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1912 United States presidential election in California

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Field	Value
election_name	1912 United States presidential election in California
country	California
flag_image	Flag of California (1911–1924).pngborder
type	presidential
ongoing	no
previous_election	1908 United States presidential election in California
previous_year	1908
next_election	1916 United States presidential election in California
next_year	1916
turnout	71.68% (of registered voters)
45.11% (of eligible voters)
election_date	November 5, 1912
image_size	x160px
image1	Unsuccessful 1912 2.jpg
nominee1	Theodore Roosevelt
party1	Progressive
alliance1	Republican
home_state1	New York
running_mate1	Hiram Johnson
electoral_vote1	11
popular_vote1	283,610
percentage1	41.83%
image2	Woodrow Wilson-H&E.jpg
nominee2	Woodrow Wilson
party2	Democratic Party (United States)
home_state2	New Jersey
running_mate2	Thomas R. Marshall
electoral_vote2	2
popular_vote2	283,436
percentage2	41.81%
image3	Eugene Debs portrait.jpeg
nominee3	Eugene V. Debs
party3	Socialist Party of America
home_state3	Indiana
running_mate3	Emil Seidel
electoral_vote3	0
popular_vote3	79,201
percentage3	11.68%
map_image	California Presidential Election Results 1912.svg
map_size	300px
map_caption	County Results
title	President
before_election	William Howard Taft
before_party	Republican Party (United States)
after_election	Woodrow Wilson
after_party	Democratic Party (United States)

Main article: 1912 United States presidential election

45.11% (of eligible voters) Roosevelt Wilson The 1912 United States presidential election in California took place on November 5, 1912, as part of the 1912 United States presidential election. State voters chose 13 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Theodore Roosevelt received 11 electors by winning 174 more votes than Woodrow Wilson, who received 2 electors. This was the closest presidential election in California history.

California narrowly voted for the Progressive Party nominee, former president Theodore Roosevelt, over the Democratic nominee, New Jersey Governor Woodrow Wilson, though two electors cast their votes for Wilson. Although Roosevelt was the candidate of the “Bull Moose” Progressive Party nationally, in California and South Dakota he gained the support of the state Republican Party and acquired the "Republican" line, whilst the incumbent, and national GOP nominee William Howard Taft did not appear on the ballot and was a write-in candidate. Roosevelt's running mate was incumbent Governor of California Hiram Johnson.

This was the closest presidential election in California history, with Roosevelt winning by just 174 votes out of 677,944 cast, a margin of 0.02567%. It remains the fourth-closest presidential race in any state in history, behind Florida in 2000, Maryland in 1832, and Maryland in 1904, the latter of which also involved Roosevelt.

Although Wilson narrowly failed to win the state, he did become the first Democrat to carry Napa, Solano and Marin Counties since James Buchanan in 1856, the first to carry San Mateo and Sierra County since Stephen A. Douglas in 1860, the first to win San Diego County since 1868, the first to ever carry Ventura County, which had been created in 1872, and the first to carry Calaveras County and Sutter County since 1876. Since this election, Solano County has voted Democratic in all but six Republican landslide elections of 1920, 1924, 1928, 1972, 1980 and 1984.

With 41.83% of the popular vote, California would prove to be Roosevelt's second-strongest state in terms of popular vote percentage in the 1912 election after South Dakota. California would not vote for the losing candidate again until 1960.

Votes cast for individual electors

This was the fourth occasion in which California's electoral vote was split, rather than being awarded to a single candidate. The previous occasions when this happened were in 1880, 1892, and 1896. This occurred because, at the time, electors were not awarded based upon the popular vote in the presidential preference vote. Instead, voters cast votes for individual electors, with the thirteen top vote-getters among elector nominees becoming elected the state's members of the United States Electoral College. A split in the electoral vote would never again occur in California.

Results

Results by Elector

Party	Elector	Votes	Votes cast	677,944
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party (Progressive)	Theodore Roosevelt	A. J. Wallace	283,610
Democratic Party (United States)}}	Democratic Party	Woodrow Wilson	Thomas F. Griffin	283,436
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party (Progressive)	Theodore Roosevelt	Charles S. Wheeler	283,193
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party (Progressive)	Theodore Roosevelt	George C. Pardee	283,057
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party (Progressive)	Theodore Roosevelt	Marshall Stimson	282,910
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party (Progressive)	Theodore Roosevelt	Philip Bancroft	282,888
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party (Progressive)	Theodore Roosevelt	John P. McLaughlin	282,868
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party (Progressive)	Theodore Roosevelt	Frank H. Devlin	282,790
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party (Progressive)	Theodore Roosevelt	Florence Collins Porter	282,781
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party (Progressive)	Theodore Roosevelt	R. G. Fernald	282,676
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party (Progressive)	Theodore Roosevelt	M. B. Harris	282,671
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party (Progressive)	Theodore Roosevelt	Ralph W. Bull	282,653
Democratic Party (United States)}}	Democratic Party	Woodrow Wilson	R. F. Del Valle	282,651
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party (Progressive)	Theodore Roosevelt	J. W. Finney	282,594
Democratic Party (United States)}}	Democratic Party	Woodrow Wilson	Henry E. Monroe	282,594
Democratic Party (United States)}}	Democratic Party	Woodrow Wilson	T. W. H. Shanahan	282,579
Democratic Party (United States)}}	Democratic Party	Woodrow Wilson	Clarence F. Lea	282,578
Democratic Party (United States)}}	Democratic Party	Woodrow Wilson	Joseph F. Tobin	282,530
Democratic Party (United States)}}	Democratic Party	Woodrow Wilson	F. B. Lynch	282,516
Democratic Party (United States)}}	Democratic Party	Woodrow Wilson	Stephen J. Sill	282,432
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party (Progressive)	Theodore Roosevelt	M. A. Luce	282,383
Democratic Party (United States)}}	Democratic Party	Woodrow Wilson	George W. Mordecai	282,325
Democratic Party (United States)}}	Democratic Party	Woodrow Wilson	E. L. Doheny	282,309
Democratic Party (United States)}}	Democratic Party	Woodrow Wilson	Mary Bourn Tucker	282,215
Democratic Party (United States)}}	Democratic Party	Woodrow Wilson	Mary E. Foy	282,213
Democratic Party (United States)}}	Democratic Party	Woodrow Wilson	George M. Cooley	282,198
Socialist Party USA}}	Socialist Party	Eugene V. Debs	W. M. Boyd	79,201
Socialist Party USA}}	Socialist Party	Eugene V. Debs	Job Harriman	78,910
Socialist Party USA}}	Socialist Party	Eugene V. Debs	Dr. A. E. Briggs	78,905
Socialist Party USA}}	Socialist Party	Eugene V. Debs	H. F. Whitley	78,867
Socialist Party USA}}	Socialist Party	Eugene V. Debs	T. W. Williams	78,860
Socialist Party USA}}	Socialist Party	Eugene V. Debs	James Andrews	78,813
Socialist Party USA}}	Socialist Party	Eugene V. Debs	Rose Walker	78,791
Socialist Party USA}}	Socialist Party	Eugene V. Debs	Jennie Ream	78,757
Socialist Party USA}}	Socialist Party	Eugene V. Debs	H. J. Duffy	78,740
Socialist Party USA}}	Socialist Party	Eugene V. Debs	Ida Kinney	78,735
Socialist Party USA}}	Socialist Party	Eugene V. Debs	J. R. Cothran	78,709
Socialist Party USA}}	Socialist Party	Eugene V. Debs	Ethel Lynn	78,689
Socialist Party USA}}	Socialist Party	Eugene V. Debs	Mary Garbutt	78,534
Prohibition Party}}"	Prohibition Party	Eugene W. Chafin	Annie E. K. Bidwell	23,366
Prohibition Party}}"	Prohibition Party	Eugene W. Chafin	Stephen H. Taft	23,265
Prohibition Party}}"	Prohibition Party	Eugene W. Chafin	Frank Willard Emerson	23,144
Prohibition Party}}"	Prohibition Party	Eugene W. Chafin	Ellsworth L. Rich	23,053
Prohibition Party}}"	Prohibition Party	Eugene W. Chafin	Lucy S. Blanchard	23,052
Prohibition Party}}"	Prohibition Party	Eugene W. Chafin	William P. Fassett	23,040
Prohibition Party}}"	Prohibition Party	Eugene W. Chafin	Frederick Head	23,010
Prohibition Party}}"	Prohibition Party	Eugene W. Chafin	Stella B. Irvine	23,004
Prohibition Party}}"	Prohibition Party	Eugene W. Chafin	Henry French	23,001
Prohibition Party}}"	Prohibition Party	Eugene W. Chafin	Simeon P. Meads	22,997
Prohibition Party}}"	Prohibition Party	Eugene W. Chafin	Byron E. Paddock	22,995
Prohibition Party}}"	Prohibition Party	Eugene W. Chafin	Edward F. Van Vlear	22,988
Prohibition Party}}"	Prohibition Party	Eugene W. Chafin	Thomas K. Bear	22,983
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party	William Howard Taft	Anson S. Blake	3,914
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party	William Howard Taft	Fred A. Dodge	3,908
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party	William Howard Taft	Arthur E. Miller	3,903
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party	William Howard Taft	Jotham Bixby	3,902
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party	William Howard Taft	Charles N. Felton	3,896
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party	William Howard Taft	Norman Bridge	3,783
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party	William Howard Taft	Ross Campbell	3,753
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party	William Howard Taft	Charles E. Clinch	3,677
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party	William Howard Taft	Mrs. K. M. Flynn	3,582
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party	William Howard Taft	Joseph Martin	3,525
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party	William Howard Taft	Robert Sweeney	3,313
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party	William Howard Taft	Simon Levi	3,057
Republican Party (United States)}}"	Republican Party	William Howard Taft	Andrea Sbarboro	2,847
Independent}}"	Write-in		Scattering	4,417

Results by county

County	Theodore Roosevelt
Republican/Progressive "Bull Moose"	Woodrow Wilson
Democratic	Eugene V. Debs
Socialist	Eugene W. Chafin
Prohibition	William Howard Taft
Republican (write-in)	Scattering
Write-in	Margin	Total votes cast	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	Total	283,610	41.834%	283,436	41.808%	79,201	11.68%	23,366	3.45%	3,914	0.58%	4,417	0.65%	174	0.026%	677,944
	Alameda		31,542		47.47%		24,418		36.75%		9,332		14.04%		1,160		1.75%		0		0.00%		0		0.00%		7,124		10.72%		66,452
	Alpine		36		45.00%		34		42.50%		2		2.50%		0		0.00%		8		10.00%		0		0.00%		2		2.50%		80
	Amador		684		27.33%		1,622		64.80%		135		5.39%		57		2.28%		5		0.20%		0		0.00%		-938		-37.48%		2,503
	Butte		3,365		38.14%		4,028		45.66%		930		10.54%		489		5.54%		10		0.11%		0		0.00%		-663		-7.52%		8,822
	Calaveras		750		24.28%		1,869		60.51%		399		12.92%		66		2.14%		5		0.16%		0		0.00%		-1,119		-36.23%		3,089
	Colusa		810		29.26%		1,760		63.58%		111		4.01%		84		3.03%		3		0.11%		0		0.00%		-950		-34.32%		2,768
	Contra Costa		3,539		42.38%		3,290		39.40%		1,300		15.57%		181		2.17%		40		0.48%		0		0.00%		249		2.98%		8,350
	Del Norte		376		44.60%		323		38.32%		104		12.34%		40		4.74%		0		0.00%		0		0.00%		53		6.29%		843
	El Dorado		776		28.40%		1,613		59.04%		278		10.18%		49		1.79%		16		0.59%		0		0.00%		-837		-30.64%		2,732
	Fresno		8,839		42.71%		8,891		42.96%		2,278		11.01%		590		2.85%		95		0.46%		3		0.01%		-52		-0.25%		20,696
	Glenn		906		37.21%		1,325		54.41%		126		5.17%		67		2.75%		11		0.45%		0		0.00%		-419		-17.21%		2,435
	Humboldt		3,609		42.20%		2,887		33.76%		1,781		20.83%		177		2.07%		93		1.09%		5		0.06%		722		8.44%		8,552
	Imperial		1,420		42.17%		1,295		38.46%		446		13.25%		193		5.73%		13		0.39%		0		0.00%		125		3.71%		3,367
	Inyo		431		26.49%		806		49.54%		305		18.75%		77		4.73%		8		0.49%		0		0.00%		-375		-23.05%		1,627
	Kern		3,647		33.88%		5,569		51.73%		1,300		12.08%		182		1.69%		67		0.62%		0		0.00%		-1,922		-17.85%		10,765
	Kings		1,419		35.94%		1,967		49.82%		406		10.28%		156		3.95%		0		0.00%		0		0.00%		-548		-13.88%		3,948
	Lake		649		30.10%		1,118		51.86%		266		12.34%		123		5.71%		0		0.00%		0		0.00%		-469		-21.75%		2,156
	Lassen		559		39.59%		644		45.61%		148		10.48%		34		2.41%		27		1.91%		0		0.00%		-85		-6.02%		1,412
	Los Angeles		75,593		45.73%		55,110		33.34%		19,895		12.04%		8,190		4.95%		2,181		1.32%		4,327		2.62%		20,483		12.39%		165,296
	Madera		943		38.98%		1,154		47.71%		226		9.34%		89		3.68%		1		0.04%		6		0.25%		-211		-8.72%		2,419
	Marin		2,750		42.97%		2,849		44.52%		733		11.45%		68		1.06%		0		0.00%		0		0.00%		-99		-1.55%		6,400
	Mariposa		306		26.15%		689		58.89%		138		11.79%		17		1.45%		20		1.71%		0		0.00%		-393		-32.74%		1,170
	Mendocino		2,237		39.61%		2,507		44.39%		752		13.31%		141		2.50%		11		0.19%		0		0.00%		-270		-4.78%		5,648
	Merced		1,571		37.16%		1,978		46.78%		441		10.43%		228		5.39%		10		0.24%		0		0.00%		-407		-9.63%		4,228
	Modoc		608		35.47%		941		54.90%		119		6.94%		45		2.63%		1		0.06%		0		0.00%		-333		-19.43%		1,714
	Mono		106		28.73%		182		49.32%		67		18.16%		11		2.98%		3		0.81%		0		0.00%		-76		-20.60%		369
	Monterey		3,081		42.02%		3,392		46.26%		557		7.60%		301		4.11%		1		0.01%		0		0.00%		-311		-4.24%		7,332
	Napa		2,432		42.52%		2,662		46.55%		478		8.36%		126		2.20%		0		0.00%		21		0.37%		-230		-4.02%		5,719
	Nevada		1,381		34.40%		1,851		46.11%		648		16.14%		111		2.77%		23		0.57%		0		0.00%		-470		-11.71%		4,014
	Orange		5,143		45.03%		4,406		38.58%		896		7.85%		852		7.46%		123		1.08%		1		0.01%		737		6.45%		11,421
	Placer		1,913		43.91%		1,823		41.84%		481		11.04%		125		2.87%		15		0.34%		0		0.00%		90		2.07%		4,357
	Plumas		762		42.78%		742		41.66%		236		13.25%		30		1.68%		11		0.62%		0		0.00%		20		1.12%		1,781
	Riverside		5,146		50.94%		2,963		29.33%		1,036		10.25%		834		8.25%		124		1.23%		0		0.00%		2,183		21.61%		10,103
	Sacramento		7,534		39.23%		9,869		51.39%		1,553		8.09%		213		1.11%		36		0.19%		0		0.00%		-2,335		-12.16%		19,205
	San Benito		1,054		40.96%		1,253		48.70%		179		6.96%		74		2.88%		13		0.51%		0		0.00%		-199		-7.73%		2,573
	San Bernardino		6,202		40.42%		5,835		38.03%		1,901		12.39%		1,233		8.04%		172		1.12%		0		0.00%		367		2.39%		15,343
	San Diego		7,922		36.46%		9,731		44.79%		2,873		13.22%		1,139		5.24%		63		0.29%		0		0.00%		-1,809		-8.33%		21,728
	San Francisco		38,610		38.17%		48,953		48.40%		12,354		12.21%		1,158		1.14%		65		0.06%		8		0.01%		-10,343		-10.23%		101,148
	San Joaquin		4,314		31.40%		7,969		58.00%		995		7.24%		426		3.10%		35		0.25%		0		0.00%		-3,655		-26.60%		13,739
	San Luis Obispo		2,373		42.73%		2,248		40.48%		704		12.68%		214		3.85%		13		0.23%		1		0.02%		125		2.25%		5,553
	San Mateo		2,825		40.44%		3,246		46.47%		827		11.84%		80		1.15%		7		0.10%		0		0.00%		-421		-6.03%		6,985
	Santa Barbara		3,395		46.78%		2,819		38.84%		619		8.53%		357		4.92%		68		0.94%		0		0.00%		576		7.94%		7,258
	Santa Clara		10,868		46.97%		9,173		39.64%		2,068		8.94%		824		3.56%		173		0.75%		33		0.14%		1,695		7.33%		23,139
	Santa Cruz		3,059		42.77%		2,875		40.20%		892		12.47%		323		4.52%		3		0.04%		0		0.00%		184		2.57%		7,152
	Shasta		1,636		34.93%		2,040		43.55%		938		20.03%		54		1.15%		16		0.34%		0		0.00%		-404		-8.63%		4,684
	Sierra		483		41.71%		515		44.47%		133		11.49%		13		1.12%		10		0.86%		4		0.35%		-32		-2.76%		1,158
	Siskiyou		1,740		34.99%		2,465		49.57%		633		12.73%		104		2.09%		29		0.58%		2		0.04%		-725		-14.58%		4,973
	Solano		3,353		41.95%		3,650		45.66%		781		9.77%		169		2.11%		40		0.50%		0		0.00%		-297		-3.72%		7,993
	Sonoma		5,806		40.89%		6,500		45.78%		1,494		10.52%		367		2.58%		32		0.23%		0		0.00%		-694		-4.89%		14,199
	Stanislaus		3,143		39.78%		3,127		39.58%		749		9.48%		864		10.94%		17		0.22%		0		0.00%		16		0.20%		7,900
	Sutter		846		41.11%		1,063		51.65%		79		3.84%		65		3.16%		5		0.24%		0		0.00%		-217		-10.54%		2,058
	Tehama		1,218		36.01%		1,595		47.16%		388		11.47%		168		4.97%		13		0.38%		0		0.00%		-377		-11.15%		3,382
	Trinity		343		34.44%		461		46.29%		182		18.27%		9		0.90%		1		0.10%		0		0.00%		-118		-11.85%		996
	Tulare		4,283		42.21%		4,293		42.31%		1,233		12.15%		265		2.61%		73		0.72%		0		0.00%		-10		-0.10%		10,147
	Tuolumne		755		28.76%		1,459		55.58%		363		13.83%		38		1.45%		8		0.30%		2		0.08%		-704		-26.82%		2,625
	Ventura		2,055		42.52%		2,108		43.62%		426		8.81%		169		3.50%		71		1.47%		4		0.08%		-53		-1.10%		4,833
	Yolo		1,332		33.35%		2,239		56.06%		301		7.54%		113		2.83%		9		0.23%		0		0.00%		-907		-22.71%		3,994
	Yuba		1,132		43.36%		1,242		47.57%		186		7.12%		34		1.30%		17		0.65%		0		0.00%		-110		-4.21%		2,611

Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic

Amador
Butte
Calaveras
Fresno
Kern
Kings
Lassen
Madera
Marin
Mendocino
Merced
Modoc
Mono
Monterey
Napa
Nevada
Sacramento
San Benito
San Diego
San Francisco
San Joaquin
San Mateo
Shasta
Sierra
Siskiyou
Solano
Sonoma
Sutter
Tehama
Tulare
Trinity
Tuolumne
Ventura
Yolo
Yuba

Notes

References

"Historical Voter Registration and Participation in Statewide General Elections 1910-2018".
Menendez, Albert J.; ''The Geography of Presidential Elections in the United States, 1868-2004'', pp. 153-155 {{ISBN. 0786422173
"1912 Presidential Election Statistics". Dave Leip’s Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
(11 Nov 1912). "DIVIDED ELECTORAL VOTES". The Boston Globe.
(16 Nov 1912). "NEITHER SIDE WINS STATE". Los Angeles Times.
(1968). "Statement of the Vote of California at the General Election held November 5, 1912".

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