.
(July 28, 1915). "Constituencies and Candidates". Brandon Daily Sun.

Info: Wikipedia Source

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