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Nu (letter)

Thirteenth letter in the Greek alphabet

Thirteenth letter in the Greek alphabet

Nu (; uppercase Ν, lowercase ν; el, ) is the thirteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, representing the voiced alveolar nasal . In the system of Greek numerals it has a value of 50. It is derived from the Phoenician nun [[Image:Phoenician nun.svg|20px]]. Its Latin equivalent is N, though the lowercase (\nu) resembles the Roman lowercase v.

The name of the letter is νῦ (grc, ) in Ancient Greek, while in Modern Greek it is νι (el, ).

Letters that arose from nu include N in the Latin script and En (Н) in Cyrillic.

Symbology

The lower-case letter ν is used as a symbol in many academic fields. Uppercase nu is not used, because it appears identical to Latin N.

  • Mathematics:
    • Degrees of freedom in statistics.
    • The greatest fixed point of a function, as commonly used in the μ-calculus.
    • Free names of a process, as used in the π-calculus.
    • One of the Greeks in mathematical finance, known as "vega".
    • The reciprocal of 1 plus the interest rate in finance.
    • The p-adic valuation or p-adic order of a number.
  • Physics:
    • Kinematic viscosity in fluid mechanics.
    • The frequency of a wave in physics and other fields; sometimes also spatial frequency; wavenumber
    • The specific volume in thermodynamics.
    • Poisson's ratio, the ratio of strains perpendicular with and parallel with an applied force.
    • Any of three kinds of neutrino in particle physics.
    • The number of neutrons released per fission of an atom in nuclear physics.
    • Molecular vibrational mode, ν**x where x is the number of the vibration (a label).
    • The true anomaly, an angular parameter that defines the position of a body moving along an orbit (see orbital elements).
  • Biology:
    • A DNA polymerase found in higher eukaryotes and implicated in translesion synthesis.
  • Chemistry:
    • The stoichiometric coefficient.
  • Psychology:
    • The maximum conditioning possible for an unconditioned stimulus in the Rescorla-Wagner model.

Unicode

Encodings of Greek Nu and Coptic Ni.

  • ( in TeX)

References

References

  1. Elert, Glenn. (2023). "Special Symbols". hypertextbook.
  2. See e.g. [[Planck constant. Planck's formula]]
  3. Unicode Code Charts: [https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0370.pdf Greek and Coptic (Range: 0370-03FF)]
Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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