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14 Andromedae

Star in the constellation Andromeda

Star in the constellation Andromeda

| r-i = | v-r = | b-v = | u-b =

14 Andromedae, abbreviated 14 And, also named Veritate , is a single, orange-hued giant star situated 248 light-years away in the northern constellation of Andromeda. It is dimly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.22. The star is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −60 km/s. In 2008 an extrasolar planet (designated 14 Andromedae b, later named Spe) was discovered to be orbiting the star.

This is a red clump giant with a stellar classification of K0 III, a star that has past the first-giant branch and is now on the horizontal branch, generating energy through helium fusion at its core. The star has expanded to 12.7 times the Sun's radius and is radiating 58 times the Sun's luminosity from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,483 K. Its exact mass and age are still uncertain.

Nomenclature

14 Andromedae is the star's Flamsteed designation. Following its discovery the planet was designated 14 Andromedae b.

In July 2014 the International Astronomical Union launched NameExoWorlds, a process for giving proper names to certain exoplanets and their host stars. The process involved public nomination and voting for the new names. In December 2015, the IAU announced the winning names were Veritate for this star and Spe for its planet.

The winning names were based on those submitted by the Thunder Bay Centre of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada); namely 'Veritas' and 'Spes', Latin for 'truth' and 'hope', respectively. (Veritas was also the Roman goddess of truth and Spes was the Roman goddess of hope.) The IAU substituted the ablative forms 'Veritate' and 'Spe', which mean 'where there is truth' and 'where there is hope', respectively. This was because 'Veritas' is the name of an asteroid important for the study of the Solar System.

In 2016, the IAU organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. In its first bulletin of July 2016, the WGSN explicitly recognized the names of exoplanets and their host stars approved by the Executive Committee Working Group Public Naming of Planets and Planetary Satellites, including the names of stars adopted during the 2015 NameExoWorlds campaign. This star is now so entered in the IAU Catalog of Star Names.

Planetary system

In 2008, an exoplanet was announced to be orbiting the star, detected by the radial velocity method. The planet was found to have a minimum mass of 4.8 Jupiter masses and to be orbiting in a circular orbit that takes 186 days to complete. The planet is one of the few known planets to be orbiting an evolved intermediate-mass star and one of the closest-orbiting (such planets have only been discovered around clump giants).

A 2023 study of planets around evolved stars, while presenting updated parameters for this planet, found that the radial velocity variations are correlated with stellar activity signals, casting doubt on the planet's existence. Based on this, a 2024 study listed it as one of several doubtful planets around giant stars (along with other named planets around 41 Lyncis and 42 Draconis).

References

References

  1. "IAU Catalog of Star Names".
  2. [http://www.iau.org/news/pressreleases/detail/iau1404/ NameExoWorlds: An IAU Worldwide Contest to Name Exoplanets and their Host Stars]. IAU.org. 9 July 2014
  3. "NameExoWorlds The Process".
  4. [http://www.iau.org/news/pressreleases/detail/iau1514/ Final Results of NameExoWorlds Public Vote Released], International Astronomical Union, 15 December 2015.
  5. [https://www.tbrasc.org/centre-news/ Thunder Bay Amateur Astronomers Name a Planet]
  6. "NameExoWorlds The Approved Names".
  7. "IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)".
  8. "Bulletin of the IAU Working Group on Star Names, No. 1".
  9. "14 And".
  10. {{Cite Gaia DR3. 1920113512486282240
  11. (2015). "Revising the ages of planet-hosting stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics.
  12. Ligi, R.. (2016-02-01). "Radii, masses, and ages of 18 bright stars using interferometry and new estimations of exoplanetary parameters". Astronomy & Astrophysics.
  13. (2008). "Planetary Companions to Evolved Intermediate-Mass Stars: 14 Andromedae, 81 Ceti, 6 Lyncis, and HD167042". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan.
  14. (2015). "Stellar parameters and chemical abundances of 223 evolved stars with and without planets". Astronomy & Astrophysics.
  15. (August 2000). "K-Band Calibration of the Red Clump Luminosity". The Astrophysical Journal.
  16. (August 2023). "Revisiting planetary systems in the Okayama Planet Search Program: A new long-period planet, RV astrometry joint analysis, and a multiplicity-metallicity trend around evolved stars". [[Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan]].
  17. (September 2024). "Non-radial oscillations mimicking a brown dwarf orbiting the cluster giant NGC 4349 No. 127". [[Astronomy & Astrophysics]].
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