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Magnesium perchlorate

deliquescent 1.98 g/cm3 (hexahydrate) 95-100 °C (hexahydrate) | NFPA-H = 1 | NFPA-F = 0 | NFPA-R = 0 | NFPA-S = OX Barium perchlorate

Magnesium perchlorate is a powerful oxidizing agent, with the formula Mg(ClO4)2. The salt is also a superior drying agent for gas analysis.

Magnesium perchlorate decomposes at 250 °C. The heat of formation is -568.90 kJ/mol.

Magnesium perchlorate is very soluble in water (99.3 g/100 mL at room temperature), and because of this the freezing point depression can be quite high, with the eutectic point at -64 C.

It is sold under the trade name Anhydrone. Manufacture of this product on a semi-industrial scale was first performed by G. Frederick Smith in his garage in Urbana Illinois, but later at a permanent facility in Columbus, Ohio called G. Frederick Smith Chemical Co. He sold the magnesium perchlorate to A. H. Thomas Co., now Thomas Scientific, under the trade name Dehydrite.

Uses

It is used as desiccant to dry gas or air samples,{{cite journal

Magnesium perchlorate and other perchlorates have been found on Mars. Being a drying agent, magnesium perchlorate retains water from the atmosphere and may release it when conditions are favorable and temperature is above 273 K. Briny solutions that contain salts such as magnesium perchlorate have a lower melting point than that of pure water. Therefore the abundance of magnesium and other perchlorate salts on Mars could support the theory that liquid aqueous solutions might exist on or below the surface, where temperature and pressure conditions would ordinarily cause the water to freeze.

Production

Magnesium perchlorate is produced by the reaction of magnesium hydroxide and perchloric acid.

References

References

  1. "Magnesium Perchlorate, Anhydrous". [[American Elements]].
  2. (2016). "CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics". [[Taylor and Francis Group]].
  3. (Oct 10, 2025). "Liquid Vein networks as habitats in ice-cemented ground on Earth and Mars: Effects of soil geometry and salts☆". Icarus.
  4. W. L. F. Armarego and C. Chai. (2003). "Purification of laboratory chemicals". Butterworth-Heinemann.
  5. Hand, Eric. (2008-08-06). "Perchlorate found on Mars". Nature.
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