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Urbano Rattazzi

Italian politician and statesman (1808–1873)

Field	Value
name	Urbano Rattazzi
image	Urbano Rattazzi-lookingleft.jpg
office	Prime Minister of Italy
monarch	Victor Emmanuel II
term_start	10 April 1867
term_end	27 October 1867
predecessor	Bettino Ricasoli
successor	Luigi Federico Menabrea
monarch1	Victor Emmanuel II
term_start1	3 March 1862
term_end1	8 December 1862
predecessor1	Bettino Ricasoli
successor1	Luigi Carlo Farini
office2	President of the Chamber of Deputies
monarch2	Victor Emmanuel II
term_start2	18 February 1861
term_end2	3 March 1862
predecessor2	Giovanni Lanza
successor2	Sebastiano Tecchio
monarch3	Victor Emmanuel II
term_start3	10 January 1859
term_end3	21 January 1860
predecessor3	Carlo Bon Compagni
successor3	Giovanni Lanza
monarch4	Victor Emmanuel II
term_start4	11 May 1852
term_end4	27 October 1853
predecessor4	Pier Dionigi Pinelli
successor4	Carlo Bon Compagni
office5	Member of the Chamber of Deputies
term_start5	18 February 1861
term_end5	5 June 1873
constituency5	Alessandria (1st)
Tortona (2nd)
birth_date
birth_place	Alessandria, French Empire
death_date
death_place	Frosinone, Kingdom of Italy
nationality	Italian
party	Historical Left
spouse	; his death
children	Romana Rattazzi
alma_mater	University of Turin
profession	Lawyer
signature	Urbano Rattazzi Signature.svg

| honorific-prefix = Tortona (2nd)

Urbano Pio Francesco Rattazzi (; 29 June 1808 5 June 1873) was an Italian politician and statesman.

Personal life

He was born in Alessandria, Piedmont. He studied law at Turin, and in 1838 began his practice, which met with marked success at the capital and Casale. His wife, Laetitia Marie Wyse Bonaparte, whom he married in 1863, was a noted French novelist and a grandniece of Emperor Napoleon I. Together they had one daughter: Romana Rattazzi (1871–1943).

Career

In 1848, Rattazzi was sent to the Sardinian chamber of deputies in Turin as representative of his native town. He allied himself with the Liberal party, i.e. Democrats. By his debating powers, he contributed to the defeat of the Balbo ministry, and in August received the portfolio of Public Instruction, though he left office after a few days. In December, in the Gioberti cabinet, he became Minister of the Interior, and on the fall of Gioberti, in February 1849, Rattazzi was entrusted with the formation of a new cabinet. The defeat at Novara compelled Rattazzi's resignation in March 1849. This work in turn cites:

He left the Democrats for the Moderate Liberals, and formed the group of the center-left. This party formed a coalition with the center-right headed by Cavour. This coalition was known as the connubio, i.e. the union of the moderate men of the Right and of the Left, and brought about the fall of the d'Azeglio cabinet in November 1852 and the organization of a new ministry by Cavour. Rattazzi gave up a Parliament presidency in 1853 to become Minister of Justice and later Minister of the Interior. As Minister of the Interior, he carried a number of measures of reform, including that for the suppression of certain of the monastic orders, partial secularization of church property, and restricting the influence of the religious associations. This precipitated a bitter struggle with the Clerical party. During a momentary reaction of public opinion he resigned office in 1858, but again entered the cabinet under La Marmora in 1859 as Minister of the Interior.

In consequence of the negotiations for the cession of Nice and Savoy to France, which cession he opposed, he again retired in January 1860. On changing his views on this policy, he became president of the lower chamber in the first Italian Parliament, and in March 1862 succeeded Ricasoli in the government, retaining for himself the portfolios of Foreign Affairs and of the Interior. However, in consequence of his policy of repression towards Garibaldi at Aspromonte, he was driven from office in the following December. He was again Prime Minister in 1867, from April to October. Popular reaction to his hostility to Garibaldi again drove him from office. He died at Frosinone on 5 June 1873.

References

{{Cite Americana. (1920)

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