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Menteri Besar of Perak
Head of government in Malaysian state
Head of government in Malaysian state
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| post | Menteri Besar |
| body | Perak |
| insignia | Coat of arms of Perak.svg |
| incumbent | Saarani Mohamad |
| incumbentsince | 10 December 2020 |
| department | Government of Perak |
| style | Yang Amat Berhormat (The Most Honourable) |
| member_of | Perak State Executive Council |
| reports_to | Perak State Legislative Assembly |
| residence | Jalan Raja Dihilir, Ipoh, Perak |
| seat | Aras 2, Bangunan Perak Darul Ridzuan, Jalan Panglima Bukit Gantang Wahab, 30000 Ipoh, Perak |
| appointer | Nazrin Muizzuddin Shah |
| appointer_qualified | Sultan of Perak |
| termlength | 5 years or lesser, renewable once (while commanding the confidence of the Perak State Legislative Assembly |
| With State Elections held no more than five years apart) | |
| formation | |
| inaugural | Abdul Wahab Toh Muda Abdul Aziz |
| website |
With State Elections held no more than five years apart)
The Menteri Besar of Perak or First Minister of Perak is the head of government in the Malaysian state of Perak. According to convention, the Menteri Besar is the leader of the majority party or largest coalition party of the Perak State Legislative Assembly.
The current holder of Menteri Besar of Perak post is Saarani Mohammad, who has served since 10 December 2020.
Appointment
According to the state constitution, the Sultan of Perak shall first appoint the Menteri Besar to preside over the Executive Council and requires such Menteri Besar to be a member of the Legislative Assembly who in his judgment is likely to command the confidence of the majority of the members of the Assembly, must be an ethnic Malay who professes the religion of Islam and must not a Malaysian citizen by naturalisation or by registration. The Sultan on the Menteri Besar's advice shall appoint not more than ten nor less than four members from among the members of the Legislative Assembly.
The member of the Executive Council must take and subscribe in the presence of the Sultan the oath of office and allegiance as well as the oath of secrecy before they can exercise the functions of office. The Executive Council shall be collectively responsible to the Legislative Assembly. The members of the Executive Council shall not hold any office of profit and engage in any trade, business or profession that will cause conflict of interest.
If a government cannot get its appropriation (budget) legislation passed by the Legislative Assembly, or the Legislative Assembly passes a vote of "no confidence" in the government, the Menteri Besar is bound by convention to resign immediately. The Sultan's choice of replacement Menteri Besar will be dictated by the circumstances. A member of the Executive Council other than the Menteri Besar shall hold office during the pleasure of the Sultan, unless the appointment of any member of the Executive Council shall have been revoked by the Sultan on the advice of the Menteri Besar but may at any time resign his office.
Following a resignation in other circumstances, defeated in an election or the death of the Menteri Besar, the Sultan will generally appoint as Menteri Besar the person voted by the governing party as their new leader.
Powers
The power of the Menteri Besar is subject to a number of limitations. Menteri Besar removed as leader of his or her party, or whose government loses a vote of no confidence in the Legislative Assembly, must advise a state election or resign the office or be dismissed by the Sultan. The defeat of a supply bill (one that concerns the spending of money) or unable to pass important policy-related legislation is seen to require the resignation of the government or dissolution of Legislative Assembly, much like a non-confidence vote, since a government that cannot spend money is hamstrung, also called loss of supply.
The Menteri Besar's party will normally have a majority in the Legislative Assembly and party discipline is exceptionally strong in Perak politics, so passage of the government's legislation through the Legislative Assembly is mostly a formality.
Caretaker Menteri Besar
The legislative assembly unless sooner dissolved by the Sultan with His Majesty's own discretion on the advice of the Menteri Besar shall continue for five years from the date of its first meeting. The state constitution permits a delay of 60 days of general election to be held from the date of dissolution and the legislative assembly shall be summoned to meet on a date not later than 120 days from the date of dissolution. Conventionally, between the dissolution of one legislative assembly and the convening of the next, the Menteri Besar and the executive council remain in office in a caretaker capacity.
List of Menteris Besar of Perak
The following is the list of Menteris Besar of Perak since 1948:
Colour key (for political parties):
/
| No. | Portrait | Name | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Birth–Death) | ||||||||||
| Constituency | Term of office | Party | Election | Assembly | Took office | Left office | Time in office | |||
| 1 | [[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Perak.svg | 97x97px]] | **Abdul Wahab Toh Muda Abdul Aziz** | |||||||
| (1905–1959) | 1 February | |||||||||
| 1948 | 1 August | |||||||||
| 1957 | United Malays National Organisation}};" | UMNO | – | – | ||||||
| None}};" | Independent | |||||||||
| NAP | ||||||||||
| 2 | [[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Perak.svg | 97x97px]] | **Mohamed Ghazali Jawi** | |||||||
| (1924–1982) | ||||||||||
| MLC for Larut-South Matang | 1 August | |||||||||
| 1957 | 16 April | |||||||||
| 1959 | Alliance Party (Malaysia)}};" | Alliance | ||||||||
| (UMNO) | – | – | ||||||||
| 3 | [[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Perak.svg | 97x97px]] | **Shaari Shafie** | |||||||
| (1912–1966) | ||||||||||
| MLA for Senggang | 16 April | |||||||||
| 1959 | 8 May | |||||||||
| 1964 | Alliance Party (Malaysia)}};" | Alliance | ||||||||
| (UMNO) | – | – | ||||||||
| [1959](1959-malayan-state-elections) | 1st | |||||||||
| 4 | [[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Perak.svg | 97x97px]] | **Ahmad Said** | |||||||
| (1919–1974) | ||||||||||
| MLA for Lenggong | 9 May | |||||||||
| 1964 | 17 March | |||||||||
| 1969 | Alliance Party (Malaysia)}};" | Alliance | ||||||||
| (UMNO) | [1964](1964-malaysian-state-elections) | 2nd | ||||||||
| 5 | [[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Perak.svg | 97x97px]] | **Kamaruddin Mohd. Isa** | |||||||
| (1929–1990) | ||||||||||
| MLA for Larut | 18 March | |||||||||
| 1969 | 4 September | |||||||||
| 1974 | Alliance Party (Malaysia)}};" | Alliance | ||||||||
| (UMNO) | [1969](1969-malaysian-state-elections) | 3rd | ||||||||
| 6 | [[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Perak.svg | 97x97px]] | **Mohamed Ghazali Jawi** | |||||||
| (1924–1982) | ||||||||||
| MLA for Kenering | 4 September | |||||||||
| 1974 | 2 October | |||||||||
| 1977 | Barisan Nasional}};" | BN | ||||||||
| (UMNO) | [1974](1974-malaysian-state-elections) | 4th | ||||||||
| 7 | [[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Perak.svg | 97x97px]] | Dato' Seri | |||||||
| **Wan Mohamed Wan Teh** | ||||||||||
| (1929–1993) | ||||||||||
| MLA for Temengor (1974–1978) | ||||||||||
| MLA for Kenering (1978–1983) | 3 October | |||||||||
| 1977 | 1 March | |||||||||
| 1983 | Barisan Nasional}};" | BN | ||||||||
| (UMNO) | – | |||||||||
| [1978](1978-malaysian-state-elections) | 5th | |||||||||
| [1982](1982-malaysian-state-elections) | 6th | |||||||||
| 8 | [[File:Tansri5.jpg | 127x127px]] | Tan Sri Dato' Seri | |||||||
| **Ramli Ngah Talib** | ||||||||||
| (born 1941) | ||||||||||
| MLA for Kampong Gajah | 1 March | |||||||||
| 1983 | 3 December | |||||||||
| 1999 | Barisan Nasional}};" | BN | ||||||||
| (UMNO) | – | |||||||||
| [1986](1986-malaysian-state-elections) | 7th | |||||||||
| [1990](1990-malaysian-state-elections) | 8th | |||||||||
| [1995](1995-malaysian-state-elections) | 9th | |||||||||
| 9 | [[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Perak.svg | 97x97px]] | Tan Sri Dato' Seri DiRaja | |||||||
| **Tajol Rosli Mohd Ghazali** | ||||||||||
| (born 1946) | ||||||||||
| MLA for Kenering (1999–2004) | ||||||||||
| MLA for Pengkalan Hulu (2004–2008) | 3 December | |||||||||
| 1999 | 17 March | |||||||||
| 2008 | Barisan Nasional}};" | BN | ||||||||
| (UMNO) | [1999](1999-malaysian-state-elections) | 10th | ||||||||
| [2004](2004-malaysian-state-elections) | 11th | |||||||||
| 10 | [[File:Datuk_Seri_Ir_Mohammad_Nizar_Jamaluddin.jpg | 120x120px]] | Dato' Seri Ir. | |||||||
| **Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin** | ||||||||||
| (born 1957) | ||||||||||
| MLA for Pasir Panjang | 17 March | |||||||||
| 2008 | 6 February | |||||||||
| 2009 | Pakatan Rakyat}};" | PR | ||||||||
| (PAS) | [2008](2008-malaysian-state-elections) | 12th | ||||||||
| 11 | [[File:Zambry_Abdul_Kadir_-_2023_(cropped).jpg | 120x120px]] | Dato' Seri DiRaja | |||||||
| **Zambry Abdul Kadir** | ||||||||||
| (born 1962) | ||||||||||
| MLA for Pangkor | 12 May | |||||||||
| 2009 | 12 May | |||||||||
| 2018 | Barisan Nasional}};" | BN | ||||||||
| (UMNO) | – | |||||||||
| [2013](2013-malaysian-state-elections) | 13th | |||||||||
| 12 | [[File:Dato'_Seri_Ahmad_Faizal_Dato'_Haji_Azumu.jpg | 95x95px]] | Dato' Seri | |||||||
| **Ahmad Faizal Azumu** | ||||||||||
| (born 1970) | ||||||||||
| MLA for Chenderiang | 12 May | |||||||||
| 2018 | 10 March | |||||||||
| 2020 | Pakatan Harapan}};" | PH | ||||||||
| (BERSATU) | [2018](2018-perak-state-election) | 14th | ||||||||
| 13 March | ||||||||||
| 2020 | 5 December | |||||||||
| 2020 | Perikatan Nasional}};" | PN | ||||||||
| (BERSATU) | – | |||||||||
| 13 | Dato' Seri | |||||||||
| **Saarani Mohamad** | ||||||||||
| (born 1962) | ||||||||||
| MLA for Kota Tampan | 10 December | |||||||||
| 2020 | Incumbent | Barisan Nasional}};" | BN | |||||||
| (UMNO) | – | |||||||||
| [2022](2022-perak-state-election) | 15th |
Living former Menteris Besar
| Name | Term of office | Date of birth |
|---|---|---|
| Ramli Ngah Talib | 1983–1999 | 16 March 1941 (age ) |
| Tajol Rosli Mohd Ghazali | 1999–2008 | 6 November 1946 (age ) |
| Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin | 2008-2009 | 17 March 1957 (age ) |
| Zambry Abdul Kadir | 2009–2018 | 22 March 1962 (age ) |
| Ahmad Faizal Azumu | 2018–2020 | 10 June 1970 (age ) |
References
References
- "Perak". WorldStatesmen.org.
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