Surf Wiki
Save to docs
general/serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine-releasing-agents

From Surf Wiki (app.surf) — the open knowledge base

Serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent

Type of drug

Type of drug

A serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (SNDRA), also known as a triple releasing agent (TRA), is a type of drug which induces the release of serotonin, norepinephrine/epinephrine, and dopamine in the brain and body. SNDRAs may produce euphoriant, decongestant, aphrodisiacal, anorectic, nootropic, entactogenic, and/or psychostimulant effects. Drugs of this class tend to have high abuse liability, especially when taken in supratherapeutic quantities.

A closely related type of drug is a serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (SNDRI).

Examples of SNDRAs

Examples of SNDRAs include specific amphetamines such as MDMA, MDA, 4-methylamphetamine, methamphetamine (in high doses), certain substituted benzofurans such as 5-APB and 6-APB, naphthylisopropylamine; cathinones such as mephedrone and methylone; tryptamines such as αMT and αET; along with agents of other chemical classes such as 4,4'-DMAR, and 5-IAI. αET and αMT are of special notability among SNDRAs in that those tryptamines were once used as pharmaceutical drugs, specifically as antidepressants, but were withdrawn shortly after introduction in the 1960s due to problems with toxicity and recreational use. Such tryptamines were originally thought to act as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) before the signature monoamine-releasing actions were elucidated. Many years after being withdrawn, αET was also determined to produce serotonergic neurotoxicity, similarly to MDMA and various other SNDRAs; the same is very likely true for αMT as well, although it has not specifically been assessed.

Mechanism of action

Main article: Monoamine releasing agent#Mechanism of action

References

References

  1. Bruce E. Blough, Richard Rothman, Antonio Landavazo, Kevin M. Page, Ann Marie Decker. Phenylmorpholines and analogues thereof. US Patent 2013/0203752
  2. Donald G. Barceloux. (20 March 2012). "Medical Toxicology of Drug Abuse: Synthesized Chemicals and Psychoactive Plants". John Wiley & Sons.
  3. Leslie Iversen. (11 November 2013). "Handbook of Psychopharmacology: Volume 14 Affective Disorders: Drug Actions in Animals and Man". Springer Science & Business Media.
  4. (17 May 2013). "Biological Research on Addiction: Comprehensive Addictive Behaviors and Disorders". Academic Press.
  5. (1991). "Reduction in brain serotonin markers by α-ethyltryptamine (Monase)". European Journal of Pharmacology.
Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine-releasing-agents
Want to explore this topic further?

Ask Mako anything about Serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent — get instant answers, deeper analysis, and related topics.

Research with Mako

Free with your Surf account

Content sourced from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This content may have been generated or modified by AI. CloudSurf Software LLC is not responsible for the accuracy, completeness, or reliability of AI-generated content. Always verify important information from primary sources.

Report