Shades of black

Black

Main article: Black

Black is a color, the perception of which is evoked by the total absence of light that stimulates any of the three types of color sensitive cone cells in the human eye and with very low brightness compared to the surroundings. A black visual stimulation will be void of hue and grayness. Black is the darkest possible color.

Technical black varieties

Surface treatments to reflect as little light as possible have been developed throughout history, usually based on carbon. Intensive research to approach the ideal black body (which would absorb all incident electromagnetic radiation) though has emerged mainly in the 21st century. Important technical blacks include carbon black, super black and Vantablack.

In printing, rich black uses 100% black ink with the addition of other inks to achieve a blacker color.

Variations of black (off-black colors)

The colors are arranged in order of value or brightness, with the lightest colors at the top and the darkest at the bottom.

Dim gray

The web color dim gray is a dark tone of gray.

The color name dim gray first came into use in 1987, when this color was formulated as one of the colors on the X11 color list, introduced that year. After the invention of the World Wide Web in 1991, these colors became known as the "X11 web colors".

Cool black

Cool black is a dark shade of blue. It is one of the Pantone colors.

Ebony

The color ebony is a representation of the color of the wood ebony, a tropical hardwood widely used to make fine furniture, notably for French kings.

The first use of ebony as a color name in English was in 1590.

Davy's grey

Davy's gray is a dark gray color, made from powdered slate, iron oxide and carbon black named for Henry Davy.{{Citation |publication-date=2004 |access-date=2020-04-15 |publication-date=2004 |access-date=2020-04-15

The first recorded use of Davy's gray as a color name in English was in the 19th century (precise date uncertain).

Charcoal

Charcoal is a color that is a representation of the dark gray color of burned wood.

The first recorded use of charcoal as a color name in English was in 1606.

Outer Space

The color Outer Space was formulated by Crayola in 1998. The color was named after the sky in outer space.

Taupe

Main article: Taupe

The color displayed at right matches the color sample called taupe referenced below in the 1930 book A Dictionary of Color, the world standard for color terms before the invention of computers. However, the word taupe is currently often used to refer to lighter shades of taupe, and therefore another name for this color is dark taupe.

The first use of taupe as a color name in English was in the early 19th century (exact year is not known).

Black bean

Black bean is a color that resembles black beans. It is on the Xona.com Color List, which was formulated in 2001.

Black olive

Main article: Olive (color)#Black olive

Black olive is a representation of the color of black olives. Also known as olive, color No. 6015, in the RAL color matching system, widely used in Europe.

Onyx

The color onyx is a representation of the color of onyx.

This is one of the colors in the Crayola specialty crayon set called "Gem Tones", introduced in 1994.

Jet

The color jet, also called jet black, is a representation of the color of the mineraloid jet.

The first recorded use of jet as a color name in English was in 1450.

Raisin black

Main article: Raisin black

Raisin black is a color that is a representation of the color of black raisins.

Charleston green

According to a popular story, the color Charleston green originated after the American Civil War, when the North provided black paint to the South for use in its reconstruction. The inhabitants of Charleston, South Carolina mixed the black with a little bit of yellow and blue and created Charleston green. The earliest known use of the term to describe a dark shade of greenish black is 1953.

Since this color has a hue code of 180, it is actually an extremely dark shade of cyan. The paint manufacturer Duron/Sherwin-Williams paint color number for "historic Charleston green" is DCR099—the color sample at right was taken from this color swatch (hex code #232B2B), which is on the website accessible called Colors of Historic Charleston. This color looks black unless the sun hits it just right, and then the color registers a very dark forest green. From Rust-Oleum paint company it is color No. 214086 but still looks black on color cards.

Vampire black

The color vampire black is a very dark shade of gray.

Eerie black

The color eerie black was formulated by Crayola in the early 2000s as one of the colors in its Heads 'n Tails specialty box of colors.

Licorice

Main article: Licorice

The color licorice (also known as light black) was introduced by Crayola in 1994 as one of the colors in its specialty Crayola Magic Scent crayons with the scent of licorice candy.

References

References

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2. (1986). "Artists' Pigments: A Handbook of Their History and Characteristics". National Gallery of Art.
3. (2006-01-01). "Light Absorption by Carbonaceous Particles: An Investigative Review". Aerosol Science and Technology.
4. (6 February 2003). "Mini craters key to 'blackest ever black'". Newscientist.com.
5. (2006). "Evaluation of a pyroelectric detector with a carbon multiwalled nanotube black coating in the infrared". Applied Optics.
6. "PANTONE 295 C".
7. Maerz and Paul ''A Dictionary of Color'' New York: 1930 McGraw-Hill p. 194
8. (December 27, 2017). "Retsof online version of ISCC-NBS Dictionary of Colo(u)r Names - Da through Dz".
9. Maerz and Paul ''A Dictionary of Color'' New York: 1930 McGraw-Hill p. 194; Color Sample of Davy's Grey: p.. 117 Plate 47 Color Sample A4
10. (January 6, 2018). "Retsof online version of ISCC-NBS Dictionary of Colo(u)r Names - Ca through Cz".
11. Maerz and Paul. ''A Dictionary of Color''. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1930. p. 192; color sample: . 117, plate 47 Color Sample A2 – Charcoal
12. (December 28, 2017). "Retsof online version of ISCC-NBS Dictionary of Colo(u)r Names - Ta through Tz".
13. Maerz and Paul ''A Dictionary of Color'' New York: 1930 McGraw-Hill p. 205; Discussion of Color Taupe, p. 183; Color Sample of Taupe: p. 55 Plate 16 Color Sample A6
14. "Xona Games - Color List".
15. "RAL Color Chart | www.RALcolor.com".
16. (December 27, 2017). "Retsof online version of ISCC-NBS Dictionary of Colo(u)r Names - Ja through Jz".
17. "RAL 9005 Jet black (RAL Classic) | RALcolorchart.com".
18. Maerz and Paul. ''A Dictionary of Color''. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1930. p. 197
19. (January 15, 2018). "Retsof online version of ISCC-NBS Dictionary of Colo(u)r Names - Ra through Rz".
20. (April 7, 1953). "'Blitz Painting' To Start Today". News and Courier.
21. "Duron Paints—Colors of Historic Charleston—Charleston Green".