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Selective Draft Law Cases

FieldValue
LitigantsArver v. United States
Grahl v. United States
Wangerin v. United States
Wangerin v. United States
Kramer v. United States
Graubard v. United States
ArgueDateADecember 13
ArgueDateB14
ArgueYear1917
DecideDateJanuary 7
DecideYear1918
FullNameArver v. United States,
Grahl v. United States
Wangerin v. United States
Wangerin v. United States
Goldman v. United States,
Kramer v. United States,
Ruthenburg v. United States,
Graubard v. United States
USVol245
USPage366
MajorityWhite
JoinMajority*unanimous*
LawsAppliedSelective Service Act of 1917

Grahl v. United States Wangerin v. United States Wangerin v. United States Kramer v. United States Graubard v. United States Grahl v. United States Wangerin v. United States Wangerin v. United States Goldman v. United States, Kramer v. United States, Ruthenburg v. United States, Graubard v. United States |Concurrence/Dissent= |JoinConcurrence/Dissent= Arver v. United States, 245 U.S. 366 (1918), also known as the Selective Draft Law Cases, was a series of United States Supreme Court decisions united under the Arver name which upheld the Selective Service Act of 1917, and more generally upheld conscription in the United States. The Supreme Court held that conscription did not violate the Thirteenth Amendment's prohibition of involuntary servitude or the First Amendment's protection of freedom of conscience.

The Solicitor General's argument and the court's opinion were based primarily on Kneedler v. Lane, which was actually multiple opinions of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania during the American Civil War that upheld the Enrollment Act, as well as Vattel's The Law of Nations (1758). The Court's reliance on the Kneedler v. Lane decisions has been questioned on multiple occasions.

As reasoning for its decision, laws of the following governments of sovereign states were given as listed in The Statesman's Yearbook for 1917 as enforcing military service:

  • Argentina
  • Austria-Hungary
  • Belgium
  • Brazil
  • Bulgaria
  • Bolivia
  • Canada
  • Colombia
  • Chile
  • China
  • Denmark
  • Ecuador
  • El Salvador
  • France
  • Greece
  • Germany
  • Guatemala
  • Honduras
  • Italy
  • Japan
  • Mexico
  • Montenegro
  • Netherlands
  • Nicaragua
  • Norway
  • Peru
  • Portugal
  • Romania
  • Russia
  • Serbia
  • Siam
  • Spain
  • Switzerland
  • Turkey

References

References

  1. Leach, Jack Franklin. (1952). "Conscription in the United States: Historical Background". C.E. Tuttle Pub. Co..
  2. Delehant, John W.. (December 1967). "A Judicial Revisitation Finds Kneedler v. Lane Not So 'Amazing'". [[ABA Journal]].
  3. Bernstein, JL. (August 1967). "Conscription and the Constitution: The Amazing Case of Kneedler v. Lane". [[ABA Journal]].
  4. Military Service Act of August 27, 1917, expressly providing for service abroad. Printed in the Congressional Record of September 20, 1917, 55th Cong. Rec., p. 7959
  5. ''{{lang. fr. La loi du 15 juillet 1889 sur le recrutement de l'armée'', July 15, 1889 (Duvergier, vol. 89, p. 440), modified by act of March 21, 1905 (Duvergier, vol. 105, p. 133)
  6. Constitution, German Empire, April 16, 1871, Art. 57, 59
  7. ''{{lang. de. Gesetz, betreffend Aenderungen der Wehrpflicht, vom February 11, 1888'', No. 1767, ''{{lang. de. [[Reichsgesetzblatt. Reichs-Gesetzblatt]]'', p. 11, amended by law of July 22, 1913, No. 4264, ''{{lang. de. RGBl.'', p. 593
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