Xayar County

History

In 1902, Xayar County was established.

In March 1964, Tarim Farm (塔里木农场) was founded. In 1970, Tarim Farm was renamed Nong Yi Shi 15th Regiment (农一师十五团). In 1973, Nong Yi Shi 15th Regiment was renamed Third Laogai Detachment (第三劳改支队). As of 1982, the prison had a cotton processing factory. In 1985, Third Laogai Detachment was renamed Tarim Laogai Detachment (塔里木劳改支队). In 1994, Tarim Laogai Detachment was renamed Tarim Prison (塔里木监狱).

On July 15, 1996, a prison rebellion in Xayar County led to the deaths of fifteen.

In 1998, Tarim Prison was renamed Xayar Prison (沙雅监狱).

In June 2008, Gezqum Township (Gaizikumu) was established. On December 30, 2008, the township's government started operation.

In 2011, Yantaqsheher Township (Yangtakexiehai'er) was established.

In 2012, Xadadong (Hadedun) was established. On February 25, 2013, the town's government started operation.

On May 26, 2014, Gulbagh (Gulebage), then a township, was made a town.

Administrative divisions

Xayar County included seven towns, four townships and four other areas:

Other areas: Xinken Farm (新垦农场), No. 2 Pasture (二牧场), Xayar Prison (Xinjiang Shaya Prison, 沙雅监狱), Xayar County Industrial Zone (沙雅县工业集中区).

Climate

|Jan record high C = 7.6 |Jan record low C = -24.2 |Feb record high C = 15.6 |Feb record low C = -22.9 |Mar record high C = 26.6 |Mar record low C = -9.7 |Apr record high C = 35.8 |Apr record low C = -2.0 |May record high C = 36.4 |May record low C = 2.2 |Jun record high C = 38.9 |Jun record low C = 8.0 |Jul record high C = 40.5 |Jul record low C = 10.9 |Aug record high C = 41.2 |Aug record low C = 9.7 |Sep record high C = 36.1 |Sep record low C = 3.9 |Oct record high C = 30.0 |Oct record low C = -3.3 |Nov record high C = 21.4 |Nov record low C = -14.2 |Dec record high C = 10.5 |Dec record low C = -22.6

Economy

Agriculture and animal husbandry are equally strong in the county. Agricultural products include wheat, corn and cotton as well as melons, yema ({{linktext|野麻}}), walnut, velvet antler, muskrat, and licorice root. The county is the main location for Sanbei Sheep (三北羊) lambskin production. Industries include knitting, leather making, food processing and others.

The seven major speciality products of the county include Tarim Huyang, cotton, red deer, dates, Karakul sheep, salt cedar, and sword-leaf dogbane.

, there was about 45,900 acres (303,747 mu) of cultivated land in Xayar.

Demographics

|2000|202992 |2010|257502 |}}

As of 2015, 230,129 of the 274,382 residents of the county were Uyghur, 41,463 were Han Chinese and 2,790 were from other ethnic groups.

Most residents of Xayar are Muslim Uyghurs.

As of 1999, 84.05% of the population of Xayar (Shaya) County was Uyghur and 14.6% of the population was Han Chinese.

Transportation

• China National Highway 217

Historical maps

Historical English-language maps including Xayar: File:STANFORD(1917) p61 PLATE19. SINKIANG (14597194848).jpg|Map including Xayar (labeled as Shahyar) (1917) File:A-k`o-su NK-44 (1950) - panoramio.jpg|Map including Xayar and surrounding region from the International Map of the World (AMS, 1950) File:Txu-pclmaps-oclc-22834566 f-6c.jpg|Map including Xayar (DMA, 1981) File:Operational Navigation Chart F-6, 6th edition.jpg|From the Operational Navigation Chart; map including Xayar (labeled as Sha-ya (Xayar)) (DMA, 1985)

Notes

References

References

1. (11 November 2009). "A poplar destination: Xayar County".
2. [http://www.citypopulation.de/en/china/xinjiang/admin/ Xinjiang: Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties]
3. (26 September 2019). "Pic story: oil workers at Shunbei oil-gas field in China's Xinjiang".
4. Ted Regencia. (25 October 2019). "Communist loyalty no shield for Uighurs from Chinese detention".
5. {{GEOnet2. DB99C42FE7F33C34E040D6A415F71A66. Xayar (Approved - N), [[National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency]]
6. (2016). "Complete Atlas Of The World". [[Penguin Random House]].
7. The official spelling is "Shayar" according to. [[SinoMaps Press]]. (1997)
8. (9 October 2019). "Even in death, Uighurs feel long reach of Chinese state".
9. (11 October 2019). "China disturbs even the Uighur dead in 'development' of Xinjiang".
10. (16 April 2015). "Police Conduct Raids in Xinjiang a Year After Flag Burning at Mosque".
11. (2 January 2012). "China dissident lawyer Gao Zhisheng 'in Xinjiang jail'".
12. 沙雅县史志办. (1 October 2011). link
13. (15 January 2019). link. Tang Yaozeng 汤耀增
14. (2010). "The ETIM: China's Islamic Militants and the Global Terrorist Threat". [[Praeger Publishing]].
15. link. XZQH.org. (30 January 2015). zh-hans. 2010年第六次人口普查，沙雅县常住总人口257502人，其中：沙雅镇51806人，托依堡勒迪镇42227人，红旗镇31736人，英买力镇43151人，古勒巴格乡28795人，海楼乡23198人，努尔巴格乡10952人，塔里木乡6940人，盖孜库木乡8827人，新垦农场1684人，一牧场1849人，二牧场1528人，沙雅监狱4429人，沙雅县工业集中380人。2011年，设立央塔克协海尔乡。2012年，设立哈德墩镇（镇政府于2013年2月25日正式挂牌成立）。2014年5月26日，自治区政府（新政函[2014]80号）批复同意撤销古勒巴格乡，设立古勒巴格镇。至此，全县辖6个镇、5个乡。
16. link. zh-hans. 辖7镇4乡1管委会，169个村（社区），. ug. شايار {{lang. zh-hans. 沙雅县人民政府
17. link. [[National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China]]. (2019). zh-hans. 统计用区划代码 名称 652924100000 沙雅镇 652924101000 托依堡勒迪镇 652924102000 红旗镇 652924103000 英买力镇 652924104000 沙雅县哈德墩镇 652924105000 古勒巴格镇 652924106000 海楼镇 652924205000 努尔巴格乡 652924206000 塔里木乡 652924207000 盖孜库木乡 652924208000 央塔克协海尔乡 652924400000 新垦农场 652924402000 二牧场 652924403000 沙雅监狱 652924404000 沙雅县工业集中区
18. (2003). Xie Yuzhong {{lang. zh-hans. 解玉忠. [[Xinjiang People's Press]]. zh-hans. 托依堡勒迪 Toyboldi {...}
    {{lang. zh-hans. 古勒巴格 Gülbag {...}
19. Han Lianchao. (August 2019). "Cotton: The Fabric Full of Lies". [[Citizen Power Initiatives for China]].
20. link. [[China Meteorological Administration]]
21. (September 2009). 上海辞书出版社. [[Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House]].
22. Herold J. Wiens. (November 1966). "Cultivation Development and Expansion in China's Colonial Realm in Central Asia". [[The Journal of Asian Studies]].
23. link. {{lang. ug. شىنجاڭ ئۇيغۇر ئاپتونوم رايونى {{lang. zh-hans. 新疆维吾尔自治区统计局 Statistic Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. (15 March 2017)
24. (2004). "Governing China's Multiethnic Frontiers". [[University of Washington Press]].