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Nickel(II) nitrate

Nickelous nitrate Nitric acid, nickel(2+) salt 290.79 g/mol (hexahydrate) | NFPA-H = 2 | NFPA-R = 0 | NFPA-F = 0 | NFPA-S = OX Nickel(II) chloride Copper(II) nitrate

Nickel (II) nitrate is the inorganic compound Ni(NO3)2 or any hydrate thereof. In the hexahydrate, the nitrate anions are not bonded to nickel. Other hydrates have also been reported: Ni(NO3)2.9H2O, Ni(NO3)2.4H2O, and Ni(NO3)2.2H2O.

It is prepared by the reaction of nickel oxide with nitric acid: : NiO + 2 HNO3 + 5 H2O → Ni(NO3)2.6H2O The anhydrous nickel nitrate is typically not prepared by heating the hydrates. Rather it is generated by the reaction of hydrates with dinitrogen pentoxide or of nickel carbonyl with dinitrogen tetroxide: : Ni(CO)4 + 2 N2O4 → Ni(NO3)2 + 2 NO + 4 CO

The hydrated nitrate is often used as a precursor to supported nickel catalysts.

Structure

Nickel(II) compounds with oxygenated ligands often feature octahedral coordination geometry. Two polymorphs of the tetrahydrate Ni(NO3)2.4H2O have been crystallized. In one the monodentate nitrate ligands are trans while in the other they are cis.

Reactions and uses

Nickel(II) nitrate is primarily used in electrotyping and electroplating of metallic nickel.

In heterogeneous catalysis, nickel(II) nitrate is used to impregnate alumina. Pyrolysis of the resulting material gives forms of Raney nickel and Urushibara nickel. In homogeneous catalysis, the hexahydrate is a precatalyst for cross coupling reactions.

References

References

  1. Perry's Chem Eng Handbook, 7th Ed
  2. Pietsch, E. H. E.. (1966). "Gmelins Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, Nickel Teil B 2". Verlag Chemie GmbH.
  3. (2005). "Nickel Compounds".
  4. (1979). "Crystal Structure of the β Form of Ni(NO3)2.4H2O". Acta Crystallographica Section B: Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry.
  5. (1967). "Structure du Nitrate de Nickel Tétrahydraté". Acta Crystallographica.
  6. (2014). "Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis".
  7. (2017). "Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis".
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