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Tetrahalomethane

Class of chemical compounds

Class of chemical compounds

Tetrahalomethanes are chemical compounds in which all four hydrogen atoms of a methane molecule are replaced by halogen atoms—such as chlorine, bromine, fluorine, iodine, or astatine.

Overview

The compounds are fully halogenated methane derivatives of general formula CFkCllBrmInAtp, where:k+l+m+n+p=4Tetrahalomethanes are on the border of inorganic and organic chemistry, thus they can be assigned both inorganic and organic names by IUPAC: tetrafluoromethane - carbon tetrafluoride, tetraiodomethane - carbon tetraiodide, dichlorodifluoromethane - carbon dichloride difluoride.

Taxonomy

Each halogen (F, Cl, Br, I, At) forms a corresponding halomethane, but their stability decreases in order CF4 CCl4 CBr4 CI4 from exceptionally stable gaseous tetrafluoromethane with bond energy 515 kJ·mol−1 to solid tetraiodomethane, depending on bond energy.

Many mixed halomethanes are also known, such as CBrClF2.

Uses

Fluorine, chlorine, and sometimes bromine-substituted halomethanes were used as refrigerants, commonly known as CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons).

References

References

  1. (22 October 2013). "Aliphatic and Polyhalogenated Carcinogens: Structural Bases and Biological Mechanisms". [[Academic Press]].
  2. (21 March 2003). "Comprehensive Organic Functional Group Transformations". [[Elsevier]].
  3. (22 October 2013). "The Chemistry of Carbon: Organometallic Chemistry". [[Elsevier]].
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halomethanes inorganic-carbon-compounds nonmetal-halides
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