National intranet

List of countries with national intranets

Myanmar

Myanmar before 2011, while it was ruled by a military junta, used to have a separate intranet for domestic use called Myanmar Wide Web.

Cuba

Cuba has its own state-controlled intranet called national web.

North Korea

North Korea's Kwangmyong network, dating back to 2000, is the best-known of this type of network. Cuba and Myanmar also use a similar network system that is separated from the rest of the Internet. The network uses domain names under the .kp top-level domain that are not accessible from the global Internet. As of 2016 the network uses IPv4 addresses reserved for private networks in the 10.0.0.0/8 range.

Russia

In 2020 Russia tested internal internet known as RuNet (Internet in the Russian Federation).

China

China does not maintain a national intranet. Instead, it relies on selective blocking of foreign internet content, a system termed the Great Firewall, combined with censorship of content posted from within its borders, such as by blocking lists of "sensitive" keywords.

Iran

The National Information Network of Iran works like the Great Firewall of China. In April 2011, a senior Iranian official, Ali Agha-Mohammadi announced government plans to launch its own "halal Internet", which would conform to Islamic values and provide "appropriate" services. Creating such a network, similar to the North Korean example, would prevent unwanted information from outside Iran getting into the closed system.

References

References

1. "The Great Firewall of China". Bloomberg.com.
2. (2016-11-29). "Putin brings China's Great Firewall to Russia in cybersecurity pact".
3. (2008-01-25). "Access Denied: The Practice and Policy of Global Internet Filtering". MIT Press.
4. Scola, Nancy. "Wait, Cuba has its own Internet?". Washington Post.
5. "Cuba - The World Factbook".
6. "More Cubans have local intranet, mobile phones". Reuters.
7. Harrison Jacobs. (Sep 6, 2018). "Is there internet in Cuba?".
8. Christopher Rhoads and Farnaz Fassihi. (May 28, 2011). "Iran Vows to Unplug Internet". Wall Street Journal.
9. Mäkeläinen, Mika. (14 May 2016). "Yle Pohjois-Koreassa: Kurkista suljetun maan omaan tietoverkkoon". [[Yle]].
10. "Russia Takes a Big Step Toward Internet Isolation".
11. Denyer, Simon. (2016-05-23). "China's scary lesson to the world: Censoring the Internet works". Washington Post.
12. Dave Allen. (19 July 2019). "Analysis by Oracle Internet Intelligence Highlights China's Unique Approach to Connecting to the Global Internet". Oracle.
13. Siegel, Rachel. "Search result not found: China bans Wikipedia in all languages". Washington Post.
14. "How China's Internet Police Control Speech on the Internet".
15. (6 March 2020). "How China's social media users created a new language to beat censorship on COVID-19".
16. "Iran To Work With China To Create National Internet System".
17. Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. "Refworld {{!}} Freedom on the Net 2018 - Iran".
18. "What You Need to Know about Internet Censorship in Iran".
19. [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jan/05/iran-clamps-down-internet-use "Iran clamps down on Internet use"], Saeed Kamali Dehghan, ''The Guardian'', 5 January 2012
20. Ryan Paul. (April 10, 2012). "Iran moving ahead with plans for national intranet". Ars Technica.