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Turing Award

American annual computer science prize

American annual computer science prize

FieldValue
nameACM Turing Award
imageTuring_statue_Surrey.jpg
captionStatue of Alan Turing, the award's namesake
altStatue of Alan Turing
awarded_forOutstanding contributions in computer science
presenterAssociation for Computing Machinery
countryUnited States
reward
firstawarded
website

The ACM A. M. Turing Award is an annual prize given by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) for contributions of lasting and major technical importance to computer science. It is generally recognized as the highest distinction in the field of computer science and is often referred to as the "Nobel Prize of Computing". , 79 people have been awarded the prize, with the most recent recipients being Andrew Barto and Richard S. Sutton, who won in 2024.{{Cite book |last1=Dasgupta |first1=Sanjoy |last2=Papadimitriou |first2=Christos |author2-link=Christos Papadimitriou |last3=Vazirani |first3=Umesh | author3-link=Umesh Vazirani |title=Algorithms |url=https://archive.org/details/algorithms00dasg_934 |url-access=limited |publisher=McGraw-Hill |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-07-352340-8 |page = 317 | archive-date = December 4, 2023 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231204215338/https://www.networkworld.com/article/692664/data-center-why-there-s-no-nobel-prize-in-computing.html |url-status = live}}

The award is named after Alan Turing, also referred as "Father of Computer Science", who was a British mathematician and reader in mathematics at the University of Manchester. Turing is often credited as being the founder of theoretical computer science and artificial intelligence, and a key contributor to the Allied cryptanalysis of the Enigma cipher during World War II. From 2007 to 2013, the award was accompanied by a prize of , with financial support provided by Intel and Google. Since 2014, the award has been accompanied by a prize of million, with financial support provided by Google.

The first recipient, in 1966, was Alan Perlis. The youngest recipient was Donald Knuth, who won in 1974 at the age of 36, while the oldest recipient was Alfred Aho, who won in 2020 at the age of 79. Only three women have been awarded the prize: Frances Allen (in 2006), Barbara Liskov (in 2008), and Shafi Goldwasser (in 2012).

TOC

Recipients

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YearRecipient(s)PhotoRationaleAffiliated institute(s)19661967196819691970197119721973197419751976197719781979198019811982198319841985198619871988198919901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024
[[File:No image.svg80px]]"For his influence in the area of advanced computer programming techniques and compiler construction"Carnegie Mellon University
[[File:Maurice Vincent Wilkes 1980 (3, cropped).jpgalt=Maurice Wilkes80px]]For contributions including being "the builder and designer of the EDSAC, the second computer with an internally stored program" and introducing program libraries (together with David Wheeler and Stanley Gill)University of Cambridge
[[File:No image.svg80px]]"For his work on numerical methods, automatic coding systems, and error-detecting and error-correcting codes"University of Louisville
Bell Labs
[[File:Marvin Minsky at OLPCc.jpgalt=Marvin Minsky80px]]"For his central role in creating, shaping, promoting, and advancing the field of artificial intelligence"Massachusetts Institute of Technology
[[File:No image.svg80px]]"For his research in numerical analysis to facilitate the use of the high-speed digital computer, having received special recognition for his work in computations in linear algebra and 'backward' error analysis"National Physical Laboratory
[[File:John McCarthy Stanford.jpgalt=John McCarthy80px]]Award citation refers to McCarthy's lecture "The Present State of Research on Artificial Intelligence"Stanford University
[[File:Edsger Wybe Dijkstra.jpgalt=Edsger W. Dijkstra80px]]"For fundamental contributions to programming as a high, intellectual challenge; for eloquent insistence and practical demonstration that programs should be composed correctly, not just debugged into correctness; for illuminating perception of problems at the foundations of program design"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica
Eindhoven University of Technology
University of Texas at Austin
[[File:Charles Bachman 2012.jpgalt=Charles Bachman80px]]"For his outstanding contributions to database technology"General Electric Research Laboratory (now under Groupe Bull, an Atos company)
[[File:KnuthAtOpenContentAlliance.jpgalt=Donald Knuth80px]]"For his major contributions to the analysis of algorithms and the design of programming languages, and in particular for his contributions to 'The Art of Computer Programming' through his well-known books in a continuous series by this title"California Institute of Technology
Center for Communications Research, Center for Communications and Computing, Institute for Defense Analyses
Stanford University
[[File:No image.svg80px]]In collaboration with J. C. Shaw and others, for "basic contributions to artificial intelligence, the psychology of human cognition, and list processing."RAND Corporation
Carnegie Mellon University
[[File:M O Rabin.jpgalt=Michael O. Rabin80px]]"For their joint paper 'Finite Automata and Their Decision Problem', which introduced the idea of nondeterministic machines"Princeton University
[[File:Scott Dana small.jpgalt=Dana Scott80px]]University of Chicago
[[File:John Backus 2.jpgalt=John Backus80px]]"For profound, influential, and lasting contributions to the design of practical high-level programming systems, notably through his work on FORTRAN, and for seminal publication of formal procedures for the specification of programming languages"IBM
[[File:No image.svg80px]]"For having a clear influence on methodologies for the creation of efficient and reliable software, and for helping to found the following important subfields of computer science: the theory of parsing, the semantics of programming languages, automatic program verification, automatic program synthesis, and analysis of algorithms"Carnegie Mellon University
Stanford University
[[File:No image.svg80px]]"For his pioneering effort in programming languages and mathematical notation resulting in what the computing field now knows as APL, for his contributions to the implementation of interactive systems, to educational uses of APL, and to programming language theory and practice"IBM
[[File:Sir Tony Hoare IMG 5125.jpgalt=Tony Hoare80px]]"For his fundamental contributions to the definition and design of programming languages"Queen's University Belfast
University of Oxford
[[File:No image.svg80px]]"For his fundamental and continuing contributions to the theory and practice of database management systems"IBM
[[File:Prof.Cook (cropped).jpgalt=Stephen Cook80px]]For "his advancement of our understanding of the complexity of computation in a significant and profound way"; the citation in particular mentions his paper "The Complexity of Theorem Proving Procedures," which is credited with founding the theory of NP-completenessUniversity of Toronto
[[File:Dennis Ritchie 2011.jpgalt=Dennis Ritchie80px]]"For their development of generic operating systems theory and specifically for the implementation of the UNIX operating system"Bell Labs
[[File:Ken Thompson 02.jpgalt=Ken Thompson80px]]
[[File:Niklaus Wirth, UrGU (cropped).jpgalt=Niklaus Wirth80px]]"For developing a sequence of innovative computer languages, EULER, ALGOL-W, MODULA and PASCAL"Stanford University
University of Zurich
ETH Zurich
[[File:Karp mg 7725-b.cr2.jpgalt=Richard M. Karp80px]]"For his continuing contributions to the theory of algorithms including the development of efficient algorithms for network flow and other combinatorial optimization problems, the identification of polynomial-time computability with the intuitive notion of algorithmic efficiency, and, most notably, contributions to the theory of NP-completeness"University of California, Berkeley
[[File:hopcrofg (cropped).jpgalt=John Hopcroft80px]]"For fundamental achievements in the design and analysis of algorithms and data structures"Cornell University
[[File:Bob Tarjan.jpgalt=Robert Tarjan80px]]Stanford University
Cornell University
University of California, Berkeley
Princeton University
[[File:No image.svg80px]]"For significant contributions in the design and theory of compilers, the architecture of large systems and the development of reduced instruction set computers (RISC); for discovering and systematizing many fundamental transformations now used in optimizing compilers including reduction of operator strength, elimination of common subexpressions, register allocation, constant propagation, and dead code elimination"IBM
[[File:Ivan Sutherland at CHM.jpgalt=Ivan Sutherland80px]]url=https://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/sutherland_3467412.cfmpublisher=Association for Computing Machineryauthor=Robert Burtontitle=Ivan Sutherland - A.M. Turing Award Laureateaccess-date=4 March 2024archive-date=October 29, 2021archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029111129/https://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/sutherland_3467412.cfmurl-status=live }}Stanford University
Harvard University
University of Utah
California Institute of Technology
[[File:William Kahan 2008 (cropped).jpgalt=William Kahan80px]]"For his fundamental contributions to numerical analysis" and as "one of the foremost experts on floating-point computations"University of California, Berkeley
[[File:Fernando Corbato.jpgalt=Fernando J. Corbató80px]]"For his pioneering work organizing the concepts and leading the development of the general-purpose, large-scale, time-sharing and resource-sharing computer systems, CTSS and Multics"Massachusetts Institute of Technology
[[File:No image.svg80px]]The award citation mentions three primary contributions: his mechanization of the Logic of Computable Functions; the programming language ML including its type inference and type safety; the calculus of communicating systems; as well as the connection between operational and denotational semanticsStanford University
University of Edinburgh
[[File:Professional Developers Conference 2009 Technical Leaders Panel 6 (cropped).jpgalt=Butler Lampson80px]]"For contributions to the development of distributed, personal computing environments and the technology for their implementation: workstations, networks, operating systems, programming systems, displays, security and document publishing"PARC
DEC
[[File:Juris Hartmanis(2002).jpgalt=Juris Hartmanis80px]]"In recognition of their seminal paper which established the foundations for the field of computational complexity theory"General Electric Research Laboratory (now under Groupe Bull, an Atos company)
[[File:Dick Stearns (cropped).jpgalt=Richard E. Stearns80px]]
[[File:27. Dr. Edward A. Feigenbaum 1994-1997.jpgalt=Edward A. Feigenbaum80px]]"For pioneering the design and construction of large scale artificial intelligence systems, demonstrating the practical importance and potential commercial impact of artificial intelligence technology"Stanford University
[[File:ProfReddys Photo Cropped.jpgalt=Raj Reddy80px]]Stanford University
Carnegie Mellon University
[[File:Blum manuel (cropped).jpgalt=Manuel Blum80px]]"In recognition of his contributions to the foundations of computational complexity theory and its application to cryptography and program checking"University of California, Berkeley
[[File:Amir Pnueli.jpgalt=Amir Pnueli80px]]"For seminal work introducing temporal logic into computing science and for outstanding contributions to program and system verification"Stanford University
Tel Aviv University
Weizmann Institute of Science
Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences
[[File:Douglas Engelbart in 2008.jpgalt=Douglas Engelbart80px]]title=A.M. Turing Award Laureate – Douglas Engelbartauthor=Thierry Bardinipublisher=Association for Computing Machineryurl=https://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/engelbart_5078811.cfmaccess-date=November 4, 2018archive-date=July 4, 2017archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170704002220/http://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/engelbart_5078811.cfmurl-status=live }}SRI International
Tymshare
McDonnell Douglas
Bootstrap Institute/Alliance,
The Doug Engelbart Institute
[[File:Jim Gray Computing in the 21st Century 2006 (cropped).jpgalt=Jim Gray80px]]url=https://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/gray_3649936.cfmpublisher=Association for Computing Machineryauthor=Paul McJonestitle=James ("Jim") Nicholas Gray - A.M. Turing Award Laureateaccess-date=4 March 2024archive-date=October 29, 2021archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029111125/https://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/gray_3649936.cfmurl-status=live }}IBM
Microsoft
[[File:Fred Brooks (cropped).jpgalt=Fred Brooks80px]]url=https://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/brooks_1002187.cfmpublisher=Association for Computing Machineryauthor=Grady Boochtitle=Frederick ("Fred") Brooks - A.M. Turing Award Laureateaccess-date=4 March 2024archive-date=October 29, 2021archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029111127/https://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/brooks_1002187.cfmurl-status=live }}IBM
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
[[File:Andrew Yao MFO (cropped).jpgalt=Andrew Yao80px]]"In recognition of his fundamental contributions to the theory of computation, including the complexity-based theory of pseudorandom number generation, cryptography, and communication complexity"Stanford University
University of California, Berkeley
Princeton University
[[File:No image.svg80px]]"For ideas fundamental to the emergence of object-oriented programming, through their design of the programming languages Simula I and Simula 67"Norwegian Computing Center
University of Oslo
[[File:Kristen-Nygaard-SBLP-1997-head.pngalt=Kristen Nygaard80px]]
[[File:Len-mankin-pic.jpgalt=Leonard Adleman80px]]"For their ingenious contribution for making public-key cryptography useful in practice"University of Southern California
[[File:Ronald L Rivest photo.jpgalt=Ron Rivest80px]]Massachusetts Institute of Technology
[[File:Adi Shamir at TU Darmstadt (2013).jpgalt=Adi Shamir80px]]
[[File:Alan Kay (3097597186) (cropped).jpgalt=Alan Kay80px]]url=https://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/kay_3972189.cfmpublisher=Association for Computing Machineryauthor=Susan B. Barnestitle=Alan Kay - A.M. Turing Award Laureateaccess-date=4 March 2024archive-date=October 11, 2021archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211011044645/https://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/kay_3972189.cfmurl-status=live }}University of Utah
PARC
Stanford University
Atari
Apple ATG
Walt Disney Imagineering
Viewpoints Research Institute
HP Labs
[[File:Dr Vint Cerf ForMemRS (cropped).jpgalt=Vint Cerf80px]]"For pioneering work on internetworking, including the design and implementation of the Internet's basic communications protocols, TCP/IP, and for inspired leadership in networking"University of California, Los Angeles
Stanford University, DARPA
MCI (now under Verizon)
CNRI, Google
[[File:Bob Kahn.jpgalt=Bob Kahn80px]]Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Bolt Beranek and Newman
DARPA
CNRI
[[File:Peternaur.JPGalt=Peter Naur80px]]"For fundamental contributions to programming language design and the definition of ALGOL 60, to compiler design, and to the art and practice of computer programming"Regnecentralen (now under Fujitsu)
University of Copenhagen
[[File:Allen mg 2528-3750K-b.jpgalt=Frances Allen80px]]"For pioneering contributions to the theory and practice of optimizing compiler techniques that laid the foundation for modern optimizing compilers and automatic parallel execution"IBM
[[File:Edmund Clarke FLoC 2006 (cropped).jpgalt=Edmund M. Clarke80px]]"For their role in developing Model-Checking into a highly effective verification technology that is widely adopted in the hardware and software industries"Harvard University
Carnegie Mellon University
[[File:E-allen-emerson (cropped).jpgalt=E. Allen Emerson80px]]Harvard University
University of Texas at Austin
[[File:Joseph Sifakis 2018.jpgalt=Joseph Sifakis80px]]French National Centre for Scientific Research
[[File:Barbara Liskov MIT computer scientist 2010.jpgalt=Barbara Liskov80px]]url=https://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/liskov_1108679.cfmpublisher=Association for Computing Machineryauthor=Tom van Vlecktitle=Barbara Liskov - A.M. Turing Award Laureateaccess-date=4 March 2024archive-date=November 9, 2021archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109212306/https://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/liskov_1108679.cfmurl-status=live }}Massachusetts Institute of Technology
[[File:Chuckthacker (cropped).jpgalt=Charles P. Thacker80px]]"For the pioneering design and realization of the first modern personal computer — the Alto at Xerox PARC — and seminal inventions and contributions to local area networks (including the Ethernet), multiprocessor workstations, snooping cache coherence protocols, and tablet personal computers"PARC
DEC
Microsoft Research
[[File:Leslie Valiant (cropped).jpgalt=Leslie Valiant80px]]"For transformative contributions to the theory of computation, including the theory of probably approximately correct (PAC) learning, the complexity of enumeration and of algebraic computation, and the theory of parallel and distributed computing"Harvard University
[[File:Judea Pearl at NIPS 2013 (11781981594) (cropped).jpgalt=Judea Pearl80px]]"For fundamental contributions to artificial intelligence through the development of a calculus for probabilistic and causal reasoning"University of California, Los Angeles
New Jersey Institute of Technology
[[File:Shafi Goldwasser.JPGalt=Shafi Goldwasser80px]]"For transformative work that laid the complexity-theoretic foundations for the science of cryptography, and in the process pioneered new methods for efficient verification of mathematical proofs in complexity theory"Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Weizmann Institute of Science
[[File:Silvio Micali (cropped).jpgalt=Silvio Micali80px]]Massachusetts Institute of Technology
[[File:Leslie Lamport.jpgalt=Leslie Lamport80px]]"For fundamental contributions to the theory and practice of distributed and concurrent systems, notably the invention of concepts such as causality and logical clocks, safety and liveness, replicated state machines, and sequential consistency"Massachusetts Computer Associates (now under Essig PLM)
SRI International
DEC
Compaq (now under HP)
Microsoft Research
[[File:Michael Stonebraker P1120062.jpgalt=Michael Stonebraker80px]]"For fundamental contributions to the concepts and practices underlying modern database systems"University of California, Berkeley
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
[[File:Whitfield Diffie Royal Society (cropped).jpgalt=Whitfield Diffie80px]]"For inventing and promulgating both asymmetric public-key cryptography, including its application to digital signatures, and a practical cryptographic key-exchange methodStanford University
[[File:Martin-Hellman.jpgalt=Martin Hellman80px]]
[[File:Sir Tim Berners-Lee (cropped).jpgalt=Tim Berners-Lee80px]]url=http://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/berners-lee_8087960.cfmtitle=Turing award 2016publisher=Association for Computing Machineryaccess-date=April 4, 2017archive-date=April 6, 2017archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170406225836/http://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/berners-lee_8087960.cfmurl-status=live}}CERN
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
World Wide Web Consortium
[[File:John L Hennessy (cropped).jpgalt=John L. Hennessy80px]]"For pioneering a systematic, quantitative approach to the design and evaluation of computer architectures with enduring impact on the microprocessor industry"Stanford University
[[File:David A Patterson (cropped).jpgalt=David Patterson80px]]University of California, Berkeley
[[File:Yoshua Bengio - 2017.jpgalt=Yoshua Bengio80px]]"For conceptual and engineering breakthroughs that have made deep neural networks a critical component of computing"Université de Montréal, McGill University,
Mila
[[File:Geoffrey Hinton - Collision 2023 - Centre Stage RCZ 1307 (cropped) (cropped).jpgalt=Geoffrey Hinton80px]]University of Toronto
University of California, San Diego
Carnegie Mellon University
University College London
University of Edinburgh
Google AI
[[File:Yann LeCun - 2018 (cropped).jpgalt=Yann LeCun80px]]University of Toronto
Bell Labs
Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University
Meta AI
[[File:VES Awards 89 cropped.jpgalt=Edwin Catmull80px]]"For fundamental contributions to [3D computer graphics](3d-computer-graphics), and the impact of computer-generated imagery (CGI) in filmmaking and other applications"University of Utah
Pixar
Walt Disney Animation Studios
[[File:Pat Hanrahan Tableau Customer Conference 2009.jpgalt=Pat Hanrahan80px]]Pixar
Princeton University
Stanford University
[[File:No image.svg80px]]"For fundamental algorithms and theory underlying programming language implementation and for synthesizing these results and those of others in their highly influential books, which educated generations of computer scientists"Bell Labs
Columbia University
[[File:No image.svg80px]]Bell Labs
Princeton University
Stanford University
[[File:Jack-dongarra-2022.jpgalt=Jack Dongarra80px]]"For pioneering contributions to numerical algorithms and libraries that enabled high performance computational software to keep pace with exponential hardware improvements for over four decades"Argonne National Laboratory
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
University of Manchester
Texas A&M University Institute for Advanced Study
University of Tennessee
Rice University
[[File:With Bob Metcalfe (cropped).jpgalt=Robert Metcalfe80px]]url=https://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/metcalfe_3968158.cfmpublisher=Association for Computing Machineryauthor=title=Robert Melancton Metcalfe - A.M. Turing Award Laureateaccess-date=4 March 2024archive-date=January 13, 2024archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113155322/https://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/metcalfe_3968158.cfmurl-status=live }}Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard University, Xerox PARC, University of Texas at Austin
[[File:Avi Wigderson (London 2012) Cropped.jpgalt=Avi Wigderson80px]]title=Avi Wigderson of the Institute for Advanced Study is the recipient of the 2023 ACM A.M. Turing Awardurl=https://awards.acm.org/about/2023-turingaccess-date=2024-04-10website=awards.acm.orglanguage=enarchive-date=April 10, 2024archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240410094325/https://awards.acm.org/about/2023-turingurl-status=live }}Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton University, Hebrew University of Jerusalem
[[File:No image.svg80px]]"For developing the conceptual and algorithmic foundations of reinforcement learning"University of Massachusetts Amherst
[[File:Richard Sutton, October 27, 2016.jpgalt= Richard S. Sutton80px]]University of Alberta
Amii

References

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