From Surf Wiki (app.surf) — the open knowledge base

Wright R-1820 Cyclone

R-9 piston aircraft engine family

Field	Value
name	R-1820 Cyclone
image	File:Wright R-1820 G.jpg
caption	Curtiss-Wright R-1820 Cyclone Radial Engine
engine_type	Radial engine
manufacturer	Wright Aeronautical
national_origin	United States
first_run	1930s
major_applications
number_built	47,475
variants_with_their_own_articles	Shvetsov M-25
developed_into

The Wright R-1820 Cyclone 9 is an American radial engine developed by Curtiss-Wright, widely used on aircraft in the 1930s through 1950s. It was produced under license in France as the Hispano-Suiza 9V or Hispano-Wright 9V, and in the Soviet Union as the Shvetsov M-25.

Design and development

The R-1820 Cyclone 9 represented a further development of the Wright P-2 engine dating back to 1925. Featuring a greater displacement and a host of improvements, the R-1820 entered production in 1931. The engine remained in production well into the 1950s.

The R-1820 was built under license by Lycoming, Pratt & Whitney Canada, and also, during World War II, by the Studebaker Corporation. The Soviet Union had purchased a license for the design, and the Shvetsov OKB was formed to metricate the American specification powerplant for Soviet government-factory production as the M-25, with the R-1820's general design features used by the Shvetsov design bureau for many of their future radials for the Soviet air forces through the 1940s and onwards. In Spain the R-1820 was license-built as the Hispano-Suiza 9V or Hispano-Wright 9V.

The R-1820 was at the heart of many famous aircraft including early Douglas airliners (the prototype DC-1, the DC-2, the first civil versions of the DC-3, and the limited-production DC-5), every wartime example of the Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress and Douglas SBD Dauntless bombers, the early versions of the Polikarpov I-16 fighter (as the M-25), and the Piasecki H-21 helicopter.

The R-1820 also found limited use in armored vehicles. The G-200 variant developed 900 hp at 2,300 rpm and powered the strictly experimental M6 Heavy Tank.

D-200 Diesel

The Wright R-1820 was converted to multi-fuel during World War II by Caterpillar Inc. as the D-200 and produced 450 hp at 2,000 rpm in the M4A6 Sherman.

Variants

;R-1820-04 :700 hp ;R-1820-1 :575 hp ;R-1820-4 :770 hp ;R-1820-19 :675 hp ;R-1820-21 :690 hp ;R-1820-22 :950 hp ;R-1820-25 :675 hp, 750 hp, 775 hp ;R-1820-32 :1000 hp ;XR-1820-32 :800 hp ;R-1820-33 :775 hp ;R-1820-34 :940 hp, 950 hp ;R-1820-34A :1200 hp ;R-1820-40/42 :1100 hp, 1200 hp ;R-1820-41 :850 hp ;R-1820-45 :800 hp, 930 hp ;R-1820-49 :975 hp ;R-1820-50 :850 hp ;R-1820-52 :1000 hp ;R-1820-53 :930 hp, 1000 hp ;R-1820-56 :1200 hp, 1350 hp ;R-1820-57 :1,060 hp (790 kW) ;R-1820-60 :1200 hp ;R-1820-62 :1350 hp ;R-1820-66 :1,200 hp (895 kW), 1,350 hp (1,007 kW) ;R-1820-67/69 :1200 hp, fitted with turbosupercharger ;R-1820-72W :1350 hp, 1425 hp ;R-1820-74W :1500 hp ;R-1820-76A,B,C,D :1425 hp ;R-1820-77 :1200 hp ;R-1820-78 :700 hp (522 kW), 1100 hp ;R-1820-80 :700 hp, 1535 hp ;R-1820-82WA :1525 hp ;R-1820-84 :1525 hp ;R-1820-86 :1425 hp ;R-1820-97 :1200 hp, fitted with turbosupercharger ;R-1820-103 :1425 hp ;SGR-1820-F3 :710 hp, 720 hp ;SGR-1820-F2 :720 hp ;R-1820-F53 :770 hp ;R-1820-F56 :790 hp ;GR-1820-G2 :1000 hp ;R-1820-G3 :840 hp ;R-1820-G5 :950 hp ;R-1820-G101 :1100 hp ;R-1820-G102 :775 hp ;GR-1820-G102A :1100 hp ;R-1820-G102A :1100 hp ;R-1820-G102A :1100 hp ;R-1820-G202A :1200 hp ;R-1820-G103 :1000 hp ;R-1820-G105 :1000 hp ;R-1820-G205A :1200 hp Notes: Unit numbers ending with W indicate engine variants fitted with water-methanol emergency power boost systems.

Hispano-Suiza 9V

The Hispano-Suiza 9V is a licence-built version of the R-1820. ;Hispano-Suiza 9Vr:9V with reduction gear ;Hispano-Suiza 9Vb: ;Hispano-Suiza 9Vbr:variant of the 9Vb with reduction gear ;Hispano-Suiza 9Vbrs:variant of the 9Vb with reduction gear and supercharger ;Hispano-Suiza 9Vbs:variant of the 9Vb with supercharger ;Hispano-Suiza 9Vd:variant of the 9V ;Hispano-Suiza 9V-10:575 hp driving fixed-pitch propeller ;Hispano-Suiza 9V-11:as -10 but RH rotation ;Hispano-Suiza 9V-16:650 hp driving variable-pitch propeller, LH rotation ;Hispano-Suiza 9V-17:as -16 but RH rotation

Applications

Bloch MB.221
Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress
Boeing 307 Stratoliner
Brewster F2A Buffalo
Curtiss AT-32-A Condor
Curtiss SBC-4 Helldiver
Curtiss P-36 Hawk
Curtiss SC Seahawk
Curtiss-Wright CW-21
Douglas A-33
Douglas B-18 Bolo
Douglas DC-2
Douglas DC-3 (DST, G-102 and G-202)
Douglas R4D-8/C-117D
Douglas DC-5
Douglas DF Wright SGR-1820G-2
Douglas SBD Dauntless
FMA AeMB.2 Bombi
General Motors FM-2 Wildcat
Grumman TF-1 / C-1 Trader
Grumman E-1 Tracer
Grumman FF
Grumman F3F
Grumman XF5F Skyrocket
Grumman XP-50
Grumman HU-16 Albatross
Grumman J2F Duck
Grumman S-2 Tracker
Lockheed Model 14 Super Electra
Lockheed Model 18 Lodestar
Lockheed Hudson
Martin B-10
North American A-27
North American O-47
North American P-64
North American T-28B/C/D Trojan
Northrop N-3PB
Northrop YC-125 Raider
Piasecki H-21
Polikarpov I-16
PZL.44 Wicher
Ryan FR Fireball
Sikorsky S-58/HUS/HSS/H-34
Vultee V-1

Vehicles

M4A6 tank
M6 heavy tank

Engines on display

Preserved Wright R-1820 engines are on display at the following museums:

American Airlines C.R. Smith Museum
Fleet Air Arm Museum
Delta Flight Museum
National Air and Space Museum
National Museum of the U.S. Air Force
San Diego Air & Space Museum
Wings of Freedom Aviation Museum

File:Engine of Douglas DC-3.jpg|Wright R-1820 Cyclone 9 engine of restored Douglas DC-3 "Flagship Knoxville" at American Airlines C.R. Smith Museum File:2020-09-038-R1820.jpg|Wright R-1820 cutaway at the Museum of Aviation File:20-09-117-R 1820.jpg|Wright R-1820 at the Museum of Aviation File:Wright R-1820-82 Cyclone Radial Engine.jpg|Wright R-1820-82 Cyclone Radial Engine at Wings of Freedom Aviation Museum, Horsham, Pennsylvania File:Cutaway Curtis Wright R-1820 Cyclone.jpg|Curtiss Wright R-1820 Cyclone engine on display at the San Diego Air & Space Museum

Specifications (GR-1820-G2)

| and start a new, fully-formatted line with -- |power/weight=0.84 hp/lb (1.39 kW/kg)

References

Bibliography

Bridgman, L, (ed.) (1998) Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War II. Crescent. .
Eden, Paul & Soph Moeng, The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft. Amber Books Ltd. Bradley's Close, 74-77 White Lion Street, London, NI 9PF, 2002, .
Gunston, Bill. World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines: From the Pioneers to the Present Day. 5th edition, Stroud, UK: Sutton, 2006.
White, Graham. Allied Aircraft Piston Engines of World War II: History and Development of Frontline Aircraft Piston Engines Produced by Great Britain and the United States During World War II. Warrendale, Pennsylvania: SAE International, 1995.

References

"SUMMARY OF WRIGHT ENGINE SHIPMENTS 1920 – 1930".
Lage(2004) pp. 157-162
Hartmann, Gustave. "Hispano-Suiza, Les moteurs de tous les Records.pdf".
(8 January 2013). "Flagship Knoxville — an American Airlines Douglas DC-3". Hearst Seattle Media.
"Exhibit & Collection".
Bridgman 1998, p. 314.

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

aircraft-air-cooled-radial-piston-engines wright-aircraft-engines 1930s-aircraft-piston-engines

Want to explore this topic further?

Ask Mako anything about Wright R-1820 Cyclone — get instant answers, deeper analysis, and related topics.

Research with Mako

Free with your Surf account

Content sourced from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This content may have been generated or modified by AI. CloudSurf Software LLC is not responsible for the accuracy, completeness, or reliability of AI-generated content. Always verify important information from primary sources.

Report