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Surxondaryo Region

Region of Uzbekistan

Field	Value
name	Surkhondaryo Region
native_name	Surxondaryo viloyati
Сурхондарё вилояти
settlement_type	Region
image_skyline	Mausoleum Termez.jpg
image_caption	Mausoleum of Hakim al-Termezi in Termez
image_map	Surxondaryo Viloyati in Uzbekistan.svg
map_caption	Surxondaryo in Uzbekistan
coordinates
subdivision_type	Country
subdivision_name	Uzbekistan
blank_name_sec1	Districts
blank_info_sec1	14
blank1_name_sec1	Cities
blank1_info_sec1	8
blank2_name_sec1	Townships
blank2_info_sec1	7
blank3_name_sec1	Villages
blank3_info_sec1	114
seat	Termez
seat_type	Capital
leader_title	Hokim
leader_name	Ulug‘bek Qosimov
area_total_km2	20099
timezone1	East
utc_offset1	+5
population_footnotes
population_total	2680800
population_as_of	2021
population_density_km2	auto
elevation_m	535
iso_code	UZ-SU
website

Сурхондарё вилояти

Surxondaryo Region is a region (viloyat) of Uzbekistan, located in the extreme south-east of the country. Established on 6 March 1941, it borders on Qashqadaryo Region internally, and Turkmenistan, Afghanistan and Tajikistan externally, going anticlockwise from the north. It takes its name from the river Surxondaryo, that flows through the region. It covers an area of 20,100 km². According to official data, 83% of the population are Uzbeks and 12.5% Tajiks. The highest point of the Region and also of Uzbekistan is Khazrati Sulton peak reaching 4,643 m/15,233 ft in Gissar Range.

The regional capital is Termez with a population of about 200,000 (2024), and the second largest city is Denov (Denau) with 78,300 inhabitants (data for 2016). Other towns include Boysun, Jarqoʻrgʻon, Qumqoʻrgʻon, Shargʻun, Sherobod, Shoʻrchi, and Sariosiyo.

The climate is continental, with mild wet winters and hot dry summers. The southern part of the region is in the Badkhiz-Karabil semi-desert ecoregion (PA0808), characterized by a savanna of pistachio and desert sedge. The northern portion is characterized by open woodlands (Gissaro-Alai open woodlands ecoregion, PA1306), with characteristic plants being pistachio, almond, walnut, apple, and juniper. Sagebrush is common at lower elevations

Uzbekistan-Afghanistan Friendship Bridge

Natural resources include petroleum, natural gas, and coal. Light industry, mainly cotton ginning and food processing, is also an important part of the regional economy, particularly in the production of consumer goods. Agriculture is based primarily on cotton and cereals, supplemented with horticulture and viticulture. Surxondaryo is the country's largest supplier of long-fiber cotton. Livestock accounts for 40% of regional agricultural product. The climatic conditions of this region also make it possible to cultivate subtropical crops such as sugarcane.

The region has a well-developed transport infrastructure, with 300 km of railways and 2,700 km of surfaced roads. Central Asia's only river port is located at Termez on the Amudarya River.

History

Bitter debates accompanied the Soviet allocation of Surkhandarya Region to the Uzbek SSR rather than the Tajik SSR in 1929, as that region, as well as the areas of Bukhara and Samarkand, had sizable, if not dominant, Tajik populations.

Districts

The Surxondaryo Region consists of 14 districts (listed below) and one district-level city: Termez.

		District name		District capital
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

There are 8 cities (Termez, Boysun, Denov, Jarqoʻrgʻon, Qumqoʻrgʻon, Shargʻun, Sherobod, Shoʻrchi) and 112 urban-type settlements in the Surxondaryo Region.

Agriculture (2005 data)

Agriculture accounts for 42% of total employment in Surxondaryo Region and produces 8% of Uzbekistan’s agricultural output. Agricultural production is 56% crops and 44% livestock (like the country’s average). Milk yields are less than 1,700 kg per cow per year, on a par with the national average.

Main characteristics of agriculture in Surxondaryo Region

		Surxondaryo		Percent of
national total
Sown area
Cereals
Cotton
Potatoes, vegetables
Feed crops
Fruit orchards
Vineyards
Cattle
Cows
Sheep, goats

Gallery

File:Khujaypok (uzb. Xo'jaypok), Surkhandarya, Uzbekistan-12.jpg|Two different streams flow into one (a healing spring and the river itself in blue) File:Khujaypok (uzb. Xo'jaypok), Surkhandarya, Uzbekistan-15.jpg|Market at the foot of Khujaypok File:Khujaypok (uzb. Xo'jaypok), Surkhandarya, Uzbekistan-14.jpg|Healing bath from a hydrogen-chloride source. Treats infectious skin diseases and difficult to heal wounds File:Khujaypok (uzb. Xo'jaypok), Surkhandarya, Uzbekistan-16.jpg|The Khujaypok river

Notes

References

(13 March 2023). "Ulug'bek Qosimov Surxondaryo viloyati hokimi etib tasdiqlandi".
"Ўзбекистонда энг кўп аҳоли қайси вилоятда яшайди?".
''Statistical Yearbook of the Regions of Uzbekistan 2005'', State Statistical Committee, Tashkent, 2006 ('''Russian''').
[http://rus.surxon.net/2007/11/22/pro-surkhandarja.html Ethnic composition of the population in Surxondaryo Region]
[http://ula.uzsci.net/publishing/ru/etnic.htm ''Ethnic Atlas of Uzbekistan''] {{Webarchive. link. (2008-10-06 , Part 1: Ethnic minorities, Open Society Institute, table with number of Tajiks by region {{in lang). ru.
"Urban and rural population by district". Surxondaryo regional department of statistics.
{{NatGeo ecoregion
{{NatGeo ecoregion
Hirsch, Francine. (2005). "Empire of Nations: Ethnographic Knowledge and the Making of the Soviet Union". Cornell University Press.
(July 2021). "Oʻzbekiston Respublikasining maʼmuriy-hududiy boʻlinishi". The State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on statistics.
(July 2020). "Classification system of territorial units of the Republic of Uzbekistan". The State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on statistics.
''Agriculture in Uzbekistan'', State Statistical Committee, Tashkent, 2007 ('''Russian''').

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