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Pheniprazine
Chemical compound
Chemical compound
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Pheniprazine, formerly sold under the brand names Catron and Cavodil, is an irreversible and non-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine group that was used as an antidepressant to treat depression in the 1960s. It was also used in the treatment of angina pectoris and schizophrenia. Pheniprazine has been largely discontinued due to toxicity concerns such as jaundice, amblyopia, and optic neuritis.
Pharmacology
Pheniprazine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI).
Amphetamine has been detected as an active metabolite of pheniprazine in animals. Pheniprazine produces amphetamine- and psychostimulant-like effects at high doses in animals. The same is true of certain other MAOIs, including iproniazid, phenelzine, tranylcypromine, and pargyline, but not nialamide.
Chemistry
Pheniprazine, also known as α-methylphenethylhydrazine, is a phenethylamine, amphetamine, and hydrazine derivative.
It is a close analogue of phenelzine (phenethylhydrazine) and amphetamine (α-methylphenethylamine) and can also be referred to by synonyms including amphetamine hydrazide, α-methylphenelzine, and N-aminoamphetamine.
Metfendrazine (α,N-dimethylphenethylhydrazine; N-methylpheniprazine) is the corresponding methamphetamine (N-methylamphetamine) analogue.
Society and culture
Names
Pheniprazine is the generic name of the drug and its and . It is also known by the former developmental code name JB-516.
References
References
- Anvisa. (2023-03-31). "RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial". [[Diário Oficial da União]].
- (February 1962). "Effect of drugs on the noradrenaline content of brain and peripheral tissues and its significance". Br J Pharmacol Chemother.
- Elks, J.. (2014). "The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies". Springer US.
- (November 1962). "A controlled trial of cavodil (pheniprazine) in depression". The Journal of Mental Science.
- (April 1986). "Inhibition of monoamine oxidase in monoaminergic neurones in the rat brain by irreversible inhibitors". Biochemical Pharmacology.
- (July 1962). "Studies on Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors. I. The Autoxidation of β-Phenylisopropylhydrazine as a Model Reaction for Irreversible Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition". Journal of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry.
- (March 1961). "Clinical evaluation of pheniprazine in angina pectoris". British Medical Journal.
- (September 1962). "[beta-Phenylisoprophlhydrazine (Catran) in schizophrenia]". Nordisk Medicin.
- (December 1961). "Fatal jaundice after administration of pheniprazine". British Medical Journal.
- (1962). "Toxic amblyopia during antidepressant treatment with pheniprazine (Catran)". Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica.
- (January 1963). "[Optic neuritis after treatment with Catran]". Ugeskrift for Laeger.
- (1989). "Metabolism of monoamine oxidase inhibitors". Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry.
- (1977). "Review of the pharmacology of existing antidepressants". British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.
- (2006). "Modification of Monoaminergic Activity by MAO Inhibitors Influences Methamphetamine Actions". Drug Target Insights.
- (June 2001). "Inhibition of MAO-A activity enhances behavioural activity of rats assessed using water maze and open arena tasks". Pharmacology & Toxicology.
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