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Penem

Class of antibiotics

Penem

Class of antibiotics

A penem is a type of β-lactam with an unsaturated five-member heterocycle containing a sulfur atom in a pentacyclic ring fused to the β-lactam ring. Penems do not occur naturally; all are synthetic.{{cite journal|journal=Antimicrobic Newsletter|title= The carbapenems and Penem Antibiotics—a brief review|author=Richard Wise|volume=7|issue= 10|year=1990|pages=73–78| doi=10.1016/0738-1751(90)90045-E}} Related to penems are carbapenems, which have a carbon atom in place of the sulfur atom.

An example is faropenem.

Structure

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Penem molecules do not occur naturally, and production of penems is an entirely synthetic process.

Five main penem subgroups — thiopenems, oxypenems, aminopenems, alkylpenems, and arylpenems — have been produced and are distinguished by the side chain (at position 2) of the unsaturated five-membered ring. One structurally distinct penem is BRL 42715. This molecule has no substitution at the above position, but has a bulky group attached to the β-lactam ring, and it displays effective inhibition of class C β-lactamases, but no antimicrobial activity.

One possible consequence of these structural differences of penems from other β-lactams may be reduced immunogenicity and immunogenic cross-reactivity.

References

References

  1. "Medscape.com".
  2. (March 2003). "Faropenem, a new oral penem: antibacterial activity against selected anaerobic and fastidious periodontal isolates". [[Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy]].
  3. (2007). "Faropenem: Review of a new oral penem". Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy.
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