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One-party state

State where only one party may form a government

Note

one-party political states

A one-party state, single-party state, one-party system or single-party system is a governance structure in which only a single political party controls the ruling system. In a one-party state, all opposition parties are either outlawed or have limited and controlled participation in elections. The expression "de facto one-party" is sometimes used to describe a dominant-party system that, unlike a one-party state, allows (at least nominally) multiparty elections, but the existing practices or balance of political power effectively prevent the opposition from winning power.

Membership in the ruling party tends to be relatively small compared to the population. Rather, they give out private goods to fellow elites to ensure continued support. One-party, compared to dominant-party dictatorships, structure themselves unlike democracies. They also turn into multi-party democracies at a lower rate than dominant-party dictatorships. While one-party states prohibit opposition parties, some allow for independent candidates to stand for election in competition with party candidates. Therefore, they place elites and sympathetic candidates in key administrative races. For example, the Chinese Communist Party exercises political control by infiltrating village administrations. They view these positions as crucial for gathering information on the population and maintaining a presence in the far reaches of their borders.

One-party states recognize the trade-off between election victory and gathering valuable data. To account for this, the governments have been observed placing local nobility in easy-to-win races. One-party states have also been observed using elections to ensure that only the most popular elites get chosen to office. They also gather data from elections to indicate if a local official is performing poorly in the eyes of the residents. This gives locals the opportunity to monitor local officials and communicate satisfaction with the local government. Throughout the country, members of the one party hold key political positions. In doing so, the party avoids committing outright fraud and rather sustains their power at the local level with strategic appointment of elites. Data on one-party governments can be difficult to gather given their lack of transparency.

Current one-party states

The following countries are legally constituted as one-party states:

Country	Head of party	Leader title	Party	Ideology	Date of establishment	Duration
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China	[[File:Xi Jinping 2025 (cropped).jpg	100px	center]] Xi Jinping	General Secretary		Socialism with Chinese characteristics
Marxism-Leninism	1 October 1949		Article 1 of the Constitution: "Leadership by the Communist Party of China is the defining feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics."	Eight minor parties have legal status as part of the "united front" system, but their leadership is determined by the Chinese Communist Party's United Front Work Department
Flag of Cuba.svg Cuba	[[File:24.01.2023 - Encontro com o Presidente da República de Cuba, Miguel Díaz-Canel - 52647526820 (cropped).jpg	100px	center]] Miguel Díaz-Canel	First Secretary	Flag of the Communist Party of Cuba.svg Communist Party of Cuba	Marxism–Leninism
Castroism
Guevarism
Left-wing nationalism	3 October 1965		Article 5 of the Constitution: "The Communist Party of Cuba, unique, Martiano, Fidelista, and Marxist-Leninist, the organized vanguard of the Cuban nation, sustained in its democratic character as well as its permanent linkage to the people, is the superior driving force of the society and the State."
Flag of Eritrea.svg Eritrea	[[File:Isaias Afwerki 2024 (cropped).jpg	100px	center]] Isaias Afwerki	Chairperson	Flag of the EPLF.svg People's Front for Democracy and Justice	Eritrean nationalism
Statism
Left-wing nationalism	16 February 1994
Flag of Laos.svg Laos	[[File:Thongloun Sisoulith (cropped, 2024) 01.jpg	100px	center]] Thongloun Sisoulith	General Secretary	Flag of LPRP.svg Lao People's Revolutionary Party	Kaysone Phomvihane Thought
Marxism-Leninism	2 December 1975		Article 3 of the Constitution: "The rights of the multi-ethnic people to be the masters of the country are exercised and ensured through the functioning of the political system with the Lao People's Revolutionary Party as its leading nucleus."
Flag of North Korea.svg North Korea	[[File:Kim Jong-un and Vladimir Putin (2023-09-13) 12 (cropped).jpg	100px	center]] Kim Jong Un	General Secretary	Flag of the Workers' Party of Korea.svg Workers' Party of Korea	Kimilsungism–Kimjongilism
Juche	9 September 1948		Article 11 of the Constitution: "The Democratic People's Republic of Korea shall conduct all activities under the leadership of the Workers' Party of Korea."	Two minor parties are legally recognised, but are under the control of the Workers' Party of Korea
Flag of Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic	[[File:Brahim Ghali 2.jpeg	100px	center]] Brahim Ghali	Secretary General	Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg Polisario Front	Sahrawi nationalism
Arab socialism	27 February 1976		Article 32 of the Constitution: "Until the complete recovery of national sovereignty, the Frente POLISARIO shall be the political framework that shall unite and mobilise politically the Sahrawis to express their aspirations and legitimate rights to self-determination and independence and to defend their national unity and complete the building of their independent Sahrawi State."	State with limited recognition, headquartered in Algeria
Flag of Vietnam.svg Vietnam	[[File:Keir Starmer meets Tô Lâm 29-10-2025 (6) (cropped).jpg	100px	center]] Tô Lâm	General Secretary	Flag of the Communist Party of Vietnam.svg Communist Party of Vietnam	Ho Chi Minh Thought
Marxism-Leninism	2 September 1945		Article 4 of the Constitution: " Communist Party of Vietnam - the Vanguard of the working class, concurrently the vanguard of the labouring people and Vietnamese nation, faithfully representing the interests of the working class, labouring people and entire nation, and acting upon the Marxist-Leninist doctrine and Ho Chi Minh Thought, is the force leading the State and society."	Two minor parties, the Democratic Party of Vietnam and Socialist Party of Vietnam, had legal status within the Vietnam Fatherland Front until 1988.

''De facto'' one-party states

A de facto one-party system is one that, while not officially linking a single political party to governmental power, utilizes some means of political manipulation to ensure only one party stays in power. Many different countries have been claimed to be de facto one-party states, with differing levels of agreement between scholars, although most agree that the African continent is marked by this political system. Below are just a few examples of governments that have been claimed to have single party rule due to political manipulation.

Country	Party	Date of establishment	Information
Azerbaijan	New Azerbaijan Party	2010	Although Azerbaijan is officially a constitutional democracy, and opposition parties remain active within the country, the New Azerbaijan Party and the ruling Aliyev family have maintained power uninterrupted since 1993. Founded by Heydar Aliyev, the former head of state of the Azerbaijan SSR, his son Ilham Aliyev has maintained the presidential position since 2003. Aliyev amended the Constitution to remove term limits in 2009, and while presidential elections are held, Aliyev consistently receives over 80% of the vote. Legislatively, the National Assembly has nominal powers under the Azerbaijan Constitution, but in practice power is heavily concentrated in the ruling party. Between 1993 and 2010, major opposition parties were allowed some representation in the Assembly in each election. However, since 2010, no opposition parties have held seats in the Assembly. There are nominal opposition parties and independents but they are supportive of the Aliyev regime. Consequently, parliamentary elections are not considered free or fair.
Cambodia	Cambodian People's Party	2017	While Cambodia is constitutionally a multi-party state, the Cambodian People's Party dominates its political system, and the party dissolved its main opposition party in 2017, making Cambodia a de facto one-party state.
Cameroon	Cameroon People's Democratic Movement	1997	Although multiparty elections have been held since 1992 and other parties have minimal legislative seats, the Cameroon People's Democratic Movement (RDPC), the ruling party since independence, has always retained control of the National Assembly. The Cameroonian political system invests overwhelming power in the hands of the President of the Republic, Paul Biya, and the RDPC exists essentially to support Biya and his policies. The RDPC has held supermajorities in the National Assembly since 2002, and in the Senate since its formation in 2013.
Equatorial Guinea	Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea	2013	Equatorial Guinea, historically a one party-state under the PDGE from 1987–1992, has one nominal opposition party with the Convergence for Social Democracy. However, the opposition held at most 2 seats in the Chamber of Deputies between 1999, and [2013](2013-equatorial-guinean-parliamentary-election), and has held no seats in either the Chamber of Deputies or the Senate since 2013. The PDGE, by comparison, has held all seats in the Senate since 2013 and in the Chamber of Deputies since [2022](2022-equatorial-guinean-general-election) (CPDS did not run any candidates in 2017).
Nicaragua	Sandinista National Liberation Front	2021	Although Nicaragua has been practicing multiparty elections since 1990, the country has become a de facto one-party state with Sandinista National Liberation Front as the sole dominating party and was consolidated after the [2021 Nicaraguan general election](2021-nicaraguan-general-election).
Russia	United Russia	2009	As of 2009, United Russia won a majority of seats in almost every Russian municipality. Opposition candidates stated they were hindered from campaigning for the elections, and some were denied places on the ballot. There were allegations of widespread ballot stuffing and voter intimidation, as well as statistical analysis results supporting these accusations.
Rwanda	Rwandan Patriotic Front	1994	Although Rwanda nominally allows for multiparty elections, they are manipulated in various ways, including bans on opposition parties, arrests or assassinations of critics, and electoral fraud.
Togo	Union for the Republic	2024	The official continuation of the Rally of the Togolese People, which ruled Togo as a one-party state under Gnassingbe Eyadema from 1967–1994, the Union for the Republic, has maintained power under Eyadema's son, Faure Gnassingbe, since its establishment in 2012. Although opposition parties exist within the country and other parties nominally hold seats in the National Assembly, the Union for the Republic has maintained an absolute majority since 2018 due to opposition boycotts while other represented parties only expedite the ruling party's legislation. This is demonstrated by the legislature's extension of Gnassingbe's term limit in 2019, extending it to 2030. With the [2024 Togolese parliamentary election](2024-togolese-parliamentary-election), the UPLR received 108 seats out of 113, while also enabling Gnassingbe's revision of the Constitution switch from a semi-presidential system to a parliamentary one. With the parliamentary supermajority enabling Gnassingbe to become prime minister, the lack of term limits for the prime ministerial position, and the transformation of the presidency into a ceremonial figurehead, the party solidified Gnassingbe to rule for life like his father previously.
Venezuela	United Socialist Party of Venezuela	2017	Since 2014, the country has been going through a period of crisis of legitimacy and exceptionality due to the order to close the National Assembly and the convocation of a [Constituent Assembly](2017-constituent-national-assembly-of-venezuela) by Nicolás Maduro on May 1, 2017, composed mostly of PSUV politicians. Since then, different laws have been approved to restrict political participation, including informal persecution and the disqualification of certain politicians (including complaints of electoral fraud), concluding in 2024, at which point, because of new laws, the majority of opposition politicians have been disqualified and their organizations banned, leaving only a controlled opposition.
Uganda	National Resistance Movement	1986	Since assuming office in 1986 at the end of the Ugandan civil war, Yoweri Museveni has ruled Uganda as a dictator. Political parties were banned from 1986 to 2006 in the wake of the [2005 Ugandan multi-party referendum](2005-ugandan-multi-party-referendum) which was won by pro-democracy forces. Since 2006, Museveni has used legal means, patronage, and violence to maintain power.

Former one-party states

Country	Party	Ideology	Date of establishment	Date of dissolution	Duration	Continent
Flag_of_Afghanistan_(1974–1978).svg Republic of Afghanistan	National Revolutionary Party	Pashtun nationalism
Pashtunization
Republicanism
Secularism				Asia
Flag of Afghanistan (1978-1980).svg Democratic Republic of Afghanistan	Flag of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan.svg People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan-Khalq	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Stalinism
Pashtun nationalism
Anti-imperialism				Asia
Flag of Afghanistan (1980-1987).svgFlag_of_Afghanistan_(1987–1992).svg Democratic Republic of Afghanistan/Republic of Afghanistan	Flag of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan.svg People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan-Parcham (National Fatherland Front)	Communism (until 1990)
Marxism–Leninism (until 1990)
Afghan nationalism
Anti-imperialism				Asia
Flag of Albania (1939–1943).svg Albanian Kingdom	Flag of Albania (1939–1943).svg Albanian Fascist Party	Albanian nationalism
Greater Albania
Fascism
Italophilia
Serbophobia
Hellenophobia				Europe
Flag of Albania (1939–1943).svg Albanian Kingdom	Guard of Greater Albania	Albanian nationalism
Fascism				Europe
Flag of Albania (1943–1944).svg Albanian Kingdom	National Front	Albanian nationalism
Greater Albania
Anti-communism
Republicanism
Big tent
Agrarian socialism				Europe
Flag of Albania (1944-1946).svgFlag of Albania (1946-1992).svg Democratic Government of Albania	Flag of Party of Labour of Albania.svg Party of Labour of Albania (National Liberation Movement)	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Hoxhaism
Anti-revisionism
Albanian nationalism
State atheism				Europe
Flag of Albania (1944-1946).svgFlag of Albania (1946-1992).svg Democratic Government of Albania	Flag of Party of Labour of Albania.svg Party of Labour of Albania (Democratic Front)				Europe
Flag of Albania (1946-1992).svg Albania				Europe
Algeria	Variant flag of the GPRA (1958-1962).svg National Liberation Front	Arab socialism
Algerian nationalism
Pan-Arabism
Anti-imperialism				Africa
Angola People's Republic of Angola	Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola (bandeira).svg People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola	Communism
Left-wing nationalism
Marxism–Leninism				Africa
Flag of SSRA.svg Armenia	Communist Party of Armenia	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Asia
Flag of Transcaucasian SFSR (1925-1936).svg Transcaucasia	Communist Party of Armenia	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Asia
Flag of Austria.svg Federal State of Austria	Flag of the Fatherland Front of Austria.svg Fatherland Front	Clerical fascism				Europe
Flag of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic (1920).svgFlag of Azerbaijan SSR (1920-1921).svgFlag of Azerbaijan SSR (1921-1922).svg Azerbaijan	Azerbaijan Communist Party	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Asia
Flag of Transcaucasian SFSR (1925-1936).svg Transcaucasia	Azerbaijan Communist Party	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Asia
Bangladesh	Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League	Mujibism
Bengali nationalism				Asia
Bangladesh	Jatiya Party	Bangladeshi nationalism
Conservatism
Authoritarianism
Militarism				Asia
Flag of Benin.svg Dahomey	Dahomeyan Democratic Party	African nationalism					Africa
Benin Benin	Flag of PRPB.svg People's Revolutionary Party of Benin	Communism
Marxism–Leninism (nominally)				Africa
Flag of Bohmen und Mahren.svg Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia	National Partnership	Collaborationism, Nazism				Europe
Flag of Bulgaria (1946-1948).svgFlag of Bulgaria (1948-1967).svgFlag of Bulgaria (1967-1971).svgFlag of Bulgaria (1971 – 1990).svg Bulgaria	FlagBKP.svg Bulgarian Communist Party (Fatherland Front)	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Europe
Flag of Burma 1943.svg State of Burma	Dobama Sinyetha Asi Ayon					Asia
Flag of Burma 1943.svg State of Burma	Maha Bama Asi Ayon					Asia
Burma Burma	Burma Socialist Programme Party flag.svg Burma Socialist Programme Party	Burmese Way to Socialism				Asia
Flag of Burundi (1967–1982).svgFlag of Burundi.svg Republic of Burundi	Flag of the UPRONA.svg Union for National Progress	Burundian nationalism
Tutsi interests				Africa
Flag of Byelorussian SSR (1919-1927).svg Byelorussia	Communist Party of Byelorussia	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Europe
Cambodia (Sangkum era)	Sangkum	Khmer nationalism
National conservatism
Royalism
Statism
Buddhist socialism
Economic nationalism				Asia
Flag of the People's Republic of Kampuchea.svgFlag of the State of Cambodia.svg Kampuchea	Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party	Communism
Socialism
Marxism–Leninism
Revisionism
Left-wing nationalism				Asia
Flag of Cameroon (1961-1975).svgFlag of Cameroon.svg Republic of Cameroon	Cameroonian National Union	Big tent				Africa
Cameroon	Cameroon People's Democratic Movement	Big tent
Nationalism
Francophilia	1975	1990		Africa
Cape Verde	Flag of PAIGC.svg African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde	Communism
Marxism–Leninism				Africa
Cape Verde	Flag of PAICV.svg African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde	Communism
Marxism–Leninism				Africa
Flag of Ukraine.svg Carpatho-Ukraine		Nationalism				Europe
Central African Republic	Movement for the Social Evolution of Black Africa	African nationalism
Anti-colonialism
Progressivism
Anti-imperialism	1962	1980		Africa
Central African Republic	Central African Democratic Union	African nationalism
Republicanism				Africa
Central African Republic	Central African Democratic Rally	African nationalism
Democratic socialism
Social democracy
Republicanism				Africa
Flag of Chad.svg Chad	Chadian Progressive Party	African nationalism
Pan-Africanism
Anti-imperialism
African socialism
Federalism				Africa
Chad	National Movement for the Cultural and Social Revolution	African nationalism
Pan-Africanism
Anti-imperialism
African socialism
Federalism				Africa
Chad	National Union for Independence and Revolution	Nationalism				Africa
Guangzhou	Chinese Communist Party	Marxism–Leninism
Mao Zedong Thought
Chinese communism	1927	1927		Asia
Hunan	Chinese Communist Party	Marxism–Leninism
Mao Zedong Thought
Chinese communism	1927	1927		Asia
Jinggang	Chinese Communist Party	Marxism–Leninism
Mao Zedong Thought
Chinese communism	1927	1928		Asia
Southwest Jiangxi	Chinese Communist Party	Marxism–Leninism
Mao Zedong Thought
Chinese communism	1930	1931		Asia
National Flag of Chinese Soviet Republic.svg Chinese Soviet Republic	Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg Chinese Communist Party	Marxism–Leninism
Mao Zedong Thought
Chinese communism				Asia
Flag of the People's Anti-Imperialist Association.svg Xinjiang	People's Anti-Imperialist Association	Six Great Policies				Asia
Republic of China (1912-1949)/Taiwan	Naval Jack of the Republic of China.svg Kuomintang	Tridemism				Asia
Yan'an	Chinese Communist Party	Marxism–Leninism
Mao Zedong Thought
Chinese communism	1937	1949		Asia
Comoros	Comorian Union for Progress	Nationalism	1982	1990		Africa
Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svgCongo-Brazzaville People's Republic of the Congo	Congolese Party of Labour	Communism, Marxism–Leninism				Africa
State Flag of Costa Rica (1906-1964).svg Tinoquista Costa Rica	Peliquista Party	Nationalism
Personalism
Authoritarianism				North America
Czechoslovak Socialist Republic Czechoslovakia	Flag of the KSC.svg Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (National Front)	Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism
Husakism				Europe
Flag of Benin.svg Dahomey	Dahomeyan Unity Party	African nationalism
Republicanism				Africa
Flag of the Free City of Danzig.svg Danzig	Flag of the NSDAP (1920–1945).svg Nazi Party	Nazism				Europe
Djibouti	People's Rally for Progress	Issa interests				Africa
Dominican Republic Dominican Republic	Dominican Party	Trujillism
National conservatism
Right-wing populism
Antihaitianismo				North America
East GermanyEast Germany East Germany	Flagge der SED.svg Socialist Unity Party of Germany (Democratic Bloc)	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Europe
Flagge der SED.svg Socialist Unity Party of Germany (National Front of the German Democratic Republic)	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Europe
Egypt	Liberation Rally	Egyptian nationalism
Pan-Arabism
Socialism		1957		Africa
National Union	Nasserism
Pan-Arabism
Socialism	1957	1962		Africa
Arab Socialist Union	Arab nationalism
Arab socialism
Pan-Arabism
Nasserism	1961	1976		Africa
El Salvador El Salvador	Propatria.png National Pro Patria Party	Fascism
Anti-communism
Conservatism
Agrarian oligarchy	1933	1944		Central America
Equatorial Guinea	United National Workers' Party	African nationalism
Personalism
Anti-imperialism
Anti-colonialism
Anti-racism
Pan-Africanism
Anti-intellectualism
Totalitarianism				Africa
Equatorial Guinea	Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea	African nationalism
Militarism				Africa
Eritrea	Flag of the EPLF.svg Eritrean People's Liberation Front	Left-wing nationalism	1991 (Provisional government)			Africa
Flag of Estonia.svg Estonia	Patriotic League (National Front for the Implementation of the Constitution)	Estonian nationalism
Personalism				Europe
Flag of Estonian SSR (1940-1953).svg Estonia	Communist Party of Estonia	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Europe
Flag of Ethiopia (1975–1987) (02).svg Ethiopia	Commission for Organizing the Party of the Working People of Ethiopia	Communism
Marxism–Leninism				Africa
Flag of Ethiopia (1987–1991).svg Ethiopia	Workers' Party of Ethiopia flag (variant).png Workers' Party of Ethiopia	Communism
Marxism–Leninism				Africa
Gabon	Gabonese Democratic Party	Conservatism				Africa
Flag of Georgian SSR (1921-1922).svg Georgia	Communist Party of Georgia	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Asia
Flag of Transcaucasian SFSR (1925-1936).svg Transcaucasia	Communist Party of Georgia	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Asia
Flag of the German Reich (1935–1945).svg Nazi Germany	Flag of the NSDAP (1920–1945).svg National Socialist German Workers' Party	Nazism				Europe
Flag of the German Reich (1935–1945).svg Reich Commissariat for the Occupied Dutch Territories	Flag of National Socialist Movement.svg National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands	Collaborationism, Dutch irredentism, Dutch nationalism and Nazism				Europe
Ghana	Convention People's Party	Nkrumaism
African socialism
African nationalism
Pan-Africanism				Africa
Grenada Grenada	New Jewel Movement	Communism
Marxism–Leninism				North America
Guatemala Guatemala	Progressive Liberal Party	Ubicoism
Liberalism
Nationalism
Anti-communism	1931	1944		Central America
Guatemala Guatemala	MLN Logo.svgNational Liberation Movement	Neo-fascism
Ultraconservatism
Anti-communism	1954	1958		Central America
Guinea	Democratic Party of Guinea – African Democratic Rally	African nationalism
African socialism
Pan-Africanism	1960	1984		Africa
Guinea-Bissau	African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde	Communism
Marxism–Leninism	1974	1991		Africa
Haiti Haiti	Flag of Haiti (1964–1986, civil).svg National Unity Party	Black nationalism
Haitian nationalism
Right-wing populism
Anti-communism
Anti-Americanism				North America
Hawaii Hawaii	Reform Party	Americanisation
Annexationism				North America
Flag of Hungary (1915-1918, 1919-1946).svg Government of National Unity	Flag of the Arrow Cross Party 1942 to 1945.svg Arrow Cross Party	Magyarism
Fascism
Collaborationism
Agrarianism				Europe
HPRHPRHPR Hungary	Flag of the Hungarian Working People's Party.svg Hungarian Working People's Party	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Stalinism				Europe
HPRHPRFlag of Hungary.svg Hungary	Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Kádárism				Europe
Indonesia	Indonesian National Party	Nationalism
Marhaenism				Asia
Iran Imperial State of Iran	Rastakhiz Party	Monarchism
Populism
Secularism
Democratic centralism
Third Position				Asia
Flag of Iraq (1959-1963).svgFlag of Iraq (1963-1991).svg Iraq	Iraqi Arab Socialist Union	Arab nationalism
Arab socialism
Pan-Arabism
Nasserism				Asia
Flag of Iraq (1963-1991).svgFlag of Iraq (1991-2004).svg Iraq	Flag of the Ba'ath Party.svg Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party	Saddamist Ba'athism
Arab nationalism
Arab socialism
Pan-Arabism
Militarism				Asia
Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg Fascist Italy	Flag of the National Fascist Party (PNF) variant 2.svg National Fascist Party	Fascism
Corporatism
Ultranationalism
Totalitarianism				Europe/Africa
Flag of Italy.svg Italian Social Republic	Flag of the National Fascist Party (PNF) variant 2.svg Republican Fascist Party	Fascism
Corporatism
Ultranationalism
Totalitarianism
Antisemitism
Collaborationism				Europe
Ivory Coast	Democratic Party of Ivory Coast – African Democratic Rally	African nationalism
Conservatism
Populism
Houphouëtism
Pan-Africanism	1960	1990		Africa
Flag of Japan (1870–1999).svg Empire of Japan	Imperial Rule Assistance Association	Shōwa statism
Militarism	1940	1945		Asia
Flag of Japan (1870–1999).svg Philippine Executive Commission	Flag of Kalibapi.svg Association for Service to the New Philippines	Filipino nationalism
National conservatism
Fascism
Japanophilia
Collaborationism				Asia
Flag of Democratic Kampuchea.svg Kampuchea	Banner of the Communist Party of Kampuchea.svg Communist Party of Kampuchea	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Agrarianism
Autarky
Khmer nationalism
Ultranationalism				Asia
Kenya	Kenya African National Union	Kenyan nationalism
Conservatism	1969 (de facto)
1982 (de jure)	1991		Africa
First Republic of Korea	Liberal Party	Ilminism
Conservatism
Korean nationalism	17 December 1951	19 April 1960		Asia
Third Republic of Korea	Democratic Republican Party	Korean nationalism
Conservatism
Corporatism	2 February 1963	12 December 1979		Asia
Fifth Republic of Korea	Flag of the Democratic Justice Party (1987-1990).svgDemocratic Justice Party	Conservatism
Authoritarianism	15 January 1981	16 December 1987		Asia
Flag of Independent State of Croatia.svg Independent State of Croatia	Ustaša – Croatian Revolutionary Movement	Croatian irredentism
Croatian ultranationalism
National conservatism
Social conservatism
Clerical fascism
Fascist corporatism
Political Catholicism
Anti-communism				Europe
Flag of Latvian SSR (1918-1920).svg Latvia	Communist Party of Latvia	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
democratic centralism
state socialism				Europe
Flag of Latvian SSR (1940-1953).svg Latvia	Communist Party of Latvia	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Europe
Liberia Liberia	True Whig Party	Black conservatism
Centralization
Protectionism
Whiggism (until 1940s)	1878	April 1980		Africa
Libya Libya	Arab Socialist Union	Arab nationalism
Arab socialism
Pan-Arabism
Nasserism	1971	1977		Africa
Flag of the Lithuanian-Byelorussian SSR.svg Lithuania–Byelorussia	Communist Party of Lithuania and Belorussia	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Europe
Lithuania Lithuania	Flag of Lithuanian National Union.svg Lithuanian Nationalist Union	Lithuanian nationalism
National conservatism
Social conservatism
Fascist corporatism
Anti-communism	1926	1940	14 years	Europe
Flag of Lithuanian SSR (1940-1953).svg Lithuania	Communist Party of Lithuania	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Europe
Madagascar Democratic Republic of Madagascar	National Front for the Defense of the Revolution	Left-wing nationalism
Scientific socialism	1976	1989		Africa
Malawi	Malawi Congress Party	Ubuntu
Conservatism
African nationalism
Anti-colonialism	1964	1993		Africa
Flag of Mali (1959–1961).svgMali	Sudanese Union – African Democratic Rally	African nationalism
Pan-Africanism
African socialism	1960	1968		Africa
Mali	Democratic Union of the Malian People	African socialism
Democratic centralism	1976	1991		Africa
Flag of Manchukuo.svg Manchukuo	Flag of Concordia Association.svg Concordia Association	Fascism
Monarchism
Manchurian nationalism
Pan-Asianism				Asia
Mauritania	Mauritanian People's Party	Nationalism
Centralism
Islamic socialism	1961	1978		Africa
Mexico	Institutional Revolutionary Party	Revolutionary nationalism
Big tent			[](2000-mexican-general-election)		North America
Flag of the People's Republic of Mongolia (1924-1930).svgFlag of the People's Republic of Mongolia (1930-1940).svgFlag of the People's Republic of Mongolia (1940-1945).svgFlag of the People's Republic of Mongolia (1940-1992).svg Mongolia	Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party	Communism
Marxism–Leninism	1921			Asia
Flag of Mozambique (1974-1975).svgFlag of Mozambique (1975-1983).svgFlag of Mozambique (1983).svgFlag of Mozambique.svg Mozambique	Flag of FRELIMO (until 2004).svg FRELIMO	Marxism–Leninism				Africa
Niger	Nigerien Progressive Party – African Democratic Rally	African nationalism
Pan-Africanism	1960	1974		Africa
Niger	National Movement for the Development of Society	Conservatism	1989	1991		Africa
North Vietnam (partially)	Flag of the Communist Party of Vietnam.svg Workers' Party of North Vietnam (League for the Independence of Vietnam)	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Ho Chi Minh Thought		1946		Asia
North Vietnam	Workers' Party of North Vietnam (Vietnamese Fatherland Front)	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Ho Chi Minh Thought	1955			Asia
North Yemen	General People's Congress flag.svg General People's Congress	Yemeni nationalism
Arab nationalism
Pan-Arabism
Big tent	1982	1988		Asia
Norway National Government	Flag of Nasjonal Samling.svg National Rally	Fascism
Nazism
Fascist corporatism
Anti-communism
Collaborationism				Europe
Ottoman Empire	Union and Progress Party	İttihadism		1918		Asia/Europe
Paraguay Paraguay	Bandera Partido Colorado de Paraguay.svg Colorado Party	Conservatism
National conservatism	1947	1962		South America
Flag of Persian Socialist Soviet Republic.svg Persia	Communist Party of Persia	Communism
Marxism–Leninism	1920	1921		Asia
Flag of the Philippines (1943-1945).svg Republic of the Philippines	Flag of Kalibapi.svg Association for Service to the New Philippines	Filipino nationalism, National conservatism, Fascism, Japanophilia, collaborationism				Asia
Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svgFlag of Poland.svgFlag of Poland (with coat of arms, 1980-1990).svg Poland	Polish United Workers' Party flag.svg Polish United Workers' Party (Front of National Unity)	Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Europe
Flag of Poland.svgFlag of Poland (with coat of arms, 1980-1990).svg Poland	Polish United Workers' Party flag.svg Polish United Workers' Party (Patriotic Movement for National Rebirth)	Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Europe
Portugal Portugal	União Nacional Flag.svg National Union	Salazarism
corporatism
Integralismo Lusitano				Europe
Portugal Portugal	União Nacional Flag.svg National Union	Salazarism
corporatism
Integralismo Lusitano				Europe
Portugal Portugal	União Nacional Flag.svg People's National Action (formerly National Union)	Corporatism
Integralismo Lusitano	{{dts	format=dmy	1970	}}
Romania Romania	Flag of the National Renaissance Front.svg National Renaissance Front	Big tent
Romanian nationalism
Monarchism				Europe
RomaniaFlag of the Legionary Movement.png National Legionary State	Flag of the Iron Guard (Legion of the Archangel Michael or Legionary Movement).svg Iron Guard	Legionarism
Clerical fascism
Christian nationalism				Europe
Flag of Romania.svgFlag of Romania (1948-1952).svgFlag of Romania (1952-1965).svgFlag of Romania (1965-1989).svg Romania	Flag of PCR.svg Romanian Communist Party (People's Democratic Front)	Communism
Marxism–Leninism		1968		Europe
Flag of Romania (1948-1952).svgFlag of Romania (1952-1965).svgFlag of Romania (1965-1989).svg Romania	Flag of PCR.svg Romanian Communist Party (Front of Socialist Unity)	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
National Communism	1968	1980		Europe
Flag of Romania.svgFlag of Romania (1948-1952).svgFlag of Romania (1952-1965).svgFlag of Romania (1965-1989).svg Romania	Flag of PCR.svg Romanian Communist Party (Front of Socialist Unity and Democracy)	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
National Communism	1980			Europe
Rwanda	Parmehutu	Hutu Power	1965	1973		Africa
Rwanda	Flag of the National Republican Movement for Democracy and Development (MRND).svg National Revolutionary Movement for Development	Hutu Power
Ultranationalism
Social conservatism
Anti-communism	1978	1991		Africa
San Marino San Marino	Sammarinese Fascist Party	Italian fascism
Corporatism	1926	1943		Europe
San Marino	Republican Fascist Party of San Marino	Italian fascism	1943	1944		Europe
Senegal	Socialist Party of Senegal	African nationalism
African socialism	1966	1974		Africa
Seychelles	Seychelles People's Progressive Front	Communism
Marxism-Leninism	1979	1991		Africa
Sierra Leone	All People's Congress	African nationalism
Democratic socialism	1978	1991		Africa
Flag of First Slovak Republic 1939-1945.svg Slovak Republic	Flag of the Hlinka party (1938–1945) variant 2.svg Hlinka's Slovak People's Party – Party of Slovak National Unity	Clerical fascism
Slovak nationalism				Europe
Somalia Somalia	Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party	Islamic socialism
Marxism–Leninism
Pan-Somalism
Scientific socialism
Somali nationalism				Africa
South Yemen	Flag of the Popular Front for the Liberation of the Occupied Arabian Gulf.svg National Liberation Front,	Arab nationalism
Arab socialism				Asia
South Yemen	Flag of the Yemeni Socialist Party (bigger star version).svg Yemeni Socialist Party	Communism
Marxism–Leninism				Asia
Flag of South Yemen.svg Democratic Republic of Yemen	Flag of the Yemeni Socialist Party (bigger star version).svg Yemeni Socialist Party	Communism
Marxism–Leninism				Asia
Flag of the Commune of the Working People of Estonia.svg Estonia	Russian Communist Party (Central Committee of the Estonian Sections)	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Europe
Flag the Russian SFSR (1918).svgFlag of the Russian SFSR (1918-1920).svg Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic	Russian Communist Party	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Europe/Asia
Flag the Russian SFSR (1918).svgFlag of the Russian SFSR (1918-1920).svg Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic	Russian Social Democratic Labour Party	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Europe/Asia
Flag of the Soviet Union (1923).svgFlag of the Soviet Union (1924).svgFlag of the Soviet Union (1924-1936).svgFlag of the Soviet Union.svg Union of Soviet Socialist Republics	Russian Communist Party	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Europe/Asia
Flag of the Soviet Union (1924).svgFlag of the Soviet Union (1924-1936).svgFlag of the Soviet Union (1936-1955).svgFlag of the Soviet Union.svg Union of Soviet Socialist Republics	All-Union Communist Party	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism
Stalinism				Europe/Asia
Flag of the Soviet Union (1936-1955).svgFlag of the Soviet Union (1955-1980).svgFlag of the Soviet Union.svg Union of Soviet Socialist Republics	Communist Party of the Soviet Union	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Europe/Asia
Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931).svg Kingdom of Spain	Patriotic Union	Spanish nationalism
Political Catholicism
Monarchism
Conservatism	1924	1930		Europe
Flag of Spain (1945–1977).svg Spanish State	Bandera FE JONS.svg FET y de las JONS	Francoism
Falangism
Spanish nationalism
traditionalism
National Catholicism
anti-liberalism
corporatism				Europe
Sudan Democratic Republic of the Sudan	Flag of the Sudanese Socialist Union.svg Sudanese Socialist Union	Arab nationalism
Arab socialism
Anti-communism	1971	1985		Africa
Sudan	National Congress Party	Islamism
Arab nationalism
Salafism
Social conservatism	1989	2005		Africa
Syria Syrian Republic	Arab Liberation Movement	Syrian nationalism
Modernization
Pro-Western	1953	1954		Asia
Syria Syrian Arab Republic	Flag of the Ba'ath Party.svg Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party (National Progressive Front)	Neo-Ba'athism
Pan-Arabism
Arab nationalism
Arab socialism
Militarism	8 March 1963
(de-facto)		Asia
São Tomé and Príncipe	Movement for the Liberation of São Tomé and Príncipe – Social Democratic Party	Communism
Marxism–Leninism	1975	1990		Africa
Tanganyika (1961–1964)	Flag of TANU.svg Tanganyika African National Union	African nationalism
African socialism
Ujamaa	1961	1977		Africa
Tanzania	Chama Cha Mapinduzi	Ujamaa
African socialism	1977	1992		Africa
Togo	Party of Togolese Unity	African nationalism	1962	1963		Africa
Togo	Rally of the Togolese People	African nationalism
Right-wing populism	1969	1991		Africa
Tunisia	Neo Destour	Tunisian nationalism
Bourguibism
Arab nationalism
Secularism	1963	1964		Africa
Tunisia	Socialist Destourian Party	Tunisian nationalism
Secularism
Bourguibism	1964	1981		Africa
Turkey (one-party period)	Flag of the Republican People's Party (Turkey).svg Republican People's Party	Kemalism	1923	1945		Asia/Europe
Turkmenistan	Democratic Party of Turkmenistan	Turkmen nationalism
Secularism
Social conservatism
Catch-all party	1992	2008		Asia
Flag of the Tuvinian Peoples Revolutionary Party.svgFlag of Tannu Tuva (1921-1926).svgFlag of the Tuvan People's Republic (1926-1930).svgFlag of the Tuvan People's Republic (1930-1933).svgFlag of the Tuvan People's Republic (1933-1939).svgFlag of the Tuvan People's Republic (1941-1943).svgFlag of the Tuvan People's Republic (1943-1944).svg Tuva	Flag of the Tuvinian Peoples Revolutionary Party.svg Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Asia
Uganda	Flag of Uganda People's Congress.svg Uganda People's Congress	Social democracy
African nationalism
Pan-Africanism	1969	1971		Africa
Flag of Ukrainian SSR (1919-1929).svg Ukraine	Communist Party of Ukraine	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic centralism
State socialism				Europe
United Arab Republic	National Union	Arab nationalism
Arab socialism
Pan-Arabism	1958	1961		Africa
Upper Volta Upper Volta	Voltaic Democratic Union-African Democratic Rally	African nationalism
Pan-Africanism	1960	1966		Africa
Flag of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.svg Yugoslavia	Yugoslav Radical Peasants' Democracy	Royalism
Yugoslav nationalism
Agrarianism
Centralism
Anti-liberalism	1929	1931		Europe
Flag of the Democratic Federal Yugoslavia.svgFlag of SFR Yugoslavia.svg Yugoslavia	League of Communists of Yugoslavia Flag.svg League of Communists of Yugoslavia (Socialist Alliance of Working People of Yugoslavia)	Marxism–Leninism
Titoism
Yugoslavism				Europe
Zaire Zaire	Popular Movement of the Revolution	Mobutism
Zairean nationalism
Authenticité	1970	1990		Africa
Zambia	Unip Zambia Flag.png United National Independence Party	African socialism
African nationalism	1972	1990		Africa
Zanzibar	Flag of Afro-Shirazi party.svg Afro-Shirazi Party	African nationalism
Marxism–Leninism	1964	1977		Africa

Notes

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