From Surf Wiki (app.surf) — the open knowledge base

Phenylalanine racemase (ATP-hydrolysing)

Field	Value
Name	Phenylalanine racemase (ATP-hydrolysing)
EC_number	5.1.1.11
CAS_number	37290-95-2
image	1amu.png
caption	Phenylalanine Racemase(ATP Hydrolysing), image from Protein Data Bank

The enzyme phenylalanine racemase (, phenylalanine racemase, phenylalanine racemase (adenosine triphosphate-hydrolysing), gramicidin S synthetase I) is the enzyme that acts on amino acids and derivatives. It activates both the L & D stereo isomers of phenylalanine to form L-phenylalanyl adenylate and D-phenylalanyl adenylate, which are bound to the enzyme. These bound compounds are then transferred to the thiol group of the enzyme followed by conversion of its configuration, the D-isomer being the more favorable configuration of the two, with a 7 to 3 ratio between the two isomers. The racemisation reaction of phenylalanine is coupled with the highly favorable hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and pyrophosphate (PP), thermodynamically allowing it to proceed. This reaction is then drawn forward by further hydrolyzing PP to inorganic phosphate (Pi), via Le Chatelier's principle.

Other names

phenylalanine racemase
phenylalanine racemase (adenosine triphosphate-hydrolysing)
gramicidin S synthetase I

Pathway

Phenylalanine Metabolism

Substrate

L – Phenylalanine

Product

D - Phenylalanine

Cofactor

Pyridoxal-phosphate (active form of vitamin B6)

Links to disease

Problems in the digestion of phenylalanine (phe) to tyrosine (tyr) lead to the buildup of both phe and phenylpyruvate, in a disease called Phenylketonuria (PKU). These two compounds build up in the blood stream and cerebral spinal fluid, which can lead to mental retardation if left untreated. Treatment consists of a restricted diet of foods that contain phe or compounds that can breakdown into phe. Children in the US are routinely tested for this at birth. For more information see the Phenylketonuria page or the link below.

Quick facts

pH Range = 7.2 – 8.6
Equilibrium Ratio: L-Phe:D-Phe = 3:7
Specific Activity: 0.019

The reaction

|reaction_direction_(forward/reversible/reverse)=forward |minor_forward_substrate(s)=ATP |minor_forward_product(s)=AMP+PP |minor_reverse_substrate(s)= |minor_reverse_product(s)= |}

References

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

metabolism ec-5.1.1

Want to explore this topic further?

Ask Mako anything about Phenylalanine racemase (ATP-hydrolysing) — get instant answers, deeper analysis, and related topics.

Research with Mako

Free with your Surf account

Content sourced from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This content may have been generated or modified by AI. CloudSurf Software LLC is not responsible for the accuracy, completeness, or reliability of AI-generated content. Always verify important information from primary sources.

Report