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United States Attorney General

Head of the US Department of Justice

United States Attorney General

Head of the US Department of Justice

FieldValue
postUnited States Attorney General
flagFlag of the United States Attorney General.svg
flagborderyes
flagsize125
flagcaptionFlag of the attorney general
insigniaSeal of the United States Department of Justice.svg
insigniasize125
insigniacaptionSeal of the Department of Justice
imagePam Bondi full portrait.jpg
incumbentPam Bondi
incumbentsinceFebruary 5, 2025
departmentUnited States Department of Justice
styleMadam Attorney General (informal)
The Honorable (formal)
member_ofCabinet
National Security Council
Homeland Security Council
reports_toPresident of the United States
seatRobert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building
Washington, D.C.
appointerThe president
appointer_qualifiedwith Senate advice and consent
termlengthNo fixed term
constituting_instrument
formationSeptember 26, 1789
firstEdmund Randolph
successionSeventh
deputyDeputy Attorney General
salaryExecutive Schedule, LevelI
website

The Honorable (formal) National Security Council Homeland Security Council Washington, D.C.

The United States attorney general (AG) is the head of the United States Department of Justice (DOJ) and serves as the chief law enforcement officer of the federal government. The attorney general acts as the principal legal advisor to the president of the United States on all legal matters. The attorney general is also a statutory member of the Cabinet of the United States and a member of the United States National Security Council. Additionally, the attorney general is seventh in the presidential line of succession. The attorney general is the only cabinet department head who is not given the title Secretary.

Under the Appointments Clause of the United States Constitution, the officeholder is nominated by the president of the United States, and, following a confirmation hearing before the Senate Judiciary Committee, will take office if confirmed by the majority of the full United States Senate. The attorney general is supported by the Office of the Attorney General, which includes executive staff and several deputy attorneys general.

The attorney general is a Level I position in the Executive Schedule and thus earns the salary prescribed for that level: $250,600, as of January 2025.

Name

The title Attorney General is an example of a noun (attorney) followed by a postpositive adjective (general). "General" is a description of the type of attorney, not a title or rank in itself (as it would be in the military). Even though the attorney general (and the similarly titled solicitor general) is occasionally referred to as "General" or "General [last name]" by senior government officials, this is considered incorrect in standard American English usage. For the same reason, the correct American English plural form is "attorneys general" rather than "attorney generals".

History

Seal of the Department of Justice

Congress passed the Judiciary Act of 1789 which, among other things, established the Office of the Attorney General. The original duties of this officer were "to prosecute and conduct all suits in the Supreme Court in which the United States shall be concerned, and to give his advice and opinion upon questions of law when required by the president of the United States, or when requested by the heads of any of the departments". Some of these duties have since been transferred to the United States solicitor general and the White House counsel.

The Department of Justice was established in 1870 to support the attorneys general in the discharge of their responsibilities.

The secretary of state, the secretary of the treasury, the secretary of defense, and the attorney general are regarded as the four most important Cabinet officials in the United States because of the size and importance of their respective departments.

Duties and responsibilities

The attorney general's duties and responsibilities as the chief law enforcement officer of the federal government include overseeing the United States Department of Justice, enforcing federal laws, and providing both formal and informal legal advice and opinions to the president of the United States, the cabinet, and the heads of executive departments and agencies. The attorney general represents the federal government in legal matters and supervises the administration and operation of the Department of Justice, which includes the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Drug Enforcement Administration, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, the Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Attorneys, and the United States Marshals Service.

Additionally, the attorney general advises the president of the United States on appointments to federal judicial positions and Department of Justice roles, including U.S. Attorneys and U.S. Marshals. While the attorney general may represent the United States in the Supreme Court and other courts, this is typically handled by the solicitor general. The attorney general also performs or supervises other duties as required by statute or executive order.

Presidential transition

It is the practice for the attorney general, along with the other Cabinet secretaries and high-level political appointees of the president, to tender a resignation with effect at noon on the Inauguration Day (January 20) of a new president. The deputy attorney general is also expected to tender a resignation, but is commonly requested to stay on and act as the attorney general, pursuant to , pending the confirmation by the Senate of the new attorney general.

For example, upon the inauguration of President Donald Trump at noon on January 20, 2017, then-Attorney General Loretta Lynch left her position, so then-Deputy Attorney General Sally Yates, who had also tendered her resignation, was asked to stay on to serve as the acting attorney general, pursuant to , until the confirmation of the new attorney general Jeff Sessions, who had been nominated for the office in November 2016 by then-President-elect Donald Trump.

List of attorneys general

Flag of the United States attorney general

Parties

(4) (5) (33) (4) (40) (1)

Status

No.PortraitNameState of residenceTook officeLeft officePresident(s)Federalist Party (United States)}};"Independent (politician)}};"Federalist Party (United States)}};"Federalist Party (United States)}};" rowspan=2Federalist Party (United States)}};"Democratic-Republican Party (United States)}};"Democratic-Republican Party (United States)}};"Democratic-Republican Party (United States)}};"Democratic-Republican Party (United States)}};"Federalist Party (United States)}};"Democratic-Republican Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Whig Party (United States)}};"15Democratic Party (United States)}};"Whig Party (United States)}};"17Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Whig Party (United States)}};"21Whig Party (United States)}};"22Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};" rowspan=2Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Independent (politician)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Democratic Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"Republican Party (United States)}};"
[[File:EdRand.jpg75px]]Virginia
(1789–1797)
[[File:William Bradford, AG.jpg75px]]Pennsylvania
[[File:Charleslee.png75px]]Virginia
(1797–1801)
[[File:Levi Lincoln Sr.jpg75px]]MassachusettsDemocratic-Republican Party (United States)}};"
(1801–1809)
[[File:John Breckinridge as Attorney General.jpg75px]]Kentucky
[[File:Rodneycaesara3.jpg75px]]Delaware
Democratic-Republican Party (United States)}};"
(1809–1817)
[[File:Williampinkney (1).jpg75px]]Maryland
[[File:Richard Rush engraving.png75px]]Pennsylvania
[[File:William Wirt by Henry Inman (frameless) (cropped) (cropped).jpg96x96px]]VirginiaDemocratic-Republican Party (United States)}};"
(1817–1825)
Democratic-Republican Party (United States)}};"
(1825–1829)
[[File:John Macpherson Berrien, portrait by John Maier.png75px]]GeorgiaDemocratic Party (United States)}};"
(1829–1837)
[[File:Roger Taney.jpg75px]]Maryland
[[File:Chester Harding - Benjamin Franklin Butler - 1963.172 - Dallas Museum of Art.jpg75px]]New York
Democratic Party (United States)}};"
(1837–1841)
[[File:Felix Grundy.jpg75px]]Tennessee
[[File:Henry D. Gilpin, Attorney General of the United States (trimmed).jpg75px]]Pennsylvania
[[File:John Jordan Crittenden - Brady 1855.jpg75px]]
*1st term*KentuckyWhig Party (United States)}};"
(1841)
Whig Party (United States)}};"
(1841–1845)
[[File:Hugh S. Legaré.jpg75px]]South Carolina
[[File:John Nelson, bw photo portrait, Brady-Handy collection, circa 1855-1865.jpg75px]]Maryland
[[File:JYMason.jpg75px]]VirginiaDemocratic Party (United States)}};"
(1845–1849)
[[File:NClifford.jpg75px]]Maine
[[File:Isaac Toucey - Brady-Handy (cropped).jpg75px]]Connecticut
[[File:Reverdy Johnson.jpg75px]]MarylandWhig Party (United States)}};"
(1849–1850)
[[File:John Jordan Crittenden - Brady 1855.jpg75px]]
*2nd term*KentuckyWhig Party (United States)}};"
(1850–1853)
[[File:Caleb Cushing.jpg75px]]MassachusettsDemocratic Party (United States)}};"
(1853–1857)
[[File:JSBlack-AG.jpg75px]]PennsylvaniaDemocratic Party (United States)}};"
(1857–1861)
[[File:Edwin McMasters Stanton Secretary of War.jpg75px]]Pennsylvania
[[File:Edward Bates - Brady-Handy.jpg75px]]MissouriRepublican Party (United States)}};"
(1861–1865)
[[File:James Speed.jpg75px]]Kentucky
Democratic Party (United States)}};"
(1865–1869)
[[File:Stanberry-AttorGen.jpg75px]]Ohio
[[File:William M. Evarts - Brady-Handy.jpg75px]]New York
[[File:EbenezerRHoar.jpg75px]]MassachusettsRepublican Party (United States)}};"
(1869–1877)
[[File:Amos T Akerman - crop and minor retouch.jpg75px]]Georgia
[[File:George Henry Williams - Brady-Handy - Restored & Cropped.jpg75px]]Oregon
[[File:Edwards Pierrepont, Brady-Handy bw photo portrait, ca1865-1880.jpg75px]]New York
[[File:Alphonso Taft - cropped and retouched.jpg75px]]Ohio
[[File:Hon. Charles Devens of Mass. Atty Gen. Hayes Cabinet.png75px]]MassachusettsRepublican Party (United States)}};"
(1877–1881)
[[File:Wayne MacVeagh - Brady-Handy.jpg75px]]PennsylvaniaRepublican Party (United States)}};"
(1881)
Republican Party (United States)}};"
(1881–1885)
[[File:BenjaminHBrewster.jpg75px]]Pennsylvania
[[File:Augustus Hill Garland - Brady-Handy.jpg75px]]ArkansasDemocratic Party (United States)}};"
(1885–1889)
[[File:WHHMiller.jpg75px]]IndianaRepublican Party (United States)}};"
(1889–1893)
[[File:Richard Olney, Bain bw photo portrait, 1913.jpg75px]]MassachusettsDemocratic Party (United States)}};"
(1893–1897)
[[File:Jud Harmon.jpg75px]]Ohio
[[File:AssoJstcJMcK.jpg75px]]CaliforniaRepublican Party (United States)}};"
(1897–1901)
[[File:Griggs2.jpg75px]]New Jersey
[[File:Philander Knox, bw photo portrait, 1904.jpg75px]]Pennsylvania
Republican Party (United States)}};"
(1901–1909)
[[File:WHMoody.jpg75px]]Massachusetts
[[File:CJBonaparte.jpg75px]]Maryland
[[File:GWWickersham.jpg75px]]New YorkRepublican Party (United States)}};"
(1909–1913)
[[File:James C. McReynolds - c1913.jpg75px]]TennesseeDemocratic Party (United States)}};"
(1913–1921)
[[File:WP Thomas Watt Gregory.jpg75px]]Texas
[[File:Alexander Mitchell Palmer.jpg75px]]Pennsylvania
[[File:Harry Daugherty, bw photo portrait 1920.jpg75px]]OhioRepublican Party (United States)}};"
(1921–1923)
Republican Party (United States)}};"
(1923–1929)
[[File:Chief Justice Harlan Fiske Stone photograph circa 1927-1932.jpg75px]]New York
[[File:John Sargent, Bain bw photo portrait.jpg75px]]Vermont
[[File:William D. Mitchell cph.3b30394.jpg75px]]MinnesotaRepublican Party (United States)}};"
(1929–1933)
[[File:Homer Cummings, Harris & Ewing photo portrait, 1920.jpg75px]]ConnecticutDemocratic Party (United States)}};"
(1933–1945)
[[File:Justice Frank Murphy.jpg75px]]Michigan
[[File:Roberthjackson.jpg75px]]New York
[[File:Francis Biddle cph.3b27524.jpg75px]]PennsylvaniaDemocratic Party (United States)}};"
(1945–1953)
[[File:Official portrait of Associate Justice Tom C. Clark, Supreme Court of the United States (cropped).jpg75px]]Texas
[[File:J. Howard McGrath.jpg75px]]Rhode Island
[[File:James P McGranery cropped.jpg75px]]Pennsylvania
[[File:Herbert Brownell.jpg75px]]New YorkRepublican Party (United States)}};"
(1953–1961)
[[File:William P. Rogers, U.S. Secretary of State.jpg75px]]New York
[[File:Bobby Kennedy - restored.jpg75px]]Massachusetts
(1961–1963)
(1963–1969)
[[File:Nicholas Katzenbach at White House, 6 May 1968.jpg75px]]New Jersey
[[File:Ramsey Clark at the White House, 28 Feb 1968.jpg75px]]Texas
[[File:John Mitchell.jpg75px]]New YorkRepublican Party (United States)}};"
(1969–1974)
[[File:Attorney General Richard Kleindienst.jpg75px]]Arizona
[[File:ElliotLeeRichardson.jpg75px]]Massachusetts
[[File:William Ruckelshaus.jpg75px]]
ActingIndiana
[[File:Robert Bork.jpg75px]]
ActingWashington, D.C.
[[File:WilliamBartSaxbe2.jpg75px]]Ohio
Republican Party (United States)}};"
(1974–1977)
[[File:Edward Levi Attorney General.jpg75px]]Illinois
[[File:3x4.svg75px]]
ActingNew YorkDemocratic Party (United States)}};"
(1977–1981)
[[File:Dick Thornburgh.jpg75px]]
ActingPennsylvania
[[File:Griffin Bell -uglaw AG72 (cropped).tif75px]]Georgia
[[File:Benjamin Civiletti (1979).jpg75px]]Maryland
[[File:3x4.svg75px]]
ActingCaliforniaRepublican Party (United States)}};"
(1981–1989)
[[File:Portrait officiel de William French Smith.jpg75px]]California
[[File:Edwin Meese III Attorney General portrait (cropped1).jpg75px]]California
[[File:Dick Thornburgh.jpg75px]]Pennsylvania
Republican Party (United States)}};"
(1989–1993)
[[File:William Barr, official photo as Attorney General.jpg75px]]
*1st term*Virginia
[[File:George J. Terwilliger III.jpg75px]]
ActingVermontDemocratic Party (United States)}};"
(1993–2001)
ActingMaryland
[[File:Janet Reno-us-Portrait.jpg75px]]Florida
[[File:HolderEric.jpg75px]]
ActingWashington, D.C.Republican Party (United States)}};"
(2001–2009)
[[File:John Ashcroft.jpg75px]]Missouri
[[File:Alberto Gonzales - official DoJ photograph.jpg75px]]Texas
[[File:Paul D. Clement.jpg75px]]
ActingVirginia
[[File:Peter Keisler.jpg75px]]
ActingMaryland
[[File:Michael Mukasey, official AG photo portrait, 2007.jpg75px]]New York
[[File:Mark Filip.jpg75px]]
ActingIllinoisDemocratic Party (United States)}};"
(2009–2017)
[[File:Eric Holder official portrait (cropped).jpg75px]]Washington, D.C.
[[File:Loretta Lynch, official portrait (cropped).jpg75px]]New York
[[File:Sally Q. Yates (cropped).jpg75px]]
ActingGeorgiaRepublican Party (United States)}};"
(2017–2021)
[[File:Channing D. Phillips.jpg75px]]
ActingWashington, D.C.
[[File:Dana Boente (cropped).jpg75px]]
ActingVirginia
[[File:Jeff Sessions, official portrait (cropped).jpg75px]]Alabama
[[File:Rod Rosenstein official portrait 2 (cropped).jpg75px]]
ActingMaryland
[[File:Matthew G. Whitaker official photo (cropped).jpg75px]]
ActingIowa
[[File:William Barr (cropped).jpg75px]]
*2nd term*Virginia
[[File:Jeff Rosen official DOJ portrait (cropped).jpg75px]]
ActingVirginia
[[File:John Demers official photo (cropped).png75px]]
ActingVirginiaDemocratic Party (United States)}};"
(2021–2025)
[[File:Monty Wilkinson DOJ official photo.jpg75px]]
ActingWashington, D.C.
[[File:Attorney General Merrick Garland.jpg75px]]Maryland
[[File:Lisa Monaco, Deputy Attorney General.jpg75px]]
ActingWashington, D.C.Republican Party (United States)}};"
(2025–present)
[[File:Gary M. Restaino, U.S. Attorney official portrait.jpg75px]]
ActingArizona
ActingWashington, D.C.February 5, 2025
[[File:Pam Bondi official portrait (cropped).jpg75px]]FloridaFebruary 5, 2025*Incumbent*

Line of succession

establishes the first two positions in the line of succession, while allowing the attorney general to designate other high-ranking officers of the Department of Justice as subsequent successors. Furthermore, the most recent Executive Order pertaining to the line of succession, Executive Order 14136 titled "Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of Justice" that was signed by President Joe Biden on January 3, 2025, and published in the Federal Register on January 13, 2025, but was revoked by President Donald Trump on January 20, 2025 and has yet to be replaced with another executive order pertaining to the line of succession, defines subsequent positions. The most recent line of succession was:

  1. United States Deputy Attorney General
  2. United States Associate Attorney General
  3. Other officers potentially designated by the attorney general (in no particular order):
  • Solicitor General of the United States
  • Assistant Attorney General, Antitrust Division
  • Assistant Attorney General, Civil Division
  • Assistant Attorney General, Civil Rights Division
  • Assistant Attorney General, Criminal Division
  • Assistant Attorney General, National Security Division
  • Assistant Attorney General, Environment and Natural Resources Division
  • Assistant Attorney General, Tax Division
  • Assistant Attorney General, Office of Justice Programs
  • Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal Counsel
  • Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal Policy
  • Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legislative Affairs
  1. United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York
  2. United States Attorney for the District of Arizona
  3. United States Attorney for the Northern District of Illinois
  4. United States Attorney for the District of Hawaii

Notable figures

  • First Italian American male: Charles Joseph Bonaparte in 1906
  • First Jewish American male: Edward H. Levi in 1975
  • First female: Janet Reno in 1993
  • First Hispanic American male: Alberto Gonzales in 2005
  • First African American male: Eric Holder in 2009
  • First African American female: Loretta Lynch in 2015

Notes

References

References

  1. "3 U.S. Code § 19 – Vacancy in offices of both President and Vice President; officers eligible to act".
  2. {{UnitedStatesCode. 5. 5312.
  3. "Executive Senior Level".
  4. Herz, Michael. (2002). "Washington, Patton, Schwarzkopf and ... Ashcroft?". Constitutional Commentary.
  5. Garner, Bryan A.. (May 2013). "LawProse Lesson #116: What's the plural form of attorney general? And what is the plural possessive?".
  6. [[Judiciary Act of 1789]], section 35.
  7. ''Cabinets and Counselors: The President and the Executive Branch'' (1997). [[Congressional Quarterly]]. p. 87.
  8. (2022-12-06). "Department of Justice {{!}} Office of the Attorney General {{!}} United States Department of Justice".
  9. "28 U.S. Code § 518 - Conduct and argument of cases".
  10. "28 U.S. Code § 519 - Supervision of litigation".
  11. Gerstein, Josh. (January 17, 2017). "Trump will allow U.S. attorneys to stay past Friday".
  12. Horwitz, Sari. (January 30, 2017). "Who is Sally Yates? Meet the acting attorney general Trump fired for 'betraying' the Justice Department". Washington Post.
  13. (May 1, 1973). "3 Top Nixon Aides, Kleindienst Out; President Accepts Full Responsibility; Richardson Will Conduct New Probe". [[The Washington Post]].
  14. Staff reporter. (February 21, 1993). "Stuart Gerson's Parting Shot". [[The New York Times]].
  15. Labaton, Stephen. (January 25, 1993). "Notes on Justice; Who's in Charge? Bush Holdover Says He Is, but Two Clinton Men Differ". The New York Times.
  16. Ifill, Gwen. (March 12, 1993). "Reno Confirmed in Top Justice Job". [[The New York Times]].
  17. Meyers, Steven Lee. (August 27, 2007). "Embattled Attorney General Resigns". [[The New York Times]].
  18. [https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2007/09/20070917-4.html "President Bush Announces Judge Michael Mukasey as Nominee for Attorney General"] {{Webarchive. link. (November 11, 2017, White House press release, September 17, 2007)
  19. (September 17, 2007). "Bush Text on Attorney General Nomination". [[The Oklahoman]].
  20. Eggen, Dan. (September 19, 2007). "Democrats May Tie Confirmation to Gonzales Papers". [[The Washington Post]].
  21. (January 30, 2017). "Trump fires acting AG after she declines to defend travel ban". CNN.
  22. (January 19, 2017). "Executive Order 13762".
  23. Schleifer, Theodore. (January 31, 2017). "New acting attorney general set for brief tenure".
  24. Blitzer, Ronn. (November 7, 2018). "Attorney General Jeff Sessions is Out. Here's What Could Happen Next.".
  25. Katyal, Neal K.. (November 8, 2018). "Opinion {{!}} Trump's Appointment of the Acting Attorney General Is Unconstitutional". [[The New York Times]].
  26. (November 12, 2018). "Maryland Says Matthew Whitaker Appointment As Acting Attorney General Is Unlawful". NPR.org.
  27. (November 8, 2018). "Matthew Whitaker's Appointment as Acting Attorney General: Three Lingering Questions". [[Lawfare (website).
  28. Jarrett, Laura. (November 14, 2018). "DOJ says Whitaker's appointment as acting attorney general is constitutional". CNN.
  29. (October 19, 1977). "28 U.S. Code § 508 - Vacancies".
  30. (January 20, 2021). "Trump's acting attorney general leaves without creating controversial special counsels".
  31. (January 13, 2025). "Executive Order 14136".
  32. (January 20, 2025). "Trump taps longtime immigration official as acting attorney general".
  33. (January 20, 2025). "Trump taps longtime immigration official as acting attorney general".
  34. "U.S.C. Title 28 – JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE".
  35. (January 20, 2025). "INITIAL RESCISSIONS OF HARMFUL EXECUTIVE ORDERS AND ACTIONS".
  36. (2003-09-02). "The Italian American Experience: An Encyclopedia". Routledge.
  37. "#05-591: 11-03-05 NEW AWARD CREATED TO HONOR FORMER ATTORNEY GENERAL EDWARD H. LEVI".
  38. Magill, Frank N.. (2013-05-13). "The 20th Century O-Z: Dictionary of World Biography". Routledge.
  39. (November 24, 2009). "Alberto Gonzales becomes first Hispanic U.S. attorney general {{!}} February 3, 2005".
  40. (2016-12-01). "Introduction to Criminal Justice: Systems, Diversity, and Change". SAGE Publications.
  41. Prater, Nia. (January 12, 2017). "Loretta Lynch Bids Farewell to Justice Department".
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