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SDI (engine)
Type of diesel engine
Type of diesel engine
The SDI engine is a design of naturally aspirated (NA) direct injection diesel engine developed and produced by Volkswagen Group for use in cars and vans, along with marine engine (Volkswagen Marine) and Volkswagen Industrial Motor applications.
The SDI brand name (derived from "Suction Diesel Injection" or "Suction Diesel Direct Injection", the latter a literal translation of the ) was adopted in order to differentiate between earlier and less efficient indirect injection engines, called SD or "Suction Diesel", which were also produced by Volkswagen Group.
SDI engines are only produced in inline or straight engine configurations; and as they originate from a German manufacture, are designated as either R4 or R5, taken from the . They are available in various displacements (from 1.7 to 2.5 litres), in inline-four (R4 or I4) and inline-five (R5 or I5), in various states of tune, depending on intended application.
The SDI engine is generally utilised in applications where reliability and fuel economy are of primary concern. These engines lack any type of forced induction, hence the use of 'suction' in the title, and their power output is lower than a turbocharged engine of similar displacement. For example, the 2.0 SDI engine fitted to the Volkswagen Golf Mk5 has a peak power output of 55 kW; whereas the same engine in Turbocharged Direct Injection (TDI) form is rated at 103 kW or 125 kW, depending on specifications.
SDI engines and applications
| model | designation | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| or ID code(s) | engine | ||||||||
| displacement | peak power | ||||||||
| at rpm (Directive 80/1269/EEC) | max. torque | ||||||||
| at rpm | notable | ||||||||
| design features | notes & application(s) | *automotive engines* | ***marine engines*** | *industrial engines (80/1269/EEC-rated)* | |||||
| **1.7 SDI** | AHB, AHG, AKU, AKW | 1716 cc | 44 kW @ 4,200 | 115 Nm | |||||
| @ 2,200 | Bosch VP37 () electronic distributor injection pump | Volkswagen Lupo, SEAT Arosa, Volkswagen Polo (some markets), Volkswagen Caddy *Typ* 9K | |||||||
| **1.9 SDI** | ASY, AEY, AGD | 1896 cc | 47 kW @ 4,200 | 125 Nm | |||||
| @ 1,600-2,800 | Bosch VP37 (*VerteilerPumpe*) electronic distributor injection pump | Volkswagen Polo Mk3, Volkswagen Polo Classic, Volkswagen Golf Mk3, Volkswagen Caddy *Typ* 9U/9K, SEAT Inca, Škoda Octavia (Mk1), Škoda Fabia, Volkswagen Bora (some markets), Volkswagen Jetta King, Volkswagen Jetta Pioneer | |||||||
| **1.9 SDI** | AGP, AQM | 1896 cc | 50 kW @ 4,000 | 133 Nm | |||||
| @ 1,800 | Bosch VP37 (*VerteilerPumpe*) electronic distributor injection pump | Volkswagen Polo Mk3, Volkswagen Golf Mk4, Volkswagen Caddy *Typ* 9U/9K, SEAT Ibiza, SEAT Inca, SEAT León Mk1 (1M), Škoda Octavia (Mk1) Volkswagen Bora (some markets) | |||||||
| **2.0 SDI PD** | BDJ, BST | 1968 cc | 51 kW @ 4,200 | ||||||
| @ 2,200-2,400 | Bosch Pumpe Düse | ||||||||
| technology | Volkswagen Caddy *Typ* 2K | ||||||||
| **2.0 SDI PD** | BDK | 1968 cc | 55 kW @ 4,200 | 140 Nm | |||||
| @ 2,200-2,400 | Bosch Pumpe Düse | ||||||||
| technology | Volkswagen Golf Mk5 | ||||||||
| **2.5 R5 SDI** | AGX | 2461 cc | 55 kW | 160 Nm | Inline-five engine, Bosch VP37 (*VerteilerPumpe*) electronic distributor injection pump | Volkswagen LT28 and LT35 vans (05/96-04/01) | |||
| **1.9 SDI** | |||||||||
| SDI 40–4, | |||||||||
| SDI 50–4, | |||||||||
| SDI 60-4 | 1896 cc | ||||||||
| 37 kW @ 3,000 / | |||||||||
| 44 kW @ 3,600 | |||||||||
| 130 Nm @ 2,000 / | |||||||||
| 129 Nm @ 2,000 | Bosch VP37 (*VerteilerPumpe*) electronic distributor injection pump | Small motor cruisers. Optional connection for heater core or hot water preparation for use in sailboats | |||||||
| **2.5 R5 SDI** | |||||||||
| SDI 55–5, | |||||||||
| SDI 75-5 | 2461 cc | ||||||||
| 55 kW @ 3,600 | 155 Nm | ||||||||
| @ 2,250 | Inline-five engine, Bosch VP37 (*VerteilerPumpe*) electronic distributor injection pump | Yachts and motor cruisers | |||||||
| **1.9 SDI** | |||||||||
| 430/BXT | 1896 cc | 30 kW | Bosch VP37 (VerteilerPumpe) electronic distributor injection pump | Volkswagen Industrial Motor | |||||
| **1.9 SDI** | |||||||||
| 444 | 1896 cc | 44 kW @ 3,600 | 130 Nm | ||||||
| @ 2,200 | Bosch VP37 (VerteilerPumpe) electronic distributor injection pump | Volkswagen Industrial Motor |
:Notes: Volkswagen Marine engines were originally rated according to Directive 80/1269/ EEC. However, some are now being rated to ISO 8178-4.
Lubricants==
Like their related Volkswagen Group Turbocharged Direct Injection diesel engines, Volkswagen AG requires that motor oil lubricants for SDI engines must conform to one of the officially approved standards VW505.00, 505.01, 506.00, 506.01, or 507.00. 'Generic' oil standards such as the American Petroleum Institute 'API', or European Automobile Manufacturers Association 'ACEA' are not in themselves recognised or approved by VW, although such an oil may also conform to one of the specific VW standards.
Many formulations of motor oils from most brands are now "VW Approved" to the above standards. However some unapproved 'off brands' print the VW number on the label, implying that they meet the said standard, but hide in small type the word "recommended". Only Volkswagen AG can grant the necessary approvals, following in-house testing. Volkswagen Germany (and Volkswagen of America) publish up-to-date lists of currently approved oils on their respective websites, along with the technical resource, erWin.
All SDI-engined models with "LongLife Servicing", "Extended Service Intervals", "ESI", or "WIV", must be lubricated by official 'LongLife' lubricants, namely VW506.00 (for non-PD), VW506.01 (for PD), or VW507.00. According to VW 'generic' longlife lubricants, or those certified by other manufacturers such as General Motors, BMW or Mercedes-Benz should not be used.
SDI vs other VW Group diesel engines==
The following table contains a selection of current and historical Volkswagen Group compression-ignition SDI diesel engines for comparison of performance and operating characteristics with other naturally aspirated and forced induction engines of the same capacity:
| engine | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| model | engine | ||||||||||||||||
| displacement | engine configuration | ||||||||||||||||
| & diesel fuel system | valvetrain | max. | |||||||||||||||
| power: | |||||||||||||||||
| kW | |||||||||||||||||
| (PS) | rpm | ||||||||||||||||
| for | |||||||||||||||||
| max. | |||||||||||||||||
| power | max. | ||||||||||||||||
| torque: | |||||||||||||||||
| Nm | |||||||||||||||||
| (ft·lbf] | rpm | ||||||||||||||||
| for | |||||||||||||||||
| max. | |||||||||||||||||
| torque | specific | ||||||||||||||||
| power: | |||||||||||||||||
| kW/L | |||||||||||||||||
| (PS/L) | max | ||||||||||||||||
| MEP: | |||||||||||||||||
| bar | MEP @ | ||||||||||||||||
| max. | |||||||||||||||||
| power: | |||||||||||||||||
| bar | max | ||||||||||||||||
| operating | |||||||||||||||||
| revs: | |||||||||||||||||
| rpm | dates | ||||||||||||||||
| installed | engine | ||||||||||||||||
| model | engine | ||||||||||||||||
| displacement | engine configuration | ||||||||||||||||
| & diesel fuel system | valvetrain | max. | |||||||||||||||
| power: | |||||||||||||||||
| kW | |||||||||||||||||
| (PS) | rpm | ||||||||||||||||
| for | |||||||||||||||||
| max. | |||||||||||||||||
| power | max. | ||||||||||||||||
| torque: | |||||||||||||||||
| Nm | |||||||||||||||||
| (ft·lbf) | rpm | ||||||||||||||||
| for | |||||||||||||||||
| max. | |||||||||||||||||
| torque | specific | ||||||||||||||||
| power: | |||||||||||||||||
| kW/L | |||||||||||||||||
| (PS/L) | max | ||||||||||||||||
| MEP: | |||||||||||||||||
| bar | MEP @ | ||||||||||||||||
| max. | |||||||||||||||||
| power: | |||||||||||||||||
| bar | max | ||||||||||||||||
| operating | |||||||||||||||||
| rpm | dates | ||||||||||||||||
| installed | |||||||||||||||||
| **1.4 SD** | 1391 cc | inline 4, indirect injection | |||||||||||||||
| mechanical distributor injection pump | 8v | ||||||||||||||||
| SOHC | 35 | ||||||||||||||||
| (48) | 4,500 | 82 | |||||||||||||||
| (60) | 2,700 – 3,500 | 25.2 | |||||||||||||||
| (34.5) | 5,000 | Polo 2, 2F | |||||||||||||||
| late 1980s - | |||||||||||||||||
| early 1990s | |||||||||||||||||
| **1.4 TDI** | 1422 cc | inline 3, turbo direct injection | |||||||||||||||
| mechanically pressurised, electrically triggered pumpe-duse unit injectors | 12v | ||||||||||||||||
| SOHC | 59 | ||||||||||||||||
| (80) | 4,000 | 195 | |||||||||||||||
| (144) | 2,200 | 41.5 | |||||||||||||||
| (56.3) | Polo Bluemotion, first generation | ||||||||||||||||
| 2006 - | |||||||||||||||||
| 2010 | |||||||||||||||||
| **1.7 D** | 1716 cc | inline 4, indirect injection | |||||||||||||||
| mechanical distributor injection pump | 8v | ||||||||||||||||
| SOHC | 42 | ||||||||||||||||
| (57) | 4,500 | 103 | |||||||||||||||
| (76) | 2,800 | 24.5 | |||||||||||||||
| (33.2) | 10/1986- | ||||||||||||||||
| 05/1992 | |||||||||||||||||
| **1.7 SDI** | 1716 cc | inline 4, direct injection | |||||||||||||||
| electronic distributor injection pump | 8v | ||||||||||||||||
| SOHC | 44 | ||||||||||||||||
| (60) | 4,200 | 115 | |||||||||||||||
| (85) | 2,200 | 25.6 | |||||||||||||||
| (35.0) | 07/1996- | ||||||||||||||||
| 07/2005 | |||||||||||||||||
| **1.9 D** | 1896 cc | inline 4, indirect injection | |||||||||||||||
| mechanical distributor injection pump | 8v | ||||||||||||||||
| SOHC | 47 | ||||||||||||||||
| (64) | 4,300 | 124 | |||||||||||||||
| (91) | 2,500- | ||||||||||||||||
| 3,200 | 24.8 | ||||||||||||||||
| (33.8) | |||||||||||||||||
| **1.9 SD** | 1896 cc | inline 4, indirect injection | |||||||||||||||
| electronic distributor injection pump | 8v | ||||||||||||||||
| SOHC | 36 | ||||||||||||||||
| (49) | 3,000 | 121 | |||||||||||||||
| (89) | 1,800 | 19.0 | |||||||||||||||
| (25.8) | current | ||||||||||||||||
| (Industrial) | |||||||||||||||||
| **1.9 SDI** | 1896 cc | inline 4, direct injection | |||||||||||||||
| electronic distributor injection pump | 8v | ||||||||||||||||
| SOHC | 50 | ||||||||||||||||
| (68) | 4,000 | 133 | |||||||||||||||
| (98) | 1,800 | 26.4 | |||||||||||||||
| (35.9) | current | ||||||||||||||||
| **1.9 TD** | 1896 cc | inline 4, indirect injection | |||||||||||||||
| mechanical distributor injection pump | 8v | ||||||||||||||||
| SOHC | 55 | ||||||||||||||||
| (75) | 4,200 | 150 | |||||||||||||||
| (111) | 2,000 | 29.0 | |||||||||||||||
| (39.6) | |||||||||||||||||
| **1.9 TDI** | 1896 cc | inline 4, direct injection | |||||||||||||||
| electronic distributor injection pump | 8v | ||||||||||||||||
| SOHC | 66 | ||||||||||||||||
| (90) | 3,750 | 210 | |||||||||||||||
| (155) | 1,900 | 34.8 | |||||||||||||||
| (47.5) | |||||||||||||||||
| **1.9 TDI PD** | 1896 cc | inline 4, direct injection | |||||||||||||||
| Pumpe Düse (PD) Unit Injector | 8v | ||||||||||||||||
| SOHC | 96 | ||||||||||||||||
| (131) | 4,000 | 310 | |||||||||||||||
| (229) | 1,900 | 50.6 | |||||||||||||||
| (69.1) | current | ||||||||||||||||
| **2.0 SDI PD** | 1968 cc | inline 4, direct injection | |||||||||||||||
| Pumpe Düse (PD) Unit Injector | 8v | ||||||||||||||||
| SOHC | 55 | ||||||||||||||||
| (75) | 4,200 | 140 | |||||||||||||||
| (103) | 2,400 | 27.9 | |||||||||||||||
| (38.1) | current | ||||||||||||||||
| **2.0 TDI PD** | |||||||||||||||||
| 140 PS | 1968 cc | inline 4, direct injection | |||||||||||||||
| Pumpe Düse (PD) Unit Injector | 8v | ||||||||||||||||
| SOHC | 103 | ||||||||||||||||
| (140) | 4,000 | 320 | |||||||||||||||
| (236) | 1,800 | 52.3 | |||||||||||||||
| (71.1) | 20.43 | 15.70 | current | ||||||||||||||
| **2.0 TDI PD 16v** | |||||||||||||||||
| 170 PS | 1968 cc | inline 4, direct injection | |||||||||||||||
| Pumpe Düse (PD) Unit Injector | 16v | ||||||||||||||||
| DOHC | 125 | ||||||||||||||||
| (170) | 4,200 | 350 | |||||||||||||||
| (258) | 1,800- | ||||||||||||||||
| 2,500 | 63.5 | ||||||||||||||||
| (86.4) | current | ||||||||||||||||
| **2.0 TDI CR 16v** | |||||||||||||||||
| 170 PS | 1968 cc | inline 4, direct injection | |||||||||||||||
| common rail (CR) | 16v | ||||||||||||||||
| DOHC | 125 | ||||||||||||||||
| (170) | 4,200 | 350 | |||||||||||||||
| (258) | 1,750- | ||||||||||||||||
| 2,500 | 63.5 | ||||||||||||||||
| (86.4) | current | ||||||||||||||||
| **2.5 R5 SDI** | |||||||||||||||||
| 75 PS | 2461 cc | inline 5, direct injection | |||||||||||||||
| electronic distributor injection pump | 10v | ||||||||||||||||
| SOHC | 55 | ||||||||||||||||
| (75) | 3,600 | 155 | |||||||||||||||
| (114) | 2,250 | 22.3 | |||||||||||||||
| (30.5) | 02/2002- | ||||||||||||||||
| current | |||||||||||||||||
| **2.5 R5 TDI CR** | |||||||||||||||||
| 163 PS | 2461 cc | inline 5, direct injection | |||||||||||||||
| common rail (CR) | 10v | ||||||||||||||||
| SOHC | 120 | ||||||||||||||||
| (163) | 3,500 | 350 | |||||||||||||||
| (258) | 2,000 | 48.8 | |||||||||||||||
| (66.3) | current | ||||||||||||||||
| **2.5 R5 TDI PD** | |||||||||||||||||
| 174 PS | 2461 cc | inline 5, direct injection | |||||||||||||||
| Pumpe Düse (PD) Unit Injector | 10v | ||||||||||||||||
| SOHC | 128 | ||||||||||||||||
| (174) | 3,500 | 400 | |||||||||||||||
| (295) | 2,000 | 52.0 | |||||||||||||||
| (70.7) | 20.43 | 17.84 | current |
References
References
- (2009). "Volkswagen Marine > Engines <". [[Volkswagen Group]].
- (April 2001). "Boat engines from Volkswagen Marine – Self-study programme M001 – Design and function". [[Volkswagen Group]].
- (March 2005). "The SDI 1.9 Industrial Engine". [[Volkswagen Group.
- (2000). "Volkswagen Caddy owners manual, RHD models". [[Volkswagen Group.
- Max Bohner. (2001). "Fachkunde Kraftfahrzeugtechnik". [[Europa-Lehrmittel]].
- "Abbreviations". SG Petch Ltd ([[SEAT]] franchised dealer).
- "Products – VOLKSWAGEN". Alex Original ltd.
- "TB 20 addendum – Technical Bulletin for Volkswagen Group timing belt renewal intervals". Gates.com.
- "SDI 40-4 – engine performance". Volkswagen Marine.
- "SDI 50-4 – engine performance". Volkswagen Marine.
- "SDI 60-4 – engine performance". Volkswagen Marine.
- "SDI 55-5 – engine performance". Volkswagen Marine.
- "SDI 75-5 – engine performance". Volkswagen Marine.
- "Volkswagen oil specifications". OilSpecifications.org.
- "American Petroleum Institute". OilSpecifications.org.
- "ACEA engine oil sequences". OilSpecifications.org.
- "Approved oils – from erWin online". [[Volkswagen Group.
- "General Motors oil specifications". OilSpecifications.org.
- "BMW oil specifications". OilSpecifications.org.
- "Mercedes oil specifications". OilSpecifications.org.
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