Police village

Formation

In the early 19th century, the Parliament of Upper Canada established "boards of police" in municipalities that were not large enough to justify the creation of a municipal council.

The creation of "police villages" was authorized in 1850 upon the passage of the Baldwin Act by the Parliament of the Province of Canada, and was continued by the Legislative Assembly of Ontario in 1873. The law relating to them remained essentially unchanged until 1965, when the ability to create new police villages was abolished.

The rules governing the formation of police villages were as follows:

1. A county council, upon the petition of a sufficient number of property owners and tenants, could erect a locality into a police village, so long as it had a population of not less than 150, and an area of not more than 500 acre.
2. Where the locality straddled two or more counties, the council of the county that had the largest portion of the locality was the one that could establish the police village.
3. If the area was less than 500 acre, the council could later increase the size up to that limit.
4. If the population later exceeded 500, upon the petition of two thirds of the owners and tenants, the area could be increased beyond that limit at the rate of 20 acre per 100 in population.
5. If an expansion of a police village involved an extension into another county, it could not occur without the consent of the other county council.
6. After the Ontario Municipal Board was established, such erections and expansions could not occur without its approval, and it also had direct power to erect and expand police villages if a county council has failed to act on a petition and if the locality was within one of the provisional judicial districts.

Almost all of the communities that once held that status have since been erected into villages, towns, or cities or amalgamated into other municipalities. Russell still exists as such a body.

Police villages were dissolved with provincial acts creating new municipalities. In 1971, the creation of York Region resulted in the dissolution of Holland Landing, King City, Maple, Mount Albert, Nobleton, Queensville, Schomberg, Sharon, Thornhill, and Unionville as police villages. The responsibilities of the police village boards were shifted to other boards or the municipality to which the police village was amalgamated. For example, the trustees of the police village of King City were deemed a commission for the King City Hydro-Electric System, which became a local board of the township of King with full transfer of all rights and obligations.

Benefits of police village status

Police village status allowed a community to establish its own council to direct spending on local priorities, such as roadways, sidewalks, drainage, lighting, sanitation, fire protection, and policing.

Police villages

References

References

1. as in the case of [[Brockville, Ontario. Brockville]]: {{Cite canlaw. (1832)
2. {{Cite canlaw. (1849)
3. {{Cite canlaw. (1873)
4. {{Cite canlaw. (1965)
5. {{Cite canlaw. (1960)
6. "2014 Municipal Elections - Official Results". [[Russell, Ontario.
7. {{Cite canlaw. (1970)
8. {{Cite canlaw. (1970)
9. Marton, Michael-Allan. (April 13, 2010). "Burford businessman worked to improve community". [[Brantford Expositor]].
10. {{Cite canlaw. (1980)
11. Ibbotson, Heather. (October 4, 2014). "Flashback Oct. 4". [[Brantford Expositor]].
12. {{Cite canlaw. (1973)
13. {{Cite canlaw. (1948)
14. . ["Summary of the Municipal History of the County of Essex (1792 - 1923)"](https://www.countyofessex.on.ca/en/government/Summary-of-the-Municipal-History-of-the-County.asp). *County of Essex*.
15. {{Cite canlaw. (1973)
16. as acknowledged in {{Cite canlaw. (1929)
17. {{Cite canlaw. (1973)
18. withdrawn from Halton under {{Cite canlaw. (1973)
19. . (February 26, 2000). ["Order of the Commission made under the Municipal Act: Town of Clinton, Township of Goderich, Township of Hullett"](https://files.ontario.ca/books/2000-02-26_133-9_0.pdf). *Ontario Gazette*.
20. . (February 26, 2000). ["Order of the Commission made under the Municipal Act: Township of Stephen, Town of Exeter, Township of Usborne, County of Huron"](https://files.ontario.ca/books/2000-02-26_133-9_0.pdf). *Ontario Gazette*.
21. . (July 15, 2000). ["Order of the Commission made under the Municipal Act: United Counties of Leeds and Grenville"](https://files.ontario.ca/books/2000-07-01_133-27_1.pdf). *Ontario Gazette*.
22. . (February 26, 2000). ["Order of the Commission made under the Municipal Act: Village of Cardinal, Township of Edwardsburgh"](https://files.ontario.ca/books/2000-02-26_133-9_0.pdf). *Ontario Gazette*.
23. {{Cite canlaw. (1968-69)
24. . ["Districts and Sub-districts: Census of Canada, 1921, Ontario"](https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/census/1921/Pages/ontario.aspx). *[[Library and Archives Canada]]*.
25. {{Cite canlaw. (1973)
26. . (June 15, 1967). ["Will Dissolve Village Status"](https://news.ourontario.ca/101171/page/392525). *Stouffville Tribune*.
27. {{Cite canlaw. (1974)
28. noted in {{Cite canlaw. (1871-72)
29. {{Cite canlaw. (1973)
30. "Caledon".
31. {{Cite canlaw. (1993)
32. . ["Districts and Sub-districts: Census of Canada, 1911, Ontario"](https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/census/1911/Pages/ontario.aspx). *[[Library and Archives Canada]]*.
33. . (July 2014). ["Police Villages"](https://www.kinmount.ca/media/july_2014_For_web.pdf). *Kinmount Gazette*.
34. . (May 6, 2000). ["Order of the Commission made under the Municipal Act: County of Victoria"](https://files.ontario.ca/books/2000-05-06_133-19_0.pdf). *Ontario Gazette*.
35. . (July 1, 2000). ["Order of the Commission made under the Municipal Act: County of Victoria"](https://files.ontario.ca/books/2000-07-01_133-27_1.pdf). *Ontario Gazette*.
36. {{Cite canlaw. (1972)
37. as acknowledged in {{Cite canlaw. (1918)
38. {{Cite canlaw. (1973)
39. (1932). "Canadian Engineer". Monetary Times Print Company.
40. McClure Gillham, Elizabeth. (1975). "Early settlements of King Township, Ontario". E. G. Gillham.
41. {{Cite canlaw. (1916). (1924)
42. (1928). "Schomberg and its school (S.S. No. 14, King)". [[Ryerson Press]].