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NPO Mashinostroyeniya

Rocket design company

Field	Value
name	NPO Mashinostroyeniya
former_names	OKB-52
logo	NPO_Mashinostroyeniya_logo.png
image	Проходная и здание заводоуправления НПО Машиностроения (cropped).jpg
image_caption	NPO Mashinostroyeniya design bureau in Reutov
type	Joint-stock company
industry	Defense industry
Aerospace industry
Space industry
predecessor
successor
founded	1944
founder
defunct
hq_location_city	Reutov
hq_location_country	Russia
area_served
products	Missiles, Ballistic missiles, Cruise missiles, Anti-ship missiles, Spacecraft, Launch vehicles
revenue
revenue_year
owner
num_employees_year
parent	Tactical Missiles Corporation
website

Note

"OKB-52" and "TsKBM" redirect here. For related design bureaus and manufacturing plants see Myasishchev and Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center.

Aerospace industry Space industry NPO Mashinostroyeniya () is a rocket design bureau based in Reutov, Russia. During the Cold War it was responsible for several major weapons systems, including the UR-100N Intercontinental ballistic missile and the military Almaz space station program.

India is Mashinostroyeniya's second largest customer after the Russian Federation for sale of P-70 Ametist, BrahMos, BrahMos-II and P-800 Oniks.

History

NPO Mashinostroyeniya was founded in 1944 to develop rockets for the Russian military. Under the leadership of cruise missile designer Vladimir Chelomey, the firm was lead developer of the Soviet Union's space satellites, cruise missiles, and intercontinental ballistic missiles. Originally part of the OKB-51 design bureau, it relocated to Reutov, and from 1955 to 1966 was designated OKB-52 (and also OKB-52 MAP). OKB-52 became later known as TsKBM.

The OKB-52 was the main rival of OKB-1 (then the design bureau of Sergei Korolev, later renamed TsKBEM, today RSC Energia) during the Soviet human lunar programs and the Soviet space station program.

At its peak in the mid-1980s, NPO Mashinostroyeniya employed nearly 10,000. By the mid-1980s state support for NPO was dwindling. In the 1980s, the Soviet government directed NPO to develop vegetable oil processing equipment, baking industry equipment, and food storage products. By 1993, Mashinostroyeniya's defense orders dwindled to one-fifth of previous levels.

On July 16, 2014, the Obama administration imposed sanctions through the US Department of Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) by adding NPO Mashinostroyeniya and other entities to the Specially Designated Nationals List (SDN) in retaliation for the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War. ScarCruft and the Lazarus Group allegedly hacked company systems in 2021, according to reports published by cybersecurity firm SentinelOne.

Spacecraft

Air launched orbital vehicles

17K-AM

Crewed spacecraft

VA spacecraft

Space launched vehicles

Strela (rocket)
UR-100
UR-200

Missiles

Anti-ship missiles

P-70 Ametist (NATO codename: SS-N-7 Starbright)
P-120 Malakhit (NATO codename: SS-N-9 Siren)
P-500 Bazalt (NATO codename: SS-N-12 Sandbox)
P-700 Granit (NATO codename: SS-N-19 Shipwreck)
P-800 Oniks (NATO codename: SS-N-26 Strobile)
Zircon (missile)

References

"Аффилированные лица". Сетевое издание «Центр раскрытия корпоративной информации».
"Commercial Prospects For Russian Defense Firms: Profile Of A Firm In Reutov". Business Information Service for the Newly Independent States (BISNIS).
"Almaz". RussianSpaceWeb.com.
(16 July 2014). "Ukraine-related Sanctions; Publication of Executive Order 13662 Sectoral Sanctions Identifications List". treasury.gov.
(16 July 2014). "Announcement of Treasury Sanctions on Entities Within the Financial Services and Energy Sectors of Russia, Against Arms or Related Materiel Entities, and those Undermining Ukraine's Sovereignty". treasury.gov.
(7 August 2023). "Comrades in Arms? | North Korea Compromises Sanctioned Russian Missile Engineering Company".
"North Korean hackers broke into Russian missile producer's systems: R…".

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

space-industry-companies-of-russia defence-companies-of-the-soviet-union guided-missile-manufacturers reutov tactical-missiles-corporation companies-based-in-moscow-oblast design-bureaus russian-entities-subject-to-u.s.-department-of-the-treasury-sanctions research-institutes-in-the-soviet-union

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