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Wacker Drive

Major street in Chicago, Illinois

Wacker Drive

Major street in Chicago, Illinois

FieldValue
nameWacker Drive
imageChicago (ILL), Michigan-Wacker Historic District - " Wacker drive " (4824641365).jpg
captionUpper Wacker Drive, looking west from Michigan Avenue
image_map
map_captionWacker Drive highlighted in red
former_namesMarket Street
Water Street
River Street
length_mi2.2
length_ref
inauguration_date1926
direction_aSouth
terminus_a**Upper Wacker:** Franklin Street/Harrison Street intersection (360 west at 424 south)
direction_bEast
terminus_b(340 north at 400 east)

Water Street River Street

Lower Wacker: Ida B. Wells Drive near Wells Street (220 west at 400 south)

Wacker Drive is a major multilevel street in Chicago, Illinois, running along the south side of the main branch and the east side of the south branch of the Chicago River in the Loop. The vast majority of the street is double-decked; the upper level is intended for regular street-level traffic, and the lower level for service vehicles, deliveries, waste collection, utility access, and through traffic, though the initial idea was that pleasure vehicles would use the upper level. Since it follows the curving path of the Chicago River, Lower Wacker Drive is the only street in the city that adopts both North–South and East–West designations. In certain areas, there is a third level of Wacker Drive, often known as Lower Lower Wacker Drive or Sub-Lower Wacker Drive. This additional layer is primarily used for towing and impounding vehicles, utility infrastructure, and rail access in some areas. The street is named after early 20th-century Chicago businessman and city planner Charles H. Wacker.

History

In 1909, architects Daniel Burnham and Edward H. Bennett drew up a plan for the Commercial Club of Chicago to unify the city's urban design and increase its physical beautification. The improvement of traffic flow in Chicago was a major part of the plan. Among its many recommendations was a double-decked roadway along the river, intended to relieve the congestion at River Street and Rush Street, where 50% of the city's north–south traffic crossed the Chicago River. Charles H. Wacker, chairman of the Chicago Plan Commission, pushed the idea.

The original double-decker road, replacing South Water and River Streets, was completed in 1926 at a cost of $8 million and named after Charles Wacker. The 1926 section stretched from Lake Street to Michigan Avenue, the latter of which was also rebuilt into a two-level road.

An extension south to Congress Parkway and Harrison Street was built between 1948 and 1954, replacing Market Street (after the Market Street stub of the Lake Street Elevated was removed). Extensions east were built in 1963 and 1975, with the latter taking it to Lake Shore Drive, and a new lower level starting at Stetson Avenue. At the time, Lake Shore Drive had an S-curve at the river, running where Wacker now goes between Field Boulevard and current Lake Shore Drive. This S-curve was on a viaduct over the Illinois Central Railroad's rail yard, and was at the level of Upper Wacker; the middle and lower levels dead-ended at that point. The current alignment of Lake Shore Drive was finished in 1986, and in 1987 Middle Wacker was extended to meet the new alignment. The ramps to bring upper traffic down had already been built; upper has been dead-ended where it used to end at Lake Shore Drive.

access-date=2008-01-04 }}</ref>

In spring of 2010, work commenced on rebuilding the north–south section of Wacker, from Randolph Street to Congress Parkway, including the upper and lower levels. This is a continuation of the Revive Wacker Drive project started in 2001.

Wacker is the only street to intersect both State Street (the east–west center line) and Madison Street (the north–south center line), although Lake Shore Drive and LaSalle Street/Drive also each cross both dividing lines.

In April 2014, The American Council of Engineering Companies awarded the Wacker Drive and Congress Parkway Reconstruction project its Grand Conceptor Award. The project team was led by TranSystems and included roadway, bridge and tunnel improvement work. The project involved complex staging to keep 135,000 vehicles and 150,000 pedestrians moving through the construction zone each day.

Intersections

The following streets intersect Upper Wacker Drive, from south to north and west to east. Most upper-level streets that end at Wacker Drive, with only right turns allowed, are not included.

The following streets intersect Lower Wacker Drive, from south to north and west to east.

Explanatory notes

References

References

  1. [https://maps.google.com Google Maps] estimate.
  2. Hayner, Don and Tom McNamee, ''Streetwise Chicago'', "Wacker Drive", p. 129., [[Loyola University Press]], 1988, {{ISBN. 0-8294-0597-6
  3. Garfield, Graham. "Market Terminal". Chicago-L.org.
  4. (October 2001). "Reviving a Landmark". Roads and Bridges.
  5. (2003). "Revive Wacker Drive project".
  6. LaSalle Street is principally a north-south roadway. North of North Avenue however, LaSalle Drive runs generally east-west, intersecting with Clark Street, Stockton Drive, and Lake Shore Drive. Dearborn Parkway, State Parkway, and Astor Street do not exist north of North Avenue; LaSalle Drive crosses State Street/Parkway's 0-E/W meridian while transiting the southern edge of Lincoln Park.
  7. "TranSystems - TranSystems' Wacker Drive Reconstruction Wins Top Honor from ACEC".
  8. name=google_maps
  9. name=google_maps
  10. "The Blues Brothers - Chicago Filming Locations". Locations in the Blues Brothers.
  11. (August 3, 2008). "'THE DARK KNIGHT'".
  12. "Daft Punk - Burnin' (Official Video)".
Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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