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National symbols of England

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The national symbols of England are things which are emblematic, representative, or otherwise characteristic of England or English culture. Some are established, official symbols; for example, the Royal Arms of England, which has been codified in heraldry. Other symbols may not have official status, for one reason or another, but are likewise recognised at a national or international level.

Flags

Main article: List of English flags

[[File:Royal Banner of England.svg100x100px]]The Royal Banner of England (also known as the Banner of the Royal Arms, the Banner of the King) is the English banner of arms; it features the Royal Arms of England. This Royal Banner differs from England's national flag, St George's Cross, in that it does not represent any particular area or land, but rather symbolises the sovereignty vested in the rulers thereof.

Flora and fauna

[[File:Rosa Red Chateau01.jpg100x100px]]The rose is England's national flower. A Tudor rose is officially used, signifying the unification of the warring parties of the Wars of the Roses under the Tudor dynasty. The red rose representing The House of Lancaster, the White, the House of York. A red rose is often substituted, & is used, for instance, in the emblems of the English Golf Union and the England national rugby union team.

Food and drink

Main article: English cuisine

[[File:Nice Cup of Tea.jpg100px]]cup]] of tea constituted a national symbol of England. In an alternative view, it may be considered symbolic of Britain rather than England alone for its historical British connection with the British Empire and India, and is not specifically pre-Union of the Crowns or pre-Union of Parliaments. It is also drunk widely and equally in England, Scotland, and Wales.

Heraldry

Main article: English heraldry

[[File:Tudor Rose.svg100x100px]]The Tudor rose, which takes its name from the Tudor dynasty, was adopted as a national emblem of England around the time of the Wars of the Roses as a symbol of peace. It is a syncretic symbol in that it merged the white rose of the Yorkists and the red rose of the Lancastrians — cadet branches of the Plantagenets — who went to war over control of the royal house. It is also known as the Rose of England.

Literature

Main article: English literature

[[File:George Orwell press photo.jpg135x135px]]George Orwell (Eric Arthur Blair, 1903–1950): English novelist, essayist and critic whose politically founded works include the allegorical novella *Animal Farm* and the dystopian novel *Nineteen Eighty-Four*

Military

Main article: Military of England

[[File:Sir Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington.pngleftframeless137x137px]]Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington (1769 – 1852) was one of the leading military and political figures in 19th-century Britain. He defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815, and served as prime minister twice.

Motor vehicles

Main article: Automotive industry in the United Kingdom

[[File:2005 LTI TXII Silver Automatic 2.4 Front.jpg100x100px]]London taxi/black cab/Hackney carriage: Inimitable and timeless taxi design. Only licensed hackney carriages can pick up passengers on the street and without pre-booking. London's traditional black cabs are specially constructed vehicles designed to conform to the standards set out in the Conditions of Fitness. Traditional London taxi drivers are licensed and must have passed an extensive training course (*the Knowledge*).

Music

Main article: Music of the United Kingdom

[[File:The Fabs.JPG100x100px]]The Beatles: arguably the most significant musical and cultural force of the twentieth century

Myth and folklore

Main article: English folklore

[[File:Robin-hood-and-maid-marion-01.png100x100px]]Robin Hood is a heroic outlaw in English folklore.

People

[[File:Queen Elizabeth II official portrait for 1959 tour (retouched) (cropped) (3-to-4 aspect ratio).jpg133x133px]]Queen Elizabeth II (1926–2022): Longest reigning monarch of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms. She was also the first British monarch to have a Platinum Jubilee.

Miscellaneous

[[File:Stonehenge2007 07 30.jpgframeless100x100px]]Stonehenge is an ancient monument constructed from around 3000 BC to 2000 BC that is considered a cultural icon and has been depicted many times in british culture, including on stamps. This is demonstrated by the Royal Navy exploiting this sense of identification by naming an S-class destroyer and one of their S-class submarines HMS *Stonehenge*. Thousands of people continue to gather at the stones every summer and winter solistice..

References

Bibliography

References

  1. "St. George – England's Patron Saint". Britannia.com.
  2. "United Kingdom – History of the Flag". FlagSpot.net.
  3. {{harvnb. Thomson. 2001
  4. {{Harvnb. Fox-Davies. 2008
  5. {{harvnb. Fox-Davies. 2008
  6. Barnett R.. (2008). "Ancient DNA analysis indicates the first English lions originated from North Africa". Contributions to Zoology.
  7. Garai, Jana. (1973). "The Book of Symbols". Simon & Schuster.
  8. "What images are associated with England?".
  9. "UK: Up a tree with the king to be". [[The Daily Telegraph]].
  10. (3 November 2015). "Red roses and white: A brief history of the Tudor Rose".
  11. O'Connor, Kaori. (2013). "The English Breakfast The Biography of a National Meal, with Recipes". Bloomsbury Publishing.
  12. Belton, Howard. (2015). "A History of the World in Five Menus". AuthorHouse.
  13. Gooden, Philip. (2005). "Faux Pas?: A No-Nonsense Guide to Words and Phrases from Other Languages". A&C Black.
  14. "Scotland and the British Empire".
  15. {{harvnb. Jamieson. 1998
  16. {{Harvnb. Boutell. 1859
  17. The First Foot Guards. "Coat of Arms of King George III". footguards.tripod.com.
  18. {{harvnb. Briggs. 1971
  19. Ingle, Sean. (2002-07-18). "Why do England have three lions on their shirts?". The Guardian.
  20. "Queen at Westminster Abbey to mark her coronation". [[The Guardian]].
  21. (2003-01-13). "National flowers". Number10.gov.uk.
  22. Smith, Jed. (2005-06-03). "England's Rose – The Official History". RugbyNetwork.net.
  23. "Geoffrey Chaucer: English writer".
  24. "William Shakespeare: English author".
  25. "Charles Dickens: British novelist".
  26. "George Orwell: British author".
  27. "Oliver Cromwell: English statesman".
  28. Sauer, Elizabeth. (23 June 2014). "Milton, Toleration, and Nationhood". Cambridge University Press.
  29. Manchester, William. (2015). "The Last Lion: Winston Spencer Churchill: Visions of Glory, 1874-1932". Pan Macmillan.
  30. "Horatio Nelson, Viscount Nelson: British naval commander".
  31. "Nominate England's greatest icon". [[BBC News]].
  32. "The Birth of Rolls Royce".
  33. "Black Cab tops the list of London's transport 'Design Icons'". [[Transport for London]].
  34. ""The Father of English Musick": William Byrd".
  35. "£20 Elgar note withdrawal 'a national disgrace'". [[The Daily Telegraph]].
  36. "Sir Edward Elgar: English composer".
  37. "100 Greatest Artists".
  38. "The Beatles 'add £82m a year to Liverpool economy'". [[BBC News]].
  39. "Arthur: Legendary king of Britain".
  40. "Robin Hood: Legendary hero".
  41. Yorke, B. A. E.. (2001). "The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England". Blackwell Publishing.
  42. "Victoria: Queen of United Kingdom".
  43. "A history of Royal Jubilees".
  44. "Big Ben is a symbol of the grandness of British achievement". [[Travel Guard]].
  45. "Buckingham Palace: Palace, Westminster, London, United Kingdom".
  46. "Coldstream Guards". Coldstream Guards.
  47. "Morris dancers: Why David Cameron is right to support innocent English folklore". [[The Daily Telegraph]].
  48. "White Cliffs of Dover: Why are they so important to the British?". [[BBC News]].
  49. Crabtree, Chloe-Rose. (23 April 2019). "Maypoles, Pagan Rites and Civil War: May Day in English History".
  50. (1 November 2019). "Quintessential England: activities".
  51. "Stonehenge 'brings two British icons together' to celebrate Queen's Platinum Jubilee".
  52. "HMS Stonehenge (P 232)".
  53. (2023-06-21). "Thousands welcome summer solstice at Stonehenge". BBC News.
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