1240s in England

Incumbents

• Monarch – Henry III

Events

• 1240
  • Dafydd ap Llywelyn, Prince of Wales, pays homage to King Henry III and agrees to arbitration over the right to rule Wales.
  • Old St Paul's Cathedral in London is consecrated.
  • First perambulation of Dartmoor.
• 1241
  • 1 February – Boniface of Savoy, the Queen's uncle, is enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.
  • 10 August – Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany dies captive at Bristol, ending the senior line of Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany.
  • October – After defeat in a military campaign, Dafydd ap Llywelyn makes Henry his heir.
• 1242
  • May – English army supports rebels in Poitou against French rule.
  • 12 May – Assize of Arms: A royal ordnance requires appointment of constables to summon men to arms, quell breaches of the peace, and to deliver offenders to the sheriff.
  • Royal troops seize the island of Lundy, occupied by the fugitive William de Marisco.
• 1243
  • September – England signs a truce with France.
• 1244
  • Dafydd ap Llywelyn forms alliance of minor Welsh rulers in Wales and begins revolt against English rule.
  • August – Henry blockades Scotland and musters an army at Newcastle upon Tyne after Scots threaten the border.
  • November – Bishops and barons refuse to pay taxes demanded by King Henry, and insist on administrative reforms.
• 1245
  • English army campaigns in north Wales to subdue Dafydd ap Llywelyn. A truce is agreed in the autumn, and Henry returns to England.
  • Crutched Friars established in England.
  • The rebuilding of Westminster Abbey in Gothic style begins.
• 1246
  • Cistercians, together with the King's brother, Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall, found Hailes Abbey in Gloucestershire.
  • Dafydd ap Llywelyn, who had lately claimed the title of prince of Wales, dies and the resistance of the Welsh against English forces in Wales collapses.
• 1247
  • April – Treaty of Woodstock: Dafydd ap Llywelyn's successors, the Welsh princes Llywelyn ap Gruffudd and Owain ap Gruffudd acknowledge Henry as their overlord.
  • 13 June – Coinage reform introduces a new silver coin and establishes seventeen local mints.
  • Romford established as a market town.
  • The Bethlem Royal Hospital founded in London.
• 1248
  • 11 March – Richard of Cornwall presides at the first Trial of the Pyx to determine the purity of coinage.
  • Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester appointed as governor of Gascony, but soon proves unpopular.
• 1249
  • Spring – Bequest of William of Durham for the support of scholars in the University of Oxford, considered as the establishment of University College there.

Births

• 1240
  • 29 September – Margaret of England, daughter of Henry III of England and consort of Alexander III of Scotland (died 1275)
• 1241
  • Eleanor of Castile, queen of Edward I of England (died 1290)
• 1243
  • 2 September – Gilbert de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford, politician (died 1295)
• 1245
  • 16 January – Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster, son of Henry III of England (died 1296)
• 1246
  • 14 September – John FitzAlan, 7th Earl of Arundel (died 1272)
• 1247
  • Little Saint Hugh of Lincoln (died 1255)
• 1249
  • Humphrey de Bohun, 3rd Earl of Hereford (died 1297)

Deaths

• 1240
  • 27 May – William de Warenne, 5th Earl of Surrey (born 1166)
  • 16 November – Edmund of Abingdon, Archbishop of Canterbury, sanctified, dies in France on pilgrimage (born 1175)
• 1241
  • 10 August – Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany, daughter of Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany (born 1184)
  • 1 December – Isabella of England, princess (born 1214)
• 1242
  • 26 March – William de Forz, 3rd Earl of Albemarle (year of birth unknown)
• 1243
  • 12 May – Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent (born c. 1165)
• 1245
  • c. June – Elias of Dereham, canon and building designer
  • 21 August – Alexander of Hales, theologian
• 1246
  • 31 May – Isabella of Angoulême, queen of John of England (born c. 1187)
  • June – Richard Fitz Roy, illegitimate son of King John (born c. 1190)
  • Thomas De Melsonby, last hermit of the Farne Islands
• 1247
  • William de Ferrers, 4th Earl of Derby (born c. 1168)

References

References

1. "Dartmoor: The Perambulation of 1240".
2. Sandles, Tim. "Legendary Dartmoor Mystery & History".
3. (1889). "Police!".
4. (1898). "The History of English Law Before the Time of Edward I".
5. Powicke, F. W.. (1942). "The Writ for Enforcing Watch and Ward, 1242". The English Historical Review.
6. Delbrück, Hans. (1990). "Medieval Warfare".
7. (1978). "A History of the County of Essex".
8. (1995). "The London Encyclopaedia". Macmillan.
9. Palmer, Alan. (1992). "The Chronology of British History". Century Ltd.
10. "Monument No. 8298". [[English Heritage]].