Rift sawing

Process

Leading to some confusion, the terms "rift sawing" and "quarter sawing" are interchanged between various sources.

Radial cut

Civil Engineering Materials describes rift-sawing as a process where boards are cut radially.

This is similar to the process used to make wood shingles. The word rift derives from rive, which describes the splitting of a bolt of lumber along its radius.

The Architectural Woodwork Institute (AWI) refers to such cuts as having "radial" or "edge grain", but does not describe them as "rift sawn".

Quarter cut

Sources such as Band Saw Fundamentals refer to quarter round logs cut at a diagonal to the initial quartering cuts as being "rift sawn".

Rift-sawing may also be described as lumber produced during the latter stages of stepped cuts on a quarter round, where the subsequent cuts are parallel to either of the initial quartering cuts. The AWI defines "rift sawing" as a technique of cutting boards from logs so the grain is between 30–60° to the face of the board, with 45 degrees being "optimum".

Comparison

Diagonal- and stepped-cut rift-sawing is intermediate to flat-sawn and radial cut lumber. The angle of the bastard grain may differ along the width of the board or between opposing sides, and enhances the appearance of ray fleck.

Flat-sawing is the quickest method, producing the least wood waste and the largest possible boards from a log. However, it can produce boards that are more susceptible to cupping and shrinkage. The grain is often irregular, and may display loops, hyperbolas, and more elaborate patterns depending on species.

Quarter-sawing produces smaller boards than flat sawing but has a straighter grain. This process takes many more steps, especially if later cuts are alternated rather than parallel.

References