Melchior system
Taxonomic system for flowering plants
title: "Melchior system" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["systems-of-plant-taxonomy"] description: "Taxonomic system for flowering plants" topic_path: "general/systems-of-plant-taxonomy" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melchior_system" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0
::summary Taxonomic system for flowering plants ::
The Melchior system, "a reference in all taxonomic courses", is a classification system detailing the taxonomic system of the Angiospermae according to A. Engler's Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien (1964), also known as "modified or updated" Engler system.
The collaborators in orders (and some families) were the following:
- Hans Melchior in Casuarinales, Juglandales, Balanopales, Leitneriales, Salicales, Fagales, Urticales, Didiereaceae, Piperales, Aristolochiales, Guttiferales, Sarraceniales, Papaverales, Hydrostachyales, Podostemonales, Julianiales, Violales, Cucurbitales, Myrtiflorae, Umbelliflorae, Primulales, Tubiflorae, Plantaginales, Liliiflorae p. p., Spathiflorae and Microspermae.
- G. Buchheim in Proteales, Cactales, Magnoliales and Ranunculales.
- W. Schultze-Motel in Santalales, Balanophorales, Medusandrales, Rhamnales, Malvales, Diapensiales, Ericales and Cyperales.
- Th. Eckardt in Polygonales, Centrospermae, Batales, Plumbaginales, Helobiae, Triuridales and Pandanales.
- G. K. Schultze-Menz in Rosales.
- H. Scholz in Geraniales, Rutales, Sapindales and Celastrales.
- G. Wagenitz in Thymelaeales, Ebenales, Oleales, Gentianales, Dipsacales and Campanulales.
- U. Hamann in Cyanastraceae, Pontederiaceae, Philydraceae, Juncales, Bromeliales and Commelinales.
- E. Potztal in Graminales, Principes, Synanthae and Scitamineae.
{{lang|la|italic=no|subdivisio}} Angiospermae
classis Monocotyledoneae
ordo Helobiae
;subordo Alismatineae
- Alismataceae
- Butomaceae ;subordo Hydrocharitineae
- Hydrocharitaceae ;subordo Scheuchzeriineae
- Scheuchzeriaceae ;subordo Potamogetonineae
- Aponogetonaceae
- Juncaginaceae
- Potamogetonaceae
- Najadaceae
- Zannichelliaceae
ordo [[Triuridales]]
ordo [[Liliiflorae]]
;subordo Liliineae
- Liliaceae
- Xanthorrhoeaceae
- Stemonaceae
- Agavaceae
- Haemodoraceae
- Cyanastraceae
- Amaryllidaceae
- Hypoxidaceae
- Velloziaceae
- Taccaceae
- Dioscoreaceae ;subordo Pontederiineae
- Pontederiaceae ;subordo Iridineae
- Iridaceae
- Geosiridaceae ;subordo Burmanniineae
- Burmanniaceae
- Corsiaceae ;subordo Philydrineae
- Philydraceae
ordo [[Juncales]]
ordo [[Bromeliales]]
ordo [[Commelinales]]
;subordo Commelinineae
- Commelinaceae
- Xyridaceae
- Mayacaceae
- Rapateaceae ;subordo Eriocaulineae
- Eriocaulaceae ;subordo Restionineae
- Restionaceae
- Centrolepidaceae ;subordo Flagellariineae
- Flagellariaceae
ordo [[Graminales]]
ordo [[Principes (botany)|Principes]]
ordo [[Synanthae]]
ordo [[Spathiflorae]]
ordo [[Pandanales]]
ordo [[Cyperales]]
ordo [[Scitamineae]]
ordo [[Microspermae]]
classis Dicotyledoneae
subclassis Archychlamydeae
ordo [[Casuarinales]]
ordo [[Juglandales]]
ordo [[Balanopales]]
ordo [[Leitneriales]]
ordo [[Salicales]]
ordo [[Fagales]]
ordo [[Urticales]]
ordo [[Proteales]]
ordo [[Santalales]]
;subordo Santalineae
- Olacaceae
- Dipentodontaceae
- Opiliaceae
- Grubbiaceae
- Santalaceae
- Misodendraceae ;subordo Loranthineae
- Loranthaceae
ordo [[Balanophorales]]
ordo [[Medusandrales]]
ordo [[Polygonales]]
ordo [[Centrospermae]]
;subordo Phytolaccineae
- Phytolaccaceae
- Gyrostemonaceae
- Achatocarpaceae
- Nyctaginaceae
- Molluginaceae
- Aizoaceae ;subordo Portulacineae
- Portulacaceae
- Basellaceae ;subordo Caryophyllineae
- Caryophyllaceae ;subordo Chenopodiineae
- Dysphaniaceae
- Chenopodiaceae
- Amaranthaceae ;incertae sedis
- Didiereaceae
ordo [[Cactales]]
ordo [[Magnoliales]]
- Magnoliaceae
- Degeneriaceae
- Himantandraceae
- Winteraceae
- Annonaceae
- Eupomatiaceae
- Myristicaceae
- Canellaceae
- Schisandraceae
- Illiciaceae
- Austrobaileyaceae
- Trimeniaceae
- Amborellaceae
- Monimiaceae
- Calycanthaceae
- Gomortegaceae
- Lauraceae
- Hernandiaceae
- Tetracentraceae
- Trochodendraceae
- Eupteleaceae
- Cercidiphyllaceae
ordo [[Ranunculales]]
;subordo Ranunculineae
- Ranunculaceae
- Berberidaceae
- Sargentodoxaceae
- Lardizabalaceae
- Menispermaceae ;subordo Nymphaeineae
- Nymphaeaceae
- Ceratophyllaceae
ordo [[Piperales]]
ordo [[Aristolochiales]]
ordo [[Guttiferales]]
;subordo Dilleniineae
- Dilleniaceae
- Paeoniaceae
- Crossosomataceae
- Medusagynaceae
- Actinidiaceae
- Eucryphiaceae ;subordo Ochnineae
- Ochnaceae
- Dioncophyllaceae
- Strasburgeriaceae
- Dipterocarpaceae ;subordo Theineae
- Theaceae
- Caryocaraceae
- Marcgraviaceae
- Quiinaceae
- Guttiferae or Clusiaceae ;subordo Ancistrocladineae
- Ancistrocladaceae
ordo [[Sarraceniales]]
ordo [[Papaverales]]
;subordo Papaverineae
- Papaveraceae ;subordo Capparineae
- Capparaceae
- Cruciferae or Brassicaceae
- Tovariaceae ; subordo Resedineae
- Resedaceae ;subordo Moringineae
- Moringaceae
ordo [[Batales]]
ordo [[Rosales]]
;subordo Hamamelidineae
- Platanaceae
- Hamamelidaceae
- Myrothamnaceae ;subordo Saxifragineae
- Crassulaceae
- Cephalotaceae
- Saxifragaceae
- Brunelliaceae
- Cunoniaceae
- Davidsoniaceae
- Pittosporaceae
- Byblidaceae
- Roridulaceae
- Bruniaceae ;subordo Rosineae
- Rosaceae
- Neuradaceae
- Chrysobalanaceae ;subordo Leguminosineae
- Connaraceae
- Leguminosae or Fabaceae
- Krameriaceae
ordo [[Hydrostachyales]]
ordo [[Podostemales]]
ordo [[Geraniales]]
;subordo Limnanthineae
- Limnanthaceae ;subordo Geraniineae
- Oxalidaceae
- Geraniaceae
- Tropaeolaceae
- Zygophyllaceae
- Linaceae
- Erythroxylaceae
- subordo Euphorbiineae
- Euphorbiaceae
- Daphniphyllaceae
ordo [[Rutales]]
;subordo Rutineae
- Rutaceae
- Cneoraceae
- Simaroubaceae
- Picrodendraceae
- Burseraceae
- Meliaceae ;subordo Malpighiineae
- Malpighiaceae
- Trigoniaceae
- Vochysiaceae ;subordo Polygalineae
- Tremandraceae
- Polygalaceae
ordo [[Sapindales]]
;subordo Coriariineae
- Coriariaceae ;subordo Anacardiineae
- Anacardiaceae ;subordo Sapindineae
- Aceraceae
- Bretschneideraceae
- Sapindaceae
- Hippocastanaceae
- Sabiaceae
- Melianthaceae
- Aextoxicaceae ;subordo Balsamineae
- Balsaminaceae
ordo [[Julianiales]]
ordo [[Celastrales]]
;subordo Celastrineae
- Cyrillaceae
- Pentaphylacaceae
- Aquifoliaceae
- Corynocarpaceae
- Pandaceae
- Celastraceae
- Staphyleaceae
- Hippocrateaceae
- Stackhousiaceae
- Salvadoraceae ;subordo Buxineae
- Buxaceae ;subordo Icacinineae
- Icacinaceae
- Cardiopteridaceae
ordo [[Rhamnales]]
ordo [[Malvales]]
;subordo Elaeocarpineae
- Elaeocarpaceae ;subordo Sarcolaenineae
- Sarcolaenaceae ;subordo Malvineae
- Tiliaceae
- Malvaceae
- Bombacaceae
- Sterculiaceae ;subordo Scytopetalineae
- Scytopetalaceae
ordo [[Thymelaeales]]
- Family Geissolomataceae
- Monotypic. It consists of genus Geissoloma Lindl. ex Kunth, and species Geissoloma marginatum, from Cape, South Africa.
- Family Penaeaceae from South Africa.
- Tribe Endonemeae
- Endonema A.Juss.
- Glischrocolla (Endl.) A.DC.
- Tribe Penaeeae
- Brachysiphon A.Juss.
- Penaea L.
- Saltera Bullock (syn.:Sarcocolla Kunth) Note: Sonderothamnus R.Dahlgren, 1968 is posterior to the publication of this work, and Stylapterus A.Juss. was included by G. Bentham & J.D. Hooker in Penaea.
- Tribe Endonemeae
- Family Dichapetalaceae
- Dichapetalum Thouars
- Gonypetalum Ule (currently syn. of Tapura)
- Stephanopodium Poepp.
- Tapura Aubl.
- Family Thymelaeaceae
Note: the classification of Thymelaeaceae was based on Domke 1934.
- Subfamily Gonystyloideae (Syn.:Gonystylaceae)
- Subfamily Aquilarioideae
- Tribe Microsemmateae
- Tribe Solmsieae
- Tribe Octolepideae
- Tribe Aquilarieae
- Subfamily Gilgiodaphnoideae (or Synandrodaphnoideae)
- Monotypic. It consists of genus Gilgiodaphne (currently synonym of Synandrodaphne Gilg), and species Gilgiodaphne paradoxa, syn. of Synandrodaphne paradoxa, from West Africa.
- Subfamily Thymelaeoideae
- Tribe Dicranolepideae
- Tribe Phalerieae
- Tribe Daphneae
- Tribe Thymelaeeae (Syn.:Gnidieae)
- Family Elaeagnaceae
ordo [[Violales]]
;subordo Flacourtiineae
- Flacourtiaceae
- Peridiscaceae
- Violaceae
- Stachyuraceae
- Scyphostegiaceae
- Turneraceae
- Malesherbiaceae
- Passifloraceae
- Achariaceae ;subordo Cistineae
- Cistaceae
- Bixaceae
- Sphaerosepalaceae
- Cochlospermaceae ;subordo Tamaricineae
- Tamaricaceae
- Frankeniaceae
- Elatinaceae ;subordo Caricineae
- Caricaceae ;subordo Loasineae
- Loasaceae ;subordo Begoniineae
- Datiscaceae
- Begoniaceae
ordo [[Cucurbitales]]
ordo [[Myrtiflorae]]
;subordo Myrtineae
- Lythraceae
- Trapaceae
- Crypteroniaceae
- Myrtaceae
- Dialypetalanthaceae
- Sonneratiaceae
- Punicaceae
- Lecythidaceae
- Melastomataceae
- Rhizophoraceae
- Combretaceae
- Onagraceae
- Oliniaceae
- Haloragaceae
- Theligonaceae ;subordo Hippuridineae
- Hippuridaceae ;subordo Cynomoriineae
- Cynomoriaceae
ordo [[Umbelliflorae]]
subclassis [[Sympetalae]]
ordo [[Diapensiales]]
ordo [[Ericales]]
ordo [[Primulales]]
ordo [[Plumbaginales]]
ordo [[Ebenales]]
;subordo Sapotineae
- Sapotaceae
- Sarcospermataceae ;subordo Ebenineae
- Ebenaceae
- Styracaceae
- Lissocarpaceae
- Symplocaceae
- Hoplestigmataceae
ordo [[Oleales]]
ordo [[Gentianales]]
ordo [[Tubiflorae]]
;subordo Convolvulineae
- Polemoniaceae
- Fouquieriaceae
- Convolvulaceae ;subordo Boraginineae
- Hydrophyllaceae
- Boraginaceae
- Lennoaceae ;subordo Verbenineae
- Verbenaceae
- Callitrichaceae
- Labiatae or Lamiaceae ;subordo Solanineae
- Nolanaceae
- Solanaceae
- Duckeodendraceae
- Buddlejaceae
- Scrophulariaceae
- Globulariaceae
- Bignoniaceae
- Henriqueziaceae
- Acanthaceae
- Pedaliaceae
- Martyniaceae
- Gesneriaceae
- Columelliaceae
- Orobanchaceae
- Lentibulariaceae ;subordo Myoporineae
- Myoporaceae ;subordo Phrymineae
- Phrymaceae
ordo [[Plantaginales]]
ordo [[Dipsacales]]
ordo [[Campanulales]]
- Campanulaceae
- Sphenocleaceae
- Pentaphragmataceae
- Goodeniaceae
- Brunoniaceae
- Stylidiaceae
- Calyceraceae
- Compositae or Asteraceae
References
Bibliography
References
- Swift, Lloyd H.. (1974). "Botanical Classifications". Archon Books.
- H. Melchior. (1964). "Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien". Berlin-Nikolassee, Gebr. Borntraeger.
- Domke, W. (1934).Untersuchungen über die geographische und systematische Gliederung der Thymelaeaceae. ''Biblioth. Bot.'' 111:1-151.
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