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Queuosine

Queuosine is a modified nucleoside that is present in certain tRNAs in bacteria and eukaryotes. It contains the nucleobase queuine. Originally identified in E. coli, queuosine was found to occupy the first anticodon position of tRNAs for histidine, aspartic acid, asparagine and tyrosine. The first anticodon position pairs with the third "wobble" position in codons, and queuosine improves accuracy of translation compared to guanosine. Synthesis of queuosine begins with GTP. In bacteria, three structurally unrelated classes of riboswitch are known to regulate genes that are involved in the synthesis or transport of pre-queuosine1, a precursor to queuosine: PreQ1-I riboswitches, PreQ1-II riboswitches and PreQ1-III riboswitches.

Queuosine biosynthesis genes have also been found on phage genomes and may be involved in protection from genome degradation by the host.

References

References

  1. (February 2003). "Biosynthesis of the 7-deazaguanosine hypermodified nucleosides of transfer RNA". Bioorganic Chemistry.
  2. (2001). "Queuosine modification of tRNA: a case for convergent evolution". Molecular Genetics and Metabolism.
  3. (January 1972). "Possible anticodon sequences of tRNA His, tRNA Asm, and tRNA Asp from Escherichia coli B. Universal presence of nucleoside Q in the first position of the anticondons of these transfer ribonucleic acids". Biochemistry.
  4. (November 1981). "Wild-type tRNATyrG reads the TMV RNA stop codon, but Q base-modified tRNATyrQ does not". Nature.
  5. (March 1985). "Queuosine modification of the wobble base in tRNAHis influences 'in vivo' decoding properties". The EMBO Journal.
  6. (September 2001). "Improvement of reading frame maintenance is a common function for several tRNA modifications". The EMBO Journal.
  7. (January 2018). "Comparative Genomics of Bacteriophage of the Genus Seuratvirus". Genome Biology and Evolution.
  8. (January 2011). "Genome annotation and intraviral interactome for the Streptococcus pneumoniae virulent phage Dp-1". Journal of Bacteriology.
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nucleosides pyrrolopyrimidines tetrahydrofurans cyclopentenes hydroxymethyl-compounds
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