YY1

Function

YY1 is a ubiquitously distributed transcription factor belonging to the GLI-Kruppel class of zinc finger proteins. The protein is involved in repressing and activating a diverse number of promoters. Hence, the YY in the name stands for "yin-yang." YY1 may direct histone deacetylases and histone acetyltransferases to a promoter in order to activate or repress the promoter, thus implicating histone modification in the function of YY1. YY1 promotes enhancer-promoter chromatin loops by forming dimers and promoting DNA interactions. Its dysregulation disrupts enhancer-promoter loops and gene expression.

Clinical significance

YY1 heterozygous deletions, missense, and nonsense mutations cause Gabriele-DeVries syndrome (GADEVS), an autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intellectual disability, dysmorphic facial features, feeding problems, intrauterine growth restriction, variable cognitive impairment, behavioral problems and other congenital malformations. A website is available in order to collect and share clinical information between clinicians and the families of affected individuals.

Interactions

YY1 has been shown to interact with:

• ATF6,
• EP300
• FKBP3
• HDAC3
• Histone deacetylase 2
• Myc
• NOTCH1
• RYBP and
• SAP30
• Serine—tRNA ligase

References

References

1. (2011). "Oncogenic potential of yin yang 1 mediated through control of imprinted genes". Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis.
2. (Oct 1991). "Transcriptional repression by YY1, a human GLI-Krüppel-related protein, and relief of repression by adenovirus E1A protein". Cell.
3. (Apr 1994). "Chromosomal localization of the transcription factor YY1 in the mouse and human". Mammalian Genome.
4. "Entrez Gene: YY1 YY1 transcription factor".
5. (December 2017). "YY1 Is a Structural Regulator of Enhancer-Promoter Loops". Cell.
6. "Gabriele-de Vries Syndrome". OMIM.
7. (1993). "GeneReviews [Internet].". University of Washington, Seattle.
8. (June 2017). "YY1 Haploinsufficiency Causes an Intellectual Disability Syndrome Featuring Transcriptional and Chromatin Dysfunction". American Journal of Human Genetics.
9. "YY1 – Collect information about clinic management and research projects".
10. (Jul 2000). "ATF6 as a transcription activator of the endoplasmic reticulum stress element: thapsigargin stress-induced changes and synergistic interactions with NF-Y and YY1". Molecular and Cellular Biology.
11. (May 1995). "Relief of YY1 transcriptional repression by adenovirus E1A is mediated by E1A-associated protein p300". Genes & Development.
12. (Sep 2001). "The FK506-binding protein 25 functionally associates with histone deacetylases and with transcription factor YY1". The EMBO Journal.
13. (Sep 2001). "Regulation of transcription factor YY1 by acetylation and deacetylation". Molecular and Cellular Biology.
14. (Oct 1997). "Isolation and characterization of cDNAs corresponding to an additional member of the human histone deacetylase gene family". The Journal of Biological Chemistry.
15. (Feb 1997). "Yeast two-hybrid cloning of a novel zinc finger protein that interacts with the multifunctional transcription factor YY1". Nucleic Acids Research.
16. (Dec 1993). "Inhibition of transcriptional regulator Yin-Yang-1 by association with c-Myc". Science.
17. (Oct 2003). "Association of transcription factor YY1 with the high molecular weight Notch complex suppresses the transactivation activity of Notch". The Journal of Biological Chemistry.
18. (Jun 1999). "RYBP, a new repressor protein that interacts with components of the mammalian Polycomb complex, and with the transcription factor YY1". The EMBO Journal.
19. (Jun 2003). "Modulation of YY1 activity by SAP30". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications.
20. (Nov 2017). "Competitive binding between Seryl-tRNA synthetase/YY1 complex and NFKB1 at the distal segment results in differential regulation of human vegfa promoter activity during angiogenesis". Nucleic Acids Research.