From Surf Wiki (app.surf) — the open knowledge base
Warang Citi
Writing script for Ho language of India
Writing script for Ho language of India
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| sample | {{multiple image |
| align | center |
| total_width | 320 |
| image1 | Shukla Warang Citi Uppercase.svg |
| caption1 | Uppercase |
| image2 | Shukla Warang Citi Lowercase.svg |
| caption2 | Lowercase |
| caption | The word 'Warang Chiti (Hbårŋ chiti-Undying Writing)' in Warang Chiti uppercase and lowercase script |
| type | Alphabet |
| time | 1950s — present |
| creator | Lako Bodra |
| languages | Ho |
| fam1 | original invention |
| iso15924 | Wara |
| unicode | U+118A0–U+118FF |
| note | none |
| altname | 𑢹𑣗𑣁𑣜𑣊 𑢯𑣂𑣕𑣂 |
Final Accepted Script Proposal Warang Chiti (also written Varang Kshiti; , IPA: /wɐrɐŋ ʧɪt̪ɪ/) is a writing system invented by Lako Bodra for the Ho language spoken in East India. It is used in primary and adult education and in various publications.
It has mainly gained acceptance among the easternmost group of speakers, and is more prevalent among those who have been educated in it. Many other speakers prefer oral transmission of knowledge, Devanagari, or Latin, but Warang Chiti holds prestige among many Ho speakers.
History
Community leader Bodra invented it as an alternative to the writing systems devised by Christian missionaries. He claims that the alphabet was invented in the 13th century by Deowan Turi, and that it was rediscovered in a shamanistic vision and Bodra modernized.
Letters
Warang Citi is quite distinct from other writing systems of India, and it has features of an abugida and an alphabet. As in Brahmic abugidas, consonant letters have an inherent vowel, usually /a/ or /ɔ/ but sometimes /ɛ/. The inherent vowel is not pronounced at the end of the word. Unlike in Brahmic abugidas, and more like in an alphabet, the full vowel letters are always written after the consonant, letters usually don't form ligatures, and there is no virama character.
It follows capitalization rules as are done in English and follows English punctuation. There are few ligatures that combine to form new sounds, and there are conjunct consonants that are used as well by stacking in some cases. It is written from left to right in horizontal lines.
The script begins with the letter Ong, which corresponds to Om in other Brahmic scripts. It has 32 letters in total with capital and small letters.
| {{letter | s=Wara | ch1=𑢵 | ch2=𑣕 | top=ot | note=t}} | {{letter | s=Wara | ch1=𑢶 | ch2=𑣖 | top=am | note=m}} | {{letter | s=Wara | ch1=𑢷 | ch2=𑣗 | top=bu | note=b}} | {{letter | s=Wara | ch1=𑢸 | ch2=𑣘 | top=pu | note=p}} | {{letter | s=Wara | ch1=𑢹 | ch2=𑣙 | top=hiyo | note=h}} | {{letter | s=Wara | ch1=𑢺 | ch2=𑣚 | top=holo | note=l}} | {{letter | s=Wara | ch1=𑢻 | ch2=𑣛 | top=horr | note=ṛ}} | {{letter | s=Wara | ch1=𑢼 | ch2=𑣜 | top=har | note=r}} | {{letter | s=Wara | ch1=𑢽 | ch2=𑣝 | top=ssuu | note=ṣ}} | {{letter | s=Wara | ch1=𑢾 | ch2=𑣞 | top=sii | note=s}} | {{letter | s=Wara | ch1=𑢿 | ch2=𑣟 | top=viyo | name=viyo | group=letters | ligature of 𑢡 and 𑢹}}}} |
|---|
Numerals
Warang Citi uses its own set of numerals. The digits 0-9 are used in modern writing, but the signs for larger numbers are falling into disuse.
Unicode
Main article: Warang Citi (Unicode block)
Warang Citi was added to the Unicode Standard in June 2014 with the release of version 7.0.
The Unicode block for Warang Citi is U+118A0–U+118FF. Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points:
References
References
- Everson, Michael. (2012-04-19). "N4259: Final proposal for encoding the Warang Chiti script in the SMP of the UCS".
This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.
Ask Mako anything about Warang Citi — get instant answers, deeper analysis, and related topics.
Research with MakoFree with your Surf account
Create a free account to save articles, ask Mako questions, and organize your research.
Sign up freeThis content may have been generated or modified by AI. CloudSurf Software LLC is not responsible for the accuracy, completeness, or reliability of AI-generated content. Always verify important information from primary sources.
Report