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Superficial temporal artery

Major artery of the head

Field	Value
Name	Superficial temporal artery
Latin	arteria temporalis superficialis
Image	Arteria temporalis superficialis, ramus frontalis.jpg
Caption	Frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery
Image2	Superficial temporal artery.PNG
Caption2	Superficial dissection of the right side of the neck, showing the carotid and subclavian arteries.
BranchFrom	External carotid artery
BranchTo	Transverse facial artery
Middle temporal artery
Anterior auricular branch
frontal branch
parietal branch
Vein	Superficial temporal vein
Supplies	Temple, scalp

Middle temporal artery Anterior auricular branch frontal branch parietal branch In human anatomy, the superficial temporal artery is a major artery of the head. It arises from the external carotid artery when it splits into the superficial temporal artery and maxillary artery.

Its pulse can be felt above the zygomatic arch, above and in front of the tragus of the ear.

Structure

The superficial temporal artery is the smaller of two end branches that split superiorly from the external carotid. Based on its direction, the superficial temporal artery appears to be a continuation of the external carotid.

It begins within the parotid gland, behind the neck of the mandible, and passes superficially over the posterior root of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone; about 5 cm above this process it divides into two branches: a. frontal, and a. parietal.

Branches

The parietal branch of the superficial temporal artery (posterior temporal) is a small artery in the head. It is larger than the frontal branch and curves upward and backward on the side of the head, lying superficial to the temporal fascia; it joins with its fellow of the opposite side, and with the posterior auricular and occipital arteries.

The frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery (anterior temporal) runs tortuously upward and forward to the forehead, supplying the muscles, skin, and pericranium in this region, and anastomosing with the supraorbital and frontal arteries. In an estimate of the path of the nerve in the soft tissue of the temporal frontal branch using landmarks by Pitanguy, he describes a line starting from a point 0.5 cm below the tragus in the direction of the eyebrow, passing 1.5 cm above the lateral extremity of the eyebrow.

Relations

As it crosses the zygomatic process, it is covered by the auricularis anterior muscle and by a dense fascia; it is crossed by the temporal and zygomatic branches of the facial nerve and one or two veins, and is accompanied by the auriculotemporal nerve, which lies immediately behind it.

The superficial temporal artery joins () with, among others, the supraorbital artery of the internal carotid artery.

Clinical significance

The superficial temporal artery is often affected in giant-cell arteritis and biopsied if the diagnosis is suspected.

Additional images

Gray1200.png|Outline of side of face, showing chief surface markings. (Superficial temporal a. visible at center, to left of ear.) Gray508.png|The arteries of the face and scalp (frontal branch labeled at upper right)

References

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

arteries-of-the-head-and-neck

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