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Toxiclionella

Genus of gastropods

Genus of gastropods

  • Toxiclionella (Toxiclionella) Powell, 1966

Toxiclionella is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Clavatulidae. The genus is known for having hypodermic marginal teeth. All three species are endemic to the waters of South Africa.

Description

Members of Toxiclionella have a shell ranging between 55-60 mm in size, and are claviform, with a tall spire of flattened outlines and a narrow body-whorl which terminates in a short anterior canal. Members of the species can be distinguished due to having toxoglossate radula consisting of a bundle of long, curved marginals, which are double-barbed near the tip of the shell.

Toxiclionella are known for having hypodermic marginal teeth which are loosely enrolled and attached to the radular ribbon along their length.

Taxonomy

The taxon was first described as a subgenus of Clionella in 1966 by New Zealand malacologist Baden Powell, who assigned Toxiclionella tumida, which has originally been described as Clavatula tumida by George Brettingham Sowerby II in 1870, as the type species. Powell split off the members of the genus from Clionella due to the toxoglossate dentition in the radula found in the species. By 1985, malacologist Richard Kilburn had begun referring to Toxiclionella as a full genus.

Distribution and habitat

Toxiclionella is endemic to the waters of South Africa, found in the photic zone between depths of 45-100 m. T. impages and T. tumida are both found on the Agulhas Bank, while T. haliplex is found off the coast of Eastern Cape.

Species

Species within the genus Toxiclionella include:

  • Toxiclionella haliplex (Bartsch, 1915)
  • Toxiclionella impages (Adams & Reeve, 1848)
  • Toxiclionella tumida (Sowerby II, 1870) ;Species brought into synonymy:
  • Toxiclionella elstoni (Barnard, 1962): synonym of Caliendrula elstoni (Barnard, 1962)

References

References

  1. {{WRMS species. 432574. ''Toxiclionella'' Powell, 1966. 15 April 2010
  2. {{cite Q. Q54552868
  3. {{cite Q. Q56552250
  4. {{cite Q. Q115098397
  5. {{cite Q. Q94767269
  6. {{WRMS species. 435071. ''Toxiclionella haliplex'' (Bartsch, 1915). 15 April 2010
  7. {{WRMS species. 435072. ''Toxiclionella impages'' (Adams & Reeve, 1848). 15 April 2010
  8. {{WRMS species. 435073. ''Toxiclionella tumida'' (Sowerby II, 1870). 15 April 2010
  9. {{WRMS species. 435070. ''Toxiclionella elstoni'' (Barnard, 1962). 15 April 2010
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toxiclionella endemic-molluscs-of-south-africa gastropod-genera marine-molluscs-of-southern-africa taxa-named-by-arthur-william-baden-powell taxa-described-in-1966
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