Time in Brazil

Time zones

Fernando de Noronha time (UTC−02:00)

This is the standard time zone only on a few small offshore Atlantic islands. The only such island with a permanent population is Fernando de Noronha, with 3,167 inhabitants (2022 census), 0.0016% of Brazil's population. The other islands (Trindade and Martim Vaz, Rocas Atoll and Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago) either are totally uninhabited or have small seasonally rotating Brazilian Navy garrisons or teams of scientists.

Brasília time (UTC−03:00)

The main time zone of Brazil comprises the states in the South, Southeast and Northeast regions (except the small islands mentioned above), plus the states of Goiás, Tocantins, Pará and Amapá, and the Federal District, which includes the national capital city, Brasília. About 93% of the Brazilian population live in this time zone, which covers about 60% of the country's land area.

Amazon time (UTC−04:00)

This time zone is used in the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Rondônia, Roraima, and most of Amazonas. Although this time zone covers about 36% of the land area of Brazil (an area larger than Argentina), only about 6% of the country's population live there (about 12 million people, slightly more than the city of São Paulo).

Until 2008, the part of the state of Pará west of the Jari and Xingu rivers was also part of this time zone; then it joined the rest of the state in observing Brasília time (UTC−03:00). Although other changes to Brazilian time zones enacted at that time have since been reverted (see below), western Pará still remains in UTC−03:00.

Acre time (UTC−05:00)

This time zone was reinstated in late 2013, after having been abolished for over five years. It is used in the far-western tip of the country, which includes the entire state of Acre and the southwestern portion of the state of Amazonas (west of a line connecting the cities of Tabatinga and Porto Acre). These areas cover only about 4% of the Brazilian territory (although that is still about the size of Germany) and have only about 0.5% of the country's population (little more than one million people).

On 24 June 2008, these areas advanced their clocks by an hour, so that they became part of the UTC−04:00 time zone. However, in a non-binding referendum held on 31 October 2010, a slight majority of Acre voters voted in favour of returning the state to UTC−05:00. On 30 October 2013, Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff enacted Law 12876, establishing that the time zone switch would occur on Sunday, 10 November 2013. Since then, the state of Acre and the southwestern part of the state of Amazonas are again 5 hours behind UTC.

Unofficial observance

Unofficially, 32 municipalities in eastern Mato Grosso, located in the Araguaia valley, observe UTC−03:00, Brasília time.

Unofficially, some municipalities in eastern Mato Grosso do Sul, such as Bataguassu, Aparecida do Taboado, Cassilândia and Chapadão do Sul, also observe UTC−03:00, Brasília time.

Daylight saving time

Main article: Daylight saving time in Brazil

Brazil observed daylight saving time (DST; , "summer time") in the years of 1931–1933, 1949–1953, 1963–1968 and 1985–2019. Initially it applied to the whole country, but from 1988 it applied only to part of the country, usually the southern regions, where DST is more useful due to a larger seasonal variation in daylight duration. It typically lasted from October or November to February or March.

The most recent DST rule specified advancing the time by one hour during the period from 00:00 on the first Sunday in November to 00:00 on the third Sunday in February (postponed by one week if the latter fell on carnival), applicable only to the South, Southeast and Central-West regions, which comprise about 65% of the Brazilian population. During DST, Brasília time moved from UTC−03:00 to UTC−02:00; the other states that did not follow DST observed a change of the offset to Brasília time.

Brazil abolished DST in 2019.

IANA time zone database

The IANA time zone database contains 16 zones for Brazil. Columns marked with * are from the file zone.tab of the database.

Notes

References

References

1. [http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/decreto/historicos/dpl/DPL2784-1913.htm Decree no. 2784, of 18 June 1913], Presidency of Brazil. {{in lang. pt
2. (2022). "Tabela 4714 – população residente, área territorial e densidade demográfica". [[Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics]].
3. (9 August 2022). "Mapa dos locais de votação". Regional Electoral Court of Amazonas.
4. (30 October 2022). "Votação em todo o país seguirá o horário de Brasília (DF)". Superior Electoral Court.
5. (31 October 2018). "Candidados do Amazonas devem ficar atentos ao fuso horário". Ministry of Education of Brazil.
6. (25 July 2022). "Pregão eletrônico nº 9/2022". Federal Institute of Amazonas.
7. "Brazil Abolishes Its Fourth Time Zone in 2008".
8. "Time Zone Change is Possible in Acre, Brazil".
9. Subdirectorate for Legal Affairs. "Lei nº 12.876, de 30 de outubro de 2013". The Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil.
10. (25 October 2011). "No clock change for parts of Mato Grosso, Brazil". Timeanddate.com.
11. (19 October 2013). "Municípios do Araguaia trocam horário de Brasília por de MT durante horário de verão". Olhar Direto.
12. (10 October 2015). "Começa horário de verão e Araguaia passa a seguir horário de MT". Água Boa News.
13. (24 November 2017). "Por intermédio de Eduardo Rocha, técnico da Energisa irá falar sobre o fornecimento de Bataguassu". Jornal do Estado.
14. (27 December 2023). "Um estado, 'dois' fusos: cidades de MS geram confusão e curiosidade por diferenças no horário". G1.
15. "Decretos sobre o Horário de Verão no Brasil". [[National Observatory (Brazil).