Prime Minister of Singapore

History

The office of prime minister succeeded the office of chief minister in 1959 after Singapore had attained self-governance from the United Kingdom, as the State of Singapore, with Lee Kuan Yew being sworn in as the first prime minister on 5 June 1959.

Concerning Singapore's autonomous status in the Malaysia Agreement, the title of prime minister remained unchanged after Singapore's merger with Malaya, Sarawak and North Borneo to form Malaysia in 1963, despite the existence of the prime minister of Malaysia for the entire federation of which Singapore was briefly a part.

Following the independence of Singapore in 1965, the office of Prime Minister was retained, with the president of Singapore becoming a ceremonial head of state. In 1991, amendments to the Constitution of Singapore vested executive powers in the presidency, along with discretionary veto powers over the government. The Constitution also vests "general direction and control of the government" in the Cabinet, with the president almost always bound to act on the advice of the Cabinet or any minister acting under the Cabinet authority. Thus, in practice, most of the actual work of governing is done by the prime minister and Cabinet.

Under Article 26(4)(a) of the Constitution of Singapore, the prime minister may appoint a Cabinet minister, subject to presidential approval, as acting prime minister if the prime minister is on medical leave, away from Singapore or is granted a leave of absence under Article 32 of the Constitution. The deputy prime minister or senior minister will usually become the acting prime minister. Still, any Cabinet minister may be appointed to the role.

Authority

Under the Constitution, executive power is nominally vested in the president. However, the president can only exercise that authority on the advice of the Cabinet or a minister acting under general Cabinet authority. Hence, in practice, the prime minister, as the Cabinet's leader, does most of the actual work of governing.

The prime minister is responsible for overseeing the government's day-to-day affairs and executing government policy. As leader of the majority party in Parliament, the prime minister is also responsible for passing legislation through Parliament.

The prime minister also nominates the speaker of Parliament and leader of the house, who are responsible for arranging government business and organising legislative programmes, usually under the directive of the prime minister and the Cabinet.

The prime minister chooses the other members of the Cabinet by advising the president; the president must exercise their powers in accordance with the advice of the prime minister. The prime minister may change, retain, or revoke any sitting minister's appointment under their prerogative. The prime minister also advises the president on appointments, such as Attorney-General, and Permanent Secretary of a ministry.

The prime minister can advise the president to make a Proclamation of Emergency; the president issues the Proclamation if satisfied.

The prime minister can declare a defence or security measure, and has executive authority over the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) through the Armed Forces Council, which consists of Minister for Defence, Permanent Secretaries of the Ministry of Defence (MINDEF), Chief of Defence Force, Chief of Army, Chief of Air Force and Chief of Navy; all of whom are appointed by the president under the prime minister's advice.

Privileges

Sri Temasek is the prime minister's official residence, though none of the prime ministers have ever lived there. The Istana is the working office of the prime minister. Since 2024 however, Sri Temasek has been the working office of the Prime Minister due to the ongoing renovations at The Istana, as confirmed by Lawrence Wong in his National Day Address. The prime minister is protected by the Specialised Security Command of the Singapore Police Force (SPF), who also ensure the protection of the president, cabinet ministers and visiting foreign dignitaries.

The annual salary package the prime minister would receive, including the 13th-month bonus, Annual Variable Component, and National Bonus, which is twice the MR4 benchmark, stands at . As there is no one to decide on the annual performance bonus for the prime minister, the prime minister's bonus will be based only on the National Bonus. The prime minister is also on the Medisave-cum-Subsidised Outpatient (MSO) scheme—where an additional 2% of their gross monthly salary will be credited into their Medisave account.

The prime minister's annual salary was before a salary review in 2011. On 21 May 2011, a committee was set by Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong, to review the salaries of the prime minister as well as the president, ministers, members of Parliament and other political officeholders. After the recommended wage reductions by the committee were accepted in Parliament, the prime minister's salary was reduced by 36%—including the removal of his pension to or approximately at that time. Nonetheless, Singapore's prime minister remains the world's highest-paid political leader.

Unlike many heads of government, Singapore's prime minister does not have a dedicated government aircraft and instead travels on commercial flights. When representing the government abroad, they would typically fly with Singapore Airlines or, for less prominent destinations, with its budget subsidiary Scoot.

List of prime ministers of Singapore

; Political parties

Timeline

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References

References

1. Kok, Xinghui. (2024-05-15). "Singapore's new PM takes office pledging to lead his own way". Reuters.
2. Hoe Yeen Nie. (2 June 2009). "State of Singapore came into being 50 years ago on 3 June". Channel NewsAsia.
3. (18 November 1959). "Statesmen keep an old date". Singapore Free Press.
4. (5 June 1959). "The Cabinet to be sworn in today". The Straits Times.
5. (31 July 1964). "Kuan Yew: Don't let the extremists create more trouble". The Straits Times.
6. (20 June 1964). "Kuan Yew to open PAP branch". The Straits Times.
7. "The powers of the President".
8. "Constitution of the Republic of Singapore: Section 24 Cabinet".
9. {{cite constitution. (13 August 2022)
10. {{cite constitution. (13 August 2022)
11. (20 August 2020). "Tan Chuan-Jin to be nominated Speaker, Indranee to be Leader of the House, when Parliament reopens".
12. "Constitution of the Republic of Singapore: Section 25 Appointment of Prime Minister and Ministers".
13. "Constitution of the Republic of Singapore: Section 34 Permanent Secretaries".
14. "Constitution of the Republic of Singapore: Section 35 Attorney-General".
15. "Constitution of the Republic of Singapore: Section 150 Proclamation of Emergency".
16. "Constitution of the Republic of Singapore: Section 151A Defence and security measures".
17. "Singapore Armed Forces Act: Section 8 Establishment of Armed Forces Council".
18. "Frequently Asked Questions".
19. (8 August 2024). "PMO | National Day Message 2024".
20. "Leading the Specialised Security Command".
21. "Ministers received average national bonus of 4.1 months over last 5 years".
22. "Do Ministers get free healthcare?".
23. (10 January 2012). "White Paper – Salaries for a Capable and Committed Government".
24. (22 May 2011). "Committee to review salaries of the President, Prime Minister and Political Appointment Holders". Prime Minister's Office.
25. (28 March 2015). "Singapore PM Lee Hsien Loong remains highest paid country leader with $1.7m annual salary". International Business Times.
26. (1 April 2023). "PM Lee taken to VIP lounge by bus as he flew a domestic airline to Beijing, not a private plane: Zaobao".
27. (12 October 2024). "PM Wong takes Scoot flight, fellow passengers cheer".