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Scilla peruviana

Species of flowering plant

Scilla peruviana

Species of flowering plant

|Oncostema peruviana|(L.) Speta |Caloscilla elegans|Jord. & Fourr. |Hyacinthus peruvianus|(L.) Vilm. |Melomphis peruviana|(L.) Raf.

Scilla peruviana (or Oncostema peruviana), the Cuban lily, Peruvian hyacinth or Portuguese squill, is a species of Scilla native to the western Mediterranean region in Iberia, Italy, and northwest Africa. It is a bulb-bearing herbaceous perennial plant. The bulb is 6–8 cm in diameter, white with a covering of brown scales. The leaves are linear, 20–60 cm long and 1–4 cm broad, with 5-15 leaves produced each spring. The flowering stem is 15–40 cm tall, bearing a dense pyramidal raceme of 40-100 flowers; each flower is blue, 1–2 cm in diameter, with six tepals. The foliage dies down in summer, re-appearing in the autumn.

Names and taxonomy

Although the epithet peruviana means "from Peru" and a common name is "Cuban lily", Scilla peruviana is strictly a western Mediterranean species. Linnaeus named the species in 1753, citing an earlier name given to the plant by Carolus Clusius, Hyacinthus stellatus peruanus. Clusius mentioned the species as growing in the Antwerp garden of a certain Everardus Munichoven, who reportedly got the plants from Peru. The error was already mentioned in 1804 in Curtis's Botanical Magazine. There is no reliable source for the story about a ship named Peru, shipping plants from Spain to Northern Europe, misleading Clusius or Linnaeus into giving the erroneous name.

The status of the genus Scilla has been in flux, with some authorities splitting it into a number of smaller genera based on karyological analysis and the principles of monophyly. A scheme by Franz Speta names S. peruviana as Oncostema peruviana, but this changed has not been widely accepted.

Cultivation and uses

It is commonly grown as an ornamental plant for its spring flowers; several cultivars are available ranging in colour from white to light or dark blue, or violet. In some areas it is also known as hyacinth-of-Peru, Cuban-lily, or Peruvian scilla.

It is not entirely hardy, suffering from prolonged frost. The best environment is a warm mediterranean climate similar to its native habitat.

Notes

References

References

  1. {{BSBI 2007
  2. {{GRIN
  3. Clusius, C.. (1601). "Rariorum plantarum historia". Plantijn Moretus.
  4. (1804). "Scilla peruviana". Curtis's Botanical Magazine.
  5. "All about Scilla peruviana". Longfield Gardens.
  6. "Oncostema peruviana (L.) Speta".
  7. (2009). "A subfamilial Classification for the Expanded Asparagalean Families Amaryllidaceae, Asparagaceae and Xanthorrhoeaceae". [[Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society]].
  8. {{Cite GBIF
  9. (2019). "Temperate Garden Plant Families: The Essential Guide to Identification and Classification".
  10. Knight, Anthony P.. (2007). "A Guide to Poisonous House and Garden Plants". Teton New Media.
  11. Lawrence, Elizabeth. (2007). "Beautiful at All Seasons: Southern Gardening and Beyond with Elizabeth Lawrence". Duke University Press.
  12. Linnaeus, C.. (1753). "Species Plantarum". Laurentius Salvius.
  13. (1999). "Phylogenetics of Hyacinthaceae Based on Plastid DNA Sequences". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden.
  14. "''Oncostema peruviana'' (L.) Speta".
  15. "''Scilla peruviana'' L.".
  16. Speta, Franz. (14 August 1998). "Systematische Analyse der Gattung Scilla L. s.l. (Hyacinthaceae)". Phyton: Annales Rei Botanicae.
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