Ulmaceae

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Family of flowering plants

title: "Ulmaceae" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["ulmaceae", "rosales", "rosid-families"] description: "Family of flowering plants" topic_path: "general/ulmaceae" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulmaceae" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Family of flowering plants ::

| fossil_range = | image = Ulmus laciniata.jpg | image_caption = Ulmus laciniata Morton Arboretum acc. 180-84-1 | taxon = Ulmaceae | authority = Mirb. 1815 | type_species = Ulmus | type_species_authority = L. 1753 | subdivision_ranks = Genera | subdivision = * Ampelocera Klotzsch 1847 (12 spp.)

  • Hemiptelea Planch. 1872 (1 sp.)
  • Holoptelea Planch. 1848 (1 sp.)
  • Phyllostylon Benth. 1880 (2 spp.)
  • Planera J.F.Gmel. 1791 (1 sp.)
  • Ulmus L. 1753 (40 spp.)
  • Zelkova Spach 1841 (6 spp.) | range_map = Ulmaceae Distribution.svg | range_map_caption = The range of Ulmaceae. | synonyms = * Samaracaceae Dulac | synonyms_ref =

The Ulmaceae () are a family of flowering plants that includes the elms (genus Ulmus), and the zelkovas (genus Zelkova). Members of the family are widely distributed throughout the north temperate zone, and have a scattered distribution elsewhere except for Australasia.

The family was formerly sometimes treated to include the hackberries, (Celtis and allies), but an analysis by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group suggests that these genera are better placed in the related family Cannabaceae. It generally is considered to include ca 7 genera and about 45 species. Some classifications also include the genus Ampelocera.

Description

The family is a group of evergreen or deciduous trees and shrubs with mucilaginous substances in leaf and bark tissue. Leaves are usually alternate on the stems. The leaf blades are simple (not compound), with entire (smooth) or variously toothed margins, and often have an asymmetrical base. The flowers are small and either bisexual or unisexual. The fruit is an indehiscent samara, nut, or drupe.

Uses

Ulmus provides important timber trees mostly for furniture.

Phylogeny

Modern molecular phylogenetics suggest the following relationships:

|1={{clade |1=Cannabaceae (outgroup) |label2=Ulmaceae |2={{clade |1={{clade |1=Holoptelea |2=Ampelocera |2={{clade |1=Hemiptelea |2={{clade |1=Zelkova |2=Ulmus

References

References

  1. "Rosales".
  2. Zhang, Qiu-Yue. (2022). "The diversification of the northern temperate woody flora – A case study of the Elm family (Ulmaceae) based on phylogenomic and paleobotanical evidence". Journal of Systematics and Evolution.
  3. Denk, T. (February 2005). "Phylogeny and biogeography of ''Zelkova'' (Ulmaceae ''sensu stricto'') as inferred from leaf morphology, ITS sequence data and the fossil record". [[Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society.
  4. Watson, L.. (1992). "The Families of Flowering Plants: Ulmaceae Mirb.".
  5. Stevens, P. (2001). "Angiosperm Phylogeny Website". Missouri Botanical Garden.
  6. Christenhusz, M. J. M.. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". Phytotaxa.
  7. Ueda, Kunihiko. (June 1997). "A molecular phylogeny of Celtidaceae and Ulmaceae (Urticales) based on ''rbcL'' nucleotide sequences". Journal of Plant Research.
  8. (2002). "Urticalean rosids: Circumscription, rosid ancestry, and phylogenetics based on ''rbcL'', ''trnL''–''F'', and ''ndhF'' sequences". [[American Journal of Botany.
  9. (1996). "Phylogenetic analysis of Ulmaceae". [[Plant Systematics and Evolution.
  10. (July 7–11, 2012). "Fossils, biogeography and dates in an expanded phylogeny of Ulmaceae". Botanical Society of America.
  11. Sun M. (2016). "Phylogeny of the Rosidae: A dense taxon sampling analysis". Journal of Systematics and Evolution.

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ulmaceaerosalesrosid-families