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Peroxymonosulfuric acid

Powerful oxidizing agent

Powerful oxidizing agent

Sulfuroperoxoic acid Peroxomonosulfuric acid

Persulfuric acid Caro's acid Peroxymonosulfuric acid, also known as persulfuric acid, peroxysulfuric acid is the inorganic compound with the formula . It is a white solid. It is a component of Caro's acid, which is a solution of peroxymonosulfuric acid in sulfuric acid containing small amounts of water. Peroxymonosulfuric acid is a very strong oxidant (E0 = +2.51 V).

Structure

In peroxymonosulfuric acid, the S(VI) center adopts its characteristic tetrahedral geometry; the connectivity is indicated by the formula HO–O–S(O)2–OH. The S-O-H proton is more acidic.

History

The German chemist Heinrich Caro first reported investigations of mixtures of hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid.

Synthesis and production

One laboratory scale preparation of Caro's acid involves the combination of chlorosulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide:

:

Patents include more than one reaction for preparation of Caro's acid, usually as an intermediate for the production of potassium monopersulfate (PMPS), a bleaching and oxidizing agent. One route employs the following reaction:

: This reaction occurs in the piranha solution.

Uses in industry

and Caro's acid have been used for a variety of disinfectant and cleaning applications, e.g., swimming pool treatment and denture cleaning. It is used in gold mining to destroy the cyanide in the waste stream (tailings).

Alkali metal salts of , especially oxone, are widely investigated.

Hazards

These peroxy acids can be explosive. Explosions have been reported at Brown University and Sun Oil. As with all strong oxidizing agents, peroxysulfuric acid is incompatible with organic compounds.

References

References

  1. {{RedBookRef
  2. (20 November 2007). "Peroxysulfuric acid (CHEBI:29286)". European Bioinformatics Institute.
  3. (1982). "Ionisation Constants of Inorganic Acids and Bases in Aqueous Solution". Pergamon.
  4. (2007). "Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry". Wiley-VCH.
  5. Caro, H.. (1898). "Zur Kenntniss der Oxydation aromatischer Amine". [[Angewandte Chemie.
  6. Brauer, G.. (1965). "Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry". Academic Press.
  7. (November 2025). "A method and apparatus for producing a peroxyacid solution".
  8. O'Brein, Sean C.. (1996). "The chemistry of the semiconductor industry". Chemical Society Reviews.
  9. "Peroxymonosulfate-Based Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation: Complication by Oxygen Reduction Reaction". Environmental Science & Technology.
  10. (1955). "Safety". [[Chem. Eng. News]].
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hydrogen-compounds sulfur-oxoacids liquid-explosives persulfates peroxy-acids explosive-chemicals
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