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Sulfur chloride pentafluoride

Sulfur chloride pentafluoride is an inorganic compound with the formula . It exists as a colorless gas at room temperature and is highly toxic, like most inorganic compounds containing the pentafluorosulfide (–) functional group. The compound adopts an octahedral geometry with symmetry. Sulfur chloride pentafluoride is the only commercially available reagent for adding the – group to organic compounds.

Reactivity

is highly reactive and toxic. In contrast, sulfur hexafluoride () is inert and nontoxic despite having a closely related chemical formula. This difference highlights the lability of the S–Cl bond in .

Under free-radical conditions, adds across double bonds. The following reaction occurs with propene: : + → CH3CHClCH2SF5

The addition reaction is catalyzed by at around −30 °C. is used similarly.

is also a precursor to O(SF5)2 and F2NSF5 (from tetrafluorohydrazine).

Synthesis

Sulfur chloropentafluoride can be synthesized by several routes, starting from two lower sulfur fluorides, sulfur tetrafluoride and disulfur decafluoride: : : :

The corresponding is prepared similarly from in-situ generated bromine monofluoride.

References

Nyman, F., Roberts, H. L., Seaton, T. "Sulfur Chloride Pentafluoride" Inorganic Syntheses, 1966, Volume 8, p. 160. {{doi. 10.1002/9780470132395.ch42
(2015). "Preparation and Utility of Organic Pentafluorosulfanyl-Containing Compounds". Chemical Reviews.
Dolbier, William R.. (2006). "A convenient and efficient method for incorporation of pentafluorosulfanyl (SF₅) substituents into aliphatic compounds". Journal of Fluorine Chemistry.
(1998). "An Improved and Facile Preparation of SF₅Br". Journal of Fluorine Chemistry.

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sulfur-chlorides sulfur-fluorides

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