Tetrandrine

Pharmacology

It has anti-inflammatory, immunologic and antiallergenic effects. It inhibits the degranulation of mast cells. It has a quinidine-like anti-arrhythmic effect. It has vasodilatory properties and can therefore reduce blood pressure. Tetrandrine may have potential use for the treatment of liver disease and liver cancer. Tetrandrine has potential therapeutic value to prevent excess scarring/fibrosis in conjunctiva following trabeculectomy or in patients with severe conjunctival inflammation. Tetrandrine has anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrogenic actions, which make tetrandrine and related compounds potentially useful in the treatment of lung silicosis, liver cirrhosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Tetrandrine has also been shown to inhibit entry of Ebola virus into host cells in vitro and showed therapeutic efficacy against Ebola in preliminary studies on mice. Tetrandrine has also been studied and patented as a possible treatment for tinnitus.

Biosynthesis

Tetrandrine is biosynthesized from a free radical coupled dimerization of S-N-methylcoclaurine:

Synonyms

Synonyms include fanchinine, hanfangchin A, NSC 77037, (S,S)-(+)-tetrandrine, sinomenine A, TTD, tetrandrin, d-tetrandrine, and GW-201.

References

References

1. (1 May 2016). "Tetrandrine – A molecule of wide bioactivity". Phytochemistry.
2. (2009). "Ionic liquid-based ultrasound-assisted extraction of fangchinoline and tetrandrine from ''Stephaniae'' tetrandrae". Journal of Separation Science.
3. (2002). "Tetrandrine and related bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloids from medicinal herbs: Cardiovascular effects and mechanisms of action". Acta Pharmacologica Sinica.
4. (2008). "Tetrandrine protects mice from concanavalin A-induced hepatitis through inhibiting NF-κB activation". Immunology Letters.
5. (2011). "Tetrandrine induces apoptosis by activating reactive oxygen species and repressing Akt activity in human hepatocellular carcinoma". International Journal of Cancer.
6. (2010). "Proteomic analysis of anti-tumor effects by tetrandrine treatment in HepG2 cells". Phytomedicine.
7. (2008). "The study of anti-tumor effect of Tetrandrine combined with Nedaplatin on human liver cancer cell line 7402". Zhong Yao Cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials.
8. (2008). "Tetrandrine Suppresses Activation of Human Subconjunctival Fibroblasts ''In'' Vitro". Current Eye Research.
9. (2002). "Tetrandrine and related bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloids from medicinal herbs: Cardiovascular effects and mechanisms of action". Acta Pharmacologica Sinica.
10. (2015). "Two-pore channels control Ebola virus host cell entry and are drug targets for disease treatment". Science.
11. "Methods and compositions for treating hearing disorders".
12. "Targeting multiple signaling pathways for tinnitus prevention and treatment (R44DC018759)". US Department of Health & Human Services.
13. (1 August 2020). "Current Clinical Trials for Tinnitus". Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America.
14. (1980). "Biosynthesis of the bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, tetrandrine". Phytochemistry.
15. [http://www.selleckchem.com/products/Tetrandrine-Fanchinine.html Tetrandrine(Fanchinine) {{pipe CAS 518-34-3 {{pipe calcium channel Inhibitor {{pipe Fanchinine, Hanfangchin A, NSC 77037, S,S-(+)-Tetrandrine, Sinomenine A, TTD, Tetrandrin, d...]