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Population growth

Increase in the number of individuals in a population

Population growth

Increase in the number of individuals in a population

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Population growth is the increase in the number of people in a population or dispersed group. The global population has grown from 1 billion in 1800 to 8.2 billion in 2025. Actual global human population growth amounts to around 70 million annually, or 0.85% per year. As of 2024, The United Nations projects that global population will peak in the mid-2080s at around 10.3 billion. The UN's estimates have decreased strongly in recent years due to sharp declines in global birth rates. Others have challenged many recent population projections as having underestimated population growth.

The world human population has been growing since the end of the Black Death, around the year 1350. A mix of technological advancement that improved agricultural productivity and sanitation and medical advancement that reduced mortality increased population growth. In some geographies, this has slowed through the process called the demographic transition, where many nations with high standards of living have seen a significant slowing of population growth. This is in direct contrast with less developed contexts, where population growth is still happening. Globally, the rate of population growth has declined from a peak of 2.2% per year in 1963.

Population growth alongside increased consumption is a driver of environmental concerns, such as biodiversity loss and climate change, due to overexploitation of natural resources for human development. Hence, population reduction is discussed as a sustainability strategy, though its potential is limited to allow free individual life choices. International policy focused on mitigating the impact of human population growth is concentrated in the Sustainable Development Goals which seeks to improve the standard of living globally while reducing the impact of society on the environment while advancing human well-being.

Years
passedYearPop.
(billions)
–18001
12719272
3319603
1419744
1319875
1219996
1220117
1120228
*12**2035**9
*20**2055**10
*35**2088**11
*World Population Prospects 2017
(United Nations Population Division)

History

World population has been rising continuously since the end of the Black Death, around the year 1350. Population began growing rapidly in the Western world during the industrial revolution. The most significant increase in the world's population has been since the 1950s, mainly due to medical advancements and increases in agricultural productivity.

Haber process

Main article: Haber process#Economic and environmental aspects

Due to its dramatic impact on the human ability to grow food, the Haber process, named after one of its inventors, the German chemist Fritz Haber, served as the "detonator of the population explosion", enabling the global population to increase from 1.6 billion in 1900 to 7.7 billion by November 2019.

Thomas McKeown hypotheses

Some of the reasons for the "Modern Rise of Population" were particularly investigated by the British health scientist Thomas McKeown (1912–1988). In his publications, McKeown challenged four theories about the population growth:

  1. McKeown stated that the growth in Western population, particularly surging in the 19th century, was not so much caused by an increase in fertility, but largely by a decline of mortality particularly of childhood mortality followed by infant mortality,
  2. The decline of mortality could largely be attributed to rising standards of living, whereby McKeown put most emphasis on improved nutritional status,
  3. McKeown questioned the effectiveness of public health measures, including sanitary reforms, vaccination and quarantine,{{Cite journal|vauthors=McKeown T, Record RG |date=1962
  4. The "McKeown thesis" states that curative medicine measures played little role in mortality decline, not only prior to the mid-20th century but also until well into the 20th century.{{Cite journal|vauthors=McKeown T, Record RG, Turner RD |date=1975 Although the McKeown thesis has been heavily disputed, recent studies have confirmed the value of his ideas. His work is pivotal for present day thinking about population growth, birth control, public health and medical care. McKeown had a major influence on many population researchers, such as health economists and Nobel prize winners Robert W. Fogel (1993) and Angus Deaton (2015). The latter considered McKeown as "the founder of social medicine".

Growth rate models

The "population growth rate" is the rate at which the number of individuals in a population increases in a given time period, expressed as a fraction of the initial population. Specifically, population growth rate refers to the change in population over a unit time period, often expressed as a percentage of the number of individuals in the population at the beginning of that period. This can be written as the formula, valid for a sufficiently small time interval:

:Population\ growth\ rate = \frac{ P(t_2) - P(t_1)} {P(t_1)(t_2-t_1)}

A positive growth rate indicates that the population is increasing, while a negative growth rate indicates that the population is decreasing. A growth ratio of zero indicates that there were the same number of individuals at the beginning and end of the period—a growth rate may be zero even when there are significant changes in the birth rates, death rates, immigration rates, and age distribution between the two times.

A related measure is the net reproduction rate. In the absence of migration, a net reproduction rate of more than 1 indicates that the population of females is increasing, while a net reproduction rate less than one (sub-replacement fertility) indicates that the population of females is decreasing.

Most populations do not grow exponentially, rather they follow a logistic model. Once the population has reached its carrying capacity, it will stabilize and the exponential curve will level off towards the carrying capacity, which is usually when a population has depleted most its natural resources. In the world human population, growth may be said to have been following a linear trend throughout the last few decades.

The logistic growth of a population

Logistic equation

The growth of a population can often be modelled by the logistic equation

:\frac{dP}{dt}=rP\left(1-\frac{P}{K}\right),

where

  • P(t) = the population after time t;
  • t = time a population grows;
  • r = the relative growth rate coefficient;
  • K = the carrying capacity of the population; defined by ecologists as the maximum population size that a particular environment can sustain.

As it is a separable differential equation, the population may be solved explicitly, producing a logistic function:

:P(t)=\frac{K}{1+Ae^{-rt}},

where A=\frac{K-P_0}{P_0} and P_0 is the initial population at time 0.

Global population growth rate

]]

World population growth rates between 1950 and 2050

The world population growth rate peaked in 1963 at 2.2% per year and subsequently declined. In 2017, the estimated annual growth rate was 1.1%. The CIA World Factbook gives the world annual birthrate, mortality rate, and growth rate as 1.86%, 0.78%, and 1.08% respectively. The last 100 years have seen a massive fourfold increase in the population, due to medical advances, lower mortality rates, and an increase in agricultural productivity made possible by the Green Revolution.

The annual increase in the number of living humans peaked at 88.0 million in 1989, then slowly declined to 73.9 million in 2003, after which it rose again to 75.2 million in 2006. In 2017, the human population increased by 83 million. Generally, developed nations have seen a decline in their growth rates in recent decades, though annual growth rates remain above 2% in some countries of the Middle East and Sub-Saharan Africa, and also in South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Latin America.

In some countries the population is declining, especially in Eastern Europe, mainly due to low fertility rates, high death rates and emigration. In Southern Africa, growth is slowing due to the high number of AIDS-related deaths. Some Western Europe countries might also experience population decline. Japan's population began decreasing in 2005.

The United Nations Population Division projects world population to reach 11.2 billion by the end of the 21st century. The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation projects that the global population will peak in 2064 at 9.73 billion and decline to 8.89 billion in 2100. A 2014 study in Science concludes that the global population will reach 11 billion by 2100, with a 70% chance of continued growth into the 22nd century. The German Foundation for World Population reported in December 2019 that the global human population grows by 2.6 people every second, and could reach 8 billion by 2023.

Growth by country

Main article: List of countries by population growth rate

The majority of world population growth today is occurring in less developed countries.

According to United Nations population statistics, the world population grew by 30%, or 1.6 billion humans, between 1990 and 2010. In number of people the increase was highest in India (350 million) and China (196 million). Population growth rate was among highest in the United Arab Emirates (315%) and Qatar (271%).

RankCountryPopulationAnnual Growth (%)199020102020 (est.)1990–20102010–2020
World5,306,425,0006,895,889,0007,503,828,1801.3%0.8%
1China China1,139,060,0001,341,335,0001,384,688,9860.8%0.3%
2India India873,785,0001,224,614,0001,333,000,0001.7%0.9%
3United States United States253,339,000310,384,000329,256,4651.0%0.6%
4Indonesia Indonesia184,346,000239,871,000262,787,4031.3%0.9%
5Brazil Brazil149,650,000194,946,000208,846,8921.3%0.7%
6Pakistan Pakistan111,845,000173,593,000207,862,5182.2%1.8%
7Nigeria Nigeria97,552,000158,423,000203,452,5052.5%2.5%
8Bangladesh Bangladesh105,256,000148,692,000159,453,0011.7%0.7%
9Russia Russia148,244,000142,958,000142,122,776−0.2%−0.1%
10Japan Japan122,251,000128,057,000126,168,1560.2%−0.1%

Many of the world's countries, including many in Sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, South Asia and South East Asia, have seen a sharp rise in population since the end of the Cold War. The fear is that high population numbers are putting further strain on natural resources, food supplies, fuel supplies, employment, housing, etc. in some of the less fortunate countries. For example, the population of Chad has ultimately grown from 6,279,921 in 1993 to 10,329,208 in 2009, further straining its resources. Vietnam, Mexico, Nigeria, Egypt, Ethiopia, and the DRC are witnessing a similar growth in population.

The following table gives some example countries or territories:

Country/territoryPopulation inLife expectancy
in years (2008)Total population
growth from 1960s
to 2007–201119671990199420022008
Eritrea Eritrea*N/A*N/A*3,437,0004,298,2695,673,520978-1-84907-013-3}}.2,236,520
Ethiopia Ethiopia*0-19-894107-2}}0-00-448038-4}}978-0-00-448879-0}} for the 1998 edition, for the 1996 edition67,673,031(2003)url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120105033054/http://www.csa.gov.et/surveys/National%20statistics/national%20statistics%202007/Population.pdfdate=5 January 2012 }}5555,764,000
Sudan Sudan14,355,000†25,204,000†27,361,000†38,114,160 (2003)†42,272,000†50†27,917,000
Chad Chad3,410,0005,679,0006,183,0009,253,493(2003)10,329,208 (2009)476,919,205
Niger Niger3,546,0007,732,0008,846,00010,790,352 (2001)15,306,252 (2009)4411,760,252
Nigeria Nigeria61,450,00088,500,000108,467,000129,934,911url=https://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2008/wpp2008_text_tables.pdftitle=World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision: Selected Tables: Annex Tablesat=Table A.1. Total Population by Sex in 2009 and Sex Ratio by Country in 2009website=United Nationsdate=2009access-date= 12 March 2009}} NB: The preliminary results of the National population census in Guinea-Bissau put the figure at 1,449,230, according to email information by the Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisa, Bissau.4796,809,000
Mali Mali4,745,0008,156,00010,462,00011,340,480url=http://instat.gov.ml/voir_actu.aspx?lactu=44title=Mali preliminary 2009 censuspublisher=Institut National de la Statistiqueaccess-date=12 January 2010archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100418055748/http://instat.gov.ml/voir_actu.aspx?lactu=44archive-date=18 April 2010 }}509,772,176
Mauritania Mauritania1,050,0002,025,0002,211,0002,667,859 (2003)3,291,000 (2009)542,241,000
Senegal Senegal3,607,0007,327,0008,102,0009,967,21513,711,597 (2009)5710,104,597
Gambia Gambia343,000861,0001,081,0001,367,124 (2000)1,705,000551,362,000
Algeria Algeria11,833,12625,012,00027,325,00032,818,500 (2003)url=https://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2010/wpp2010_text_tables.pdftitle=World Population Prospects, Table A.1website=United Nationsdate=2010access-date=12 March 2009 }}7423,061,874
DRC The DRC/Zaire16,353,00035,562,00042,552,00055,225,478 (2003)70,916,4395454,563,439
Egypt Egypt30,083,41953,153,00058,326,00070,712,345 (2003)url=http://www.msrintranet.capmas.gov.eg/pls/fdl/tst12e?action=&lname=title=Central Agency for Population Mobilisation and Statistics — Population Clock (July 2008)publisher=Msrintranet.capmas.gov.egaccess-date=25 August 2010archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100908090727/http://www.msrintranet.capmas.gov.eg/pls/fdl/tst12e?action=&lname=archive-date=8 September 2010 }}7249,006,231
Réunion Réunion
*(overseas region of France)*418,000N/AN/A720,934 (2003)827,000 (2009)N/A409,000
Falkland Islands Falkland Islands
*(British Overseas Territory)*2,500N/AN/A2,967 (2003)3,140(2010){{cite weburl = https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/falkland-islands-islas-malvinas/title = Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)work=The World Factbook
Chile Chile8,935,50013,173,00013,994,00015,116,43517,224,200 (2011)778,288,700
Colombia Colombia19,191,00032,987,00034,520,00041,088,227url=http://www.dane.gov.co/reloj/reloj_animado.phptitle=Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadísticapublisher=Dane.gov.coaccess-date=22 August 2010archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905114224/http://www.dane.gov.co/reloj/reloj_animado.phparchive-date=5 September 2015 }}7326,734,397
Brazil Brazil85,655,000150,368,000153,725,000174,468,575 (2000)190,732,694 (2010)72105,077,694
Mexico Mexico45,671,00086,154,00093,008,000103,400,165 (2000)url=http://www.inegi.org.mx/inegi/contenidos/espanol/prensa/comunicados/rpcpyv10.asptitle=INEGI 2010 Census Statisticspublisher=inegi.org.mxaccess-date=25 November 2010archive-date=8 January 2011archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110108101543/http://www.inegi.org.mx/inegi/contenidos/espanol/prensa/comunicados/rpcpyv10.aspurl-status=dead }}7666,651,757
Fiji Fiji476,727 (1966)765,000771,000844,330 (2001)849,000 (2010)70372,273
Nauru Nauru6,05010,000N/A12,329author=Central Intelligence Agencyauthor-link=Central Intelligence Agencypublisher=The World Factbooktitle=Nauruurl=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/nauru/year=2011access-date=12 February 2011}}N/A3,272
Jamaica Jamaica1,876,0002,420,0002,429,0002,695,867 (2003)url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/jamaica/title=The World Factbookdate=19 October 2021}}(2010)74971,232
Australia Australia11,540,76417,086,00017,843,00019,546,792 (2003)(2010)8210,066,508
Albania Albania1,965,500 (1964)3,250,0003,414,0003,510,484url=http://www.google.com/publicdata/explore?ds=n4ff2muj8bh2a_&ctype=l&strail=false&nselm=h&met_y=POP&hl=en&dl=en#ctype=l&strail=false&nselm=h&met_y=POP&fdim_y=scenario:1&scale_y=lin&ind_y=false&rdim=world&idim=country:AL&hl=en&dl=entitle=IFs Forecast - Version 7.00-Google Public Data Explorer}}781,021,452
Poland Poland31,944,00038,180,00038,554,00038,626,349 (2001)38,192,000 (2010)756,248,000
Hungary Hungary10,212,00010,553,00010,261,00010,106,0179,979,000 (2010)73-142,000
Bulgaria Bulgaria8,226,564 (1965)8,980,0008,443,0007,707,495(2000)7,351,234 (2011)73-875,330
United Kingdom United Kingdom55,068,000 (1966)57,411,00058,091,00058,789,19462,008,048 (2010)797,020,048
Ireland Ireland2,884,002 (1966)3,503,0003,571,0003,840,838 (2000)url=http://www.cso.ie/releasespublications/documents/population/current/popmig.pdftitle=CSO – Population and Migration Estimates April 2010date=September 2010access-date=21 September 2010archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100920101624/http://cso.ie/releasespublications/documents/population/current/popmig.pdfarchive-date=20 September 2010 }} (2010)781,586,698
China People's Republic of China720,000,0001,139,060,0001,208,841,0001,286,975,468 (2004)url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131108022004/http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/newsandcomingevents/t20110428_402722244.htmdate=8 November 2013 }}73619,724,852
Japan Japan‡98,274,961 (1965)123,537,000124,961,000127,333,002127,420,000 (2010)8228,123,865
India India#511,115,000843,931,000918,570,0001,028,610,328 (2001)url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/indiaatglance.htmltitle=Provisional Population Totals - Census 2011publisher=Indian Census Bureau 2011access-date=29 March 2011}}69699,078,422
Singapore Singapore1,956,000 (1967)3,003,000 (1990)2,930,000 (1994)4,452,732 (2002)url=http://www.singstat.gov.sg/stats/keyind.html#popnareatitle=Population (Mid Year Estimates) & Land Areadate=31 August 2010website=Statistics Singaporearchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100914024746/http://www.singstat.gov.sg/stats/keyind.htmlarchive-date=14 September 2010}}82 (2008)3,120,700
Monaco Monaco24,000 (1967)29,000 (1990)N/A (1994)31,842 (2000)35,586 (2010)(2008)11,586
Greece Greece8,716,000 (1967)10,123,000 (1990)10,426,000 (1994)publisher=National Statistical Service of Greece: Population census of 18 March 2001url=http://www.statistics.gr/gr_tables/S1101_SAP_09_TB_DC_01_01_Y.pdftitle=Πίνακας 1. Πληθυσμός κατά φύλο και ηλικίαarchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090325012639/http://www.statistics.gr/gr_tables/S1101_SAP_09_TB_DC_01_01_Y.pdfarchive-date=25 March 2009 }}url=http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&language=en&pcode=tps00001&tableSelection=1&footnotes=yes&labeling=labels&plugin=1title=Total populationpublisher=Eurostatdate=1 January 2010access-date=8 January 2010}}N/A (2008)2,589,118
Faroe Islands Faroe Islands
*(Danish dependency)*38,000 (1967)N/A (1990)N/A (1994)46,345 (2000)48,917 (2010)N/A (2008)18,917
Liechtenstein Liechtenstein20,000 (1967)29,000 (1990)N/A (1994)33,307 (2000)35,789 (2009)(2008)15,789
South Korea South Korea29,207,856 (1966)42,793,000 (1990)44,453,000 (1994)48,324,000 (2003)48,875,000 (2010)(2008)19,667,144
North Korea North Korea12,700,000 (1967)21,773,000 (1990)23,483,000 (1994)22,224,195 (2002)url = http://news.joins.com/article/686/4109686.htmlscript-title=ko:한반도 인구 7천400만명 시대 임박newspaper=Joinsdate = 1 October 2009access-date = 14 April 2010archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100417102924/http://news.joins.com/article/686/4109686.htmlarchive-date = 17 April 2010language=ko}}(2008)11,351,218
Brunei Brunei107,200 (1967)266,000 (1990)280,000 (1994)332,844 (2001)url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/brunei/title=Bruneiwebsite=CIA World Factbookyear=2011access-date=13 January 2011 }}76 (2008)306,609
Malaysia Malaysia10,671,000 (1967)17,861,000 (1990)19,489,000 (1994)21,793,293 (2002)27,565,821 (2010)(2008)16,894,821
Thailand Thailand32,680,000 (1967)57,196,000 (1990)59,396,000 (1994)60,606,947 (2000)63,878,267 (2011)(2008)31,198,267
Lebanon Lebanon2,520,000 (1967)2,701,000 (1990)2,915,000 (1994)title=Central Intelligence Agency. March 2011 estpublisher=Cia.govaccess-date=23 April 2011url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/lebanon/}} (2003)4,224,000 (2009)- (2008)
Syria Syria5,600,000 (1967)12,116,000 (1990)13,844,000 (1994)17,585,540 (2003)url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/syria/title=Central Intelligence Agency. March 2011 estpublisher=Cia.govaccess-date=23 April 2011}}-(2008)
Bahrain Bahrain182,00 (1967)503,000 (1990)549,000 (1994)667,238 (2003)title=REMARKABLE GROWTH EXPATS OUTNUMBER BAHRAINIS IN 2010 CENSUSurl=http://www.census2010.gov.bh/news/news_en26.htmlpublisher=Bahraini Census 2010access-date=14 February 2011date=28 November 2010archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110219111201/http://www.census2010.gov.bh/news/news_en26.htmlarchive-date=19 February 2011 }} (2010)75 (2008)
Sri Lanka Sri Lanka11,741,000 (1967)16,993,000 (1990)17,685,000 (1994)19,607,519 (2002)20,238,000 (2009)- (2008)
Switzerland Switzerland6,050,000 (1967)6.712,000 (1990)6,994,000 (1994)7,261,200 (2002)url=http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/themen/01/02/blank/key/bevoelkerungsstand.htmltitle=Population size and population compositionyear=2010work=Swiss Federal Statistical Officepublisher=Swiss Federal Statistical Office, Neuchâtelaccess-date=29 April 2011archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160628063919/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/themen/01/02/blank/key/bevoelkerungsstand.htmlarchive-date=28 June 2016}} (2010)- (2008)
Luxembourg Luxembourg335,000 (1967)381,000 (1990)401,000 (1994)439,539 (2001)511,840 (2011)- (2008)
Romania Romania19,105,056 (1966)23,200,000 (1990)22,736,000 (1994)21,680,974 (2002)url = http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&language=en&pcode=tps00001&tableSelection=1&footnotes=yes&labeling=labels&plugin=1title = Romania - Populationaccess-date = 26 May 2011publisher = epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu}} (2011)- (2008)
Niue Niue
*(associated state of New Zealand)*1,900 (1966)N/A (1990)N/A (1994)2,134 (2002)1,398 (2009)N/A (2008)-502
Tokelau Tokelau
*(New Zealand territory)*5,194 (1966)N/A (1990)N/A (1994)1,445 (2001)1,416 (2009)N/A (2008)-3,778
Jamaica Jamaica1,876,000 (1967)2,420,000 (1990)2,429,000 (1994)2,695,867 (2003)2,847,232 (2010)74 (2008)971,232
Argentina Argentina32,031,000 (1967)32,322,000 (1990)34,180,000 (1994)37,812,817 (2002)40,091,359 (2010)74 (2008)8,060,359
France France49,890,660 (1967)56,440,000 (1990)57,747,000 (1994)59,551,000 (2001)63,136,180 (2011)81 (2008)
Italy Italy52,334,000 (1967)57,662,000 (1990)57,193,000 (1994)56,995,744 (2002)url=http://www.istat.it/salastampa/comunicati/non_calendario/20110328_00/testointegrale20110328.pdftitle=Monthly demographic balance: January–November 2010publisher=Istatdate=28 March 2011access-date=2 April 2011language=itarchive-date=22 July 2012archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120722144056/http://www3.istat.it/salastampa/comunicati/non_calendario/20110328_00/testointegrale20110328.pdf}} (2011)80 (2008)
Mauritius Mauritius774,000 (1967)1,075,000 (1990)1,104,000 (1994)1,179,137 (2000)1,288,000 (2009)75 (2008)514,000
Guatemala Guatemala4,717,000 (1967)9,197,000 (1990)10,322,000 (1994)12,974,361 (2000)13,276,517 (2009)70 (2008)8,559,517
Cuba Cuba8,033,000 (1967)10,609,000 (1990)10,960,000 (1994)11,177,743 (2002)url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100716124826/http://www.one.cu/aec2009/esp/20080618_tabla_cuadro.htmdate=16 July 2010}}, Oficina Nacional de Estadísticas, República de Cuba. Accessed on 6 November, 2010. Note: An exchange rate of 1 CUC to 1.08 USD was used to convert GDP.[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/cuba/](https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/cuba/)77 (2008)
Barbados Barbados246,000 (1967)255,000 (1990)261,000 (1994)250,012 (2001)284,589 (2010)73 (2008)18,589
Samoa Samoa131,377 (1967)164,000 (1990)164,000 (1994)178,173 (2003)179,000 (2009)N/A (2008)
Sweden Sweden7,765,981 (1967)8,559,000 (1990)8,794,000 (1994)8,920,705 (2002)9,354,462 (2009)81 (2008)
Finland Finland4,664,000 (1967)4,986,000 (1990)5,095,000 (1994)5,175,783 (2002)5,374,781 (2010)N/A (2008)
Portugal Portugal9,440,000 (1967)10,525,000 (1990)9,830,000 (1994)10,355,824 (2001)10,647,763 (2011)N/A (2008)
Austria Austria7,323,981 (1967)7,712,000 (1990)8,031,000 (1994)8,032,926 (2001)8,404,252 (2011)N/A (2008)
Libya Libya1,738,000 (1967)4,545,000 (1990)5,225,000(1994)5,499,074 (2002)6,420,000 (2009)77 (2008)
Peru Peru12,385,000 (1967)21,550,000 (1990)23,080,000(1994)27,949,639 (2002)29,496,000 (2010)70 (2008)
Guinea Bissau Guinea Bissau528,000 (1967)965,000 (1990)1,050,000 (1994)1,345,479 (2002)1,647,000 (2009)48 (2008)
Angola Angola5,203,066 (1967)10,020,000 (1990)10,674,000 (1994)10,766,500 (2003)url=http://www.google.com/publicdata/explore?ds=n4ff2muj8bh2a_&ctype=l&strail=false&nselm=h&met_y=POP&hl=en&dl=en#ctype=l&strail=false&nselm=h&met_y=POP&fdim_y=scenario:1&scale_y=lin&ind_y=false&rdim=world&idim=country:AO&hl=en&dl=entitle=Population Forecast to 2060 by International Futures hosted by Google Public Data Exploreraccess-date=13 July 2011}} (2009)38 (2008)
Equatorial Guinea Equatorial Guinea277,000 (1967)348,000 (1990)389,000 (1994)474,214 (2000)676,000 (2009)61 (2008)
Benin Benin2,505,000 (1967)4,736,000 (1990)5,246,000 (1994)8,500,500 (2002)8,791,832 (2009)59 (2008)
Laos Laos2,770,000 (1967)4,139,000 (1990)4,742,000 (1994)5,635,967 (2002)url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2770.htmtitle=Background notes - Laospublisher=US Dept. of Stateaccess-date=20 January 2011}} (2011)56 (2008)
Nepal Nepal10,500,000 (1967)18,961,000 (1990)21,360,000 (1994)25,284,463 (2002)29,331,000 (2009)- (2008)
Iran Iran25,781,090 (1966)54,608,000 (1990)59,778,000 (1994)66,622,704 (2002)url=http://www.amar.org.ir/default.aspx?tabid=52title=Official Iranian Population clockpublisher=Amar.org.iraccess-date=13 July 2011archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722015233/http://www.amar.org.ir/default.aspx?tabid=52archive-date=22 July 2011 }}71 (2008)49,548,910
Canada Canada20,014,880 (1966)26,603,000 (1990)29,248,000(1994)31,081,900 (2001)32,623,490 (2011)81 (2008)
United States United States199,118,000 (1967)249,995,000 (1990)260,650,00(1994)281,421,906 (2000)url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-dens-text.phptitle=Resident Population Data – 2010publisher=U.S. Census Bureauaccess-date=22 December 2010year=2010archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111028061117/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-dens-text.phparchive-date=28 October 2011 }}78 (2008)
Uganda Uganda7,931,000 (1967)18,795,000 (1990)20,621,000 (1994)24,227,297 (2002)32,369,558 (2009)52 (2008)

;Notes :* Eritrea left Ethiopia in 1991. :† Split into the nations of Sudan and South Sudan during 2011. :‡ Japan and the Ryukyu Islands merged in 1972. :# India and Sikkim merged in 1975.

Population growth 1990–2012 (%)
Africa
Middle East
Asia (excl. China)
China
OECD Americas
Non-OECD Americas
OECD Europe
OECD Asia Oceania
Non-OECD Europe and Eurasia

Future population

References

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