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Melliferous flower

Plant harvested by bees to produce honey

A melliferous flower is a plant which produces substances that can be collected by insects and turned into honey. Many plants are melliferous, but only certain examples can be harvested by honey bees, because of their physiognomy (body size and shape, length of proboscis, etc.). Apiculture classifies a plant as melliferous if it can be harvested by domesticated honey bees.

The table below lists some of the known melliferous plants, and indicates the flowering period, as well as the resources harvested by bees (nectar, pollen, propolis, and honeydew). Each plant does not produce the same quantity or quality of these resources, and even among species the production can vary due to region, plant health, climate, etc.

Plant table

Plains plants

Image	Common name	Latin name	Flowering months	Nectar	Pollen	Propolis	Honeydew
[[Image:Robinia Pseudoacacia flower.JPG	50px]]	Black locust	Robinia pseudacacia	05–06	X	X	.	.
[[Image:Papaver rhoeas mak polny small.jpg	50px]]	Corn poppy	Papaver rhoeas	04–05	.	X	.	.
[[Image:Cornus sanguinea0.jpg	50px]]	Common dogwood	Cornus sanguinea	05–06	X	X	.	.
[[Image:Ribes sanguineum blossom (aka).jpg	50px]]	Ribes	Ribes rubrum	04–05	X	X	.	.
[[Image:Hulst.jpg	50px]]	European holly	Ilex aquifolium	05–06	X	X	.	.
[[Image:(MHNT) Hedera helix - immature inflorescences.jpg	50px]]	European ivy	Hedera helix	09–10	X	X	X	.
[[Image:Senf bluete.jpg	50px]]	White mustard	Sinapis alba	05–09	X	X	.	.
[[File:Katjes van een hazelaar (Corylus avellana). 26-01-2021. (actm.) 02.jpg	50px]]	Hazel	Corylus avellana	01–03	.	X	.	X
[[Image:Taraxacum 2005 spring 001.jpg	50px]]	Dandelion	Taraxacum officinale	05–06	X	X	.	.
[[Image:Salix caprea8.jpg	50px]]	Goat willow	Salix caprea	02–04	X	X	.	.
[[Image:Trefle3.jpg	50px]]	White clover	Trifolium repens	05–07	X	X	.	.
[[Image:Coltsfoot close-up aka.jpg	50px]]	Coltsfoot	Tussilago farfara	02–04	.	X	.	.

Mediterranean plants

Image	Common name	Latin name	Flowering months	Nectar	Pollen	Propolis	Honeydew
	Almond	Prunus dulcis	02–04	X	X	.	.
[[Image:Arbutus unedo b.JPG	50px]]	Strawberry tree	Arbutus unedo	10–01	X	.	.	.
[[Image:Buisfleurs.jpg	50px]]	Buxus	Buxus sempervirens	04–05	X	X	.	.
[[Image:MHNT Viburnum tinus.jpg	50px]]	Viburnum tinus	Viburnum tinus	02–06	X	X	.	.
[[Image:ChristianBauer flowering rosemary.jpg	50px]]	Rosemary	Rosmarinus officinalis	11–04	X	X	.	.
[[Image:Thymus vulgaris0.jpg	50px]]	Thyme	Thymus vulgaris	04–09	X	.	.	.

Mountain plants

Image	Common name	Latin name	Flowering months	Nectar	Pollen	Propolis	Honeydew
[[Image:Gewone engelwortel R0012882 bloem.JPG	50px]]	Garden angelica	Angelica sylvestris	07–08	X	X	.	.
[[Image:Arnica montana.JPG	50px]]	Wolf's bane	Arnica montana	07–08	X	X	.	.
[[Image:Erica cinera0.jpg	50px]]	Erica	Erica cinerea	07–09	X	X	.	.
[[Image:Calluna vulgaris (flower closeup).jpg	50px]]	Calluna	Calluna vulgaris	08–10	X	X	.	.
[[Image:Chestnut flowers.jpg	50px]]	Sweet chestnut	Castanea sativa	06–07	X	X	.	X
[[Image:Silybum marianum 2003-04-07.jpg	50px]]	Milk thistle	Silybum marianum	07–08	X	X	.	.
[[Image:Epilobum augustifolium Aug2003.jpg	50px]]	Fireweed	Epilobium angustifolium	07–09	X	X	.	.
[[Image:Acer pseudoplatanus Inflorescence BavariaMay2005.jpg	50px]]	Sycamore	Acer pseudoplatanus	03–04	X	X	X	X
[[Image:Noorse esdoorn bloeiwijze (Acer platanoides inflorescens).jpg	50px]]	Norway maple	Acer platanoides	05–06	X	X	.	X
[[Image:Raspberry-flower-2.jpg	50px]]	Raspberry	Rubus idaeus	06–07	X	X	.	.
[[Image:Gentiana lutea 090705a.jpg	50px]]	Great yellow gentian	Gentiana lutea	07–08	X	X	.	.
[[Image:Helleborus niger Rax 1.jpg	50px]]	Hellebore	Helleborus niger	01–04	X	X	.	.
[[Image:LyciumBarbarum-bloem-hr.jpg	50px]]	Boxthorn	Lycium barbarum	07–08	X	X	.	.
[[Image:Vaccinum myrtillus 020503.jpg	50px]]	Blueberry	Vaccinium myrtillus	05–06	X	X	.	.
[[Image:Snowdrop closeup 2005 01.jpg	50px]]	Snowdrop	Galanthus nivalis	01–03	X	X	.	.
[[Image:Rhododendron.jpg	50px]]	Rhododendron	Rhododendron ferrugineum	06–08	X	X	.	.
[[Image:Abies_alba_-_Köhler–s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-001.jpg	50px]]	Silver fir	Abies alba	05	.	X	.	X
[[Image:Satureja montana0.jpg	50px]]	Savory	Satureja montana	07–08	X	.	.	.
[[Image:Thymus serpyllum1.jpg	50px]]	Wild thyme	Thymus serpyllum	06–09	X	.	.	.
[[Image:Filipendula ulmaria10.jpg	50px]]	Rowan	Sorbus aucuparia	05–06	X	X	X	.

Cultured plants

Image	Common name	Latin name	Flowering months	Nectar	Pollen	Propolis	Honeydew
[[Image:Sonnenblume.jpg	50px]]	Sunflower	Helianthus annuus	07–08	X	X	.	.
[[Image:Single lavender flower02.jpg	50px]]	Lavender	Lavandula intermedia	06–07	X	X	.	.

References

(2019-10-20). "Melliferous potential of Mentha aquatica". Journal of Apicultural Research.

Info: Wikipedia Source

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